1968 Indianapolis 500

The 52nd International 500 Mile Sweepstakes was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana on Thursday May 30, 1968. For the second year in a row, one of Andy Granatelli's STP Turbine-powered machines was leading late in the race, but once again, it failed within sight of victory.

On lap 174 Lloyd Ruby's engine misfired allowing Joe Leonard to take the lead in the Lotus 56 Turbine. Leonard, however, suffered a flameout on the lap 191 restart, and rolled to a silent and shocking halt. Bobby Unser in the venerable piston-powered Offenhauser, inherited the lead, and despite gear linkage trouble, went on to win his first of three Indy 500 victories.

This was the final Indianapolis 500 to feature a front-engined car in the starting field. Of the 33 cars, 32 were rear-engined machines (including three turbines). Jim Hurtubise's entry, which dropped out after only nine laps, was the last front-engine car to race in the 500. This was also the first 500 won by a turbocharged engine.

During the month, film crews were on hand to film various action shots and stock footage of the race proceedings to be used in the upcoming movie Winning, starring Paul Newman.

With 9.25 inches of precipitation in the Indianapolis area, the 1968 race featured the wettest month on record for the Indy 500.^[1] Rain hampers practice and qualifying, but does not affect race day.

Race schedule

Time trials was scheduled for four days, but for the first time under the current schedule format, qualifying was carried over into a fifth day. Most of Bump Day (May 26) was rained out, and the track closed due to darkness with the field not yet filled to 33 cars. A special session was held Monday in order to complete the field.

Race schedule — May 1968
Sun	Mon	Tue	Wed	Thu	Fri	Sat
			1 Practice	2 Practice	3 Practice	4 Practice
5 Practice	6 Practice	7 Practice	8 Practice	9 Practice	10 Practice	11 Practice
12 Practice	13 Practice	14 Practice	15 Practice	16 Practice	17 Practice	18 Pole Day
19 Time Trials	20 Practice	21 Practice	22 Practice	23 Practice	24 Practice	25 Time Trials
26 Bump Day	27 Time Trials	28 Carb Day	29	30 Indy 500	31

Color	Notes
Green	Practice
Dark Blue	Time trials
Silver	Race day
Red	Rained out*
Blank	No track activity

* Includes days where track
activity was significantly
limited due to rain

The 500 Festival Parade was held Tuesday night, May 28.

Practice and time trials

Graham Hill's 1968 Lotus 56 Turbine

The 1968 Indianapolis 500 was the second and ultimately the final year of participation by the controversial STP Granatelli Turbine machines. For 1968, the Pratt & Whitney turbine engine was installed in the Lotus 56 chassis, often known colloquially as the "Wedge Turbine," and sometimes affectionately as the "Doorstop." In a veiled effort to curtail the turbine's power output, USAC had imposed revised regulations regarding the maximum annulus inlet (reduced from 23.999 in² to 15.999 in²).

Mike Spence was fatally injured after a crash in turn one on May 7. A tire broke off his Lotus "Wedge" Turbine and struck him in the head. He died of his injuries a few hours after the accident after being taken to the hospital. Spence's death came one month after Jim Clark's at Hockenheim. Clark was scheduled to drive one of the Lotus Wedge Turbines at Indy.

Pole Day Time trials – Saturday May 18

Graham Hill the 1966 winner in the #70 STP Turbine was first to qualify, and set a new qualifying record. Later, his STP Lotus 56 teammate Joe Leonard in #60 won the pole position with a speed of 171.559 mph (276.097 km/h).

Second Day time trials – Sunday May 19

Rain kept cars off the track most of the day. Only two cars were able to make an attempt, and only one was run to completion. At 5:45 p.m., the track was finally opened for qualifications, and Jochen Rindt (164.144 mph) was the lone qualifier, while Denny Hulme waved off as the 6 o'clock gun went off.

At the conclusion of the first weekend of time trials, the field was filled to 16 cars.

Third Day time trials – Saturday May 25

Sixteen cars made a total of 24 attempts, and filled the field to 26 cars. High winds kept some cars off the track, and speeds were down from the previous weekend.^[2] Many cars waved off, and Mel Kenyon (165.191 mph) was the fastest car of the day.

After qualifying, Ronnie Bucknum's car was disqualified for being 20 pounds underweight.

Fourth day time trials – Sunday May 26

With the field filled to 25 cars (eight spots open), rain kept the cars off the track until late in the day. The final scheduled day of time trials ("Bump Day") was almost a complete wash out. The traditional 6 o'clock closing time came and went, and the track was still wet. Track crews continued to work, and the track opened for practice at 6:55 p.m. After the mandatory 30-minute practice session, the track opened for time trials at 7:31 p.m.

With overcast skies and darkness looming, three cars made attempts. Bill Puterbaugh and Bill Cheesbourg completed runs, while Bobby Johns spun on his second warm up lap. At that time, officials deemed the conditions unsafe due to darkness, and postponed the remainder of qualifying until Monday morning.^[3]

Time trials – Monday May 27

For the first time since 1952, time trials were pushed into a fifth day. Officials ruled that all 25 cars that were in the starting field at 6 p.m. Sunday May 26 were "locked in" and could not be bumped. In addition, all cars that were in line to qualify Sunday evening at 7:54 p.m. were eligible to make one qualifying attempt on Monday. Only cars that qualified after 6 p.m. on Sunday evening were subject to bumping (including Puterbaugh and Cheesbourg).

Ronnie Bucknum was reinstated to the field when it was determined that during his inspection, the scale used to weight the car was defective.^[4] With Bucknum's car back in the field, only seven spots were now available.

Though rain hampered the day, the qualifying was successfully completed on Monday. A frantic session saw two crashes (Bob Hurt and Rick Muther). Eighteen cars took to the track to fill the seven open spots. Both Puterbaugh and Cheesebourg were bumped, and Mike Mosley was the fastest of the day. Jim Hurtubise qualified his front-engined Mallard for 30th starting position. It would be the final front-engined car to qualify for the Indy 500.

Race Day

First half

At the drop of the green flag, Joe Leonard in the #60 STP Turbine took the lead, with Bobby Unser in second and Roger McCluskey up to third at the end of lap one. A fast pace was set over the first 100 miles, with no yellow caution lights. Bobby Unser took the lead for the first time on lap 8, and led most of the first half.

After only nine laps, Jim Hurtubise in the front-engined PepsiCo Frito-lay special had burned a piston, and was out, finishing 30th, the final front-engined "roadster" to race at lap at the 500. Also in the pits was Mario Andretti, who dropped out with a bad piston. Moments later, he hopped into the car of his teammate Larry Dickson, but that was also short-lived. That car also suffered a broken piston after 24 laps.

On lap 41, the caution flag flew for the first time. Al Unser, Sr. made a routine pit stop, but a fire broke out in the turbocharger. He was able to return to the race, but after only one lap, he lost a wheel and hit the wall in turn one. Arnie Knepper and Gary Bettenhausen were also involved. After 200 miles (320 km), defending champion A.J. Foyt was out with a blown engine.

Second half

On lap 110, Graham Hill lost a wheel and smashed into the turn two wall, which brought out the second caution. It was the first of the three Granatelli Turbines to drop out of the race. On the restart, Bobby Unser took the lead, blowing by Joe Leonard, showing the traditional piston-powered engines were still a match for the powerful turbines.

On lap 127, Mel Kenyon and rookie Billy Vukovich II tangled in turn four. Both were able to re-enter the race, but Johnny Rutherford, while trying to slow down, was rear-ended by Jim McElreath. Mike Mosley also spun in turn four trying to avoid the accident.

When Bobby Unser made his last pit stop, his car was stuck in high gear. As he slowly left his pit, struggling to accelerate back to racing speed, both Leonard and Ruby passed him. Leonard now led in the Turbine. Ruby was up to second, but was soon out of contention with a faulty ignition coil.

With 19 laps to go, Joe Leonard led, with Bobby Unser back in second. Carl Williams crashed on the backstretch, triggering a fire which brought out the yellow light. Under the caution, Leonard led, with Bobby Unser and Dan Gurney nose-to-tail. After the cleanup, the green flag was given on lap 191. At that instant, both leader Joe Leonard and his teammate Art Pollard hesitated and instantly slowed with identical snapped fuel pump drive shafts. The turbine engines again failed in sight of the finish, stunning the racing fraternity. Bobby Unser swept by into the lead with Dan Gurney inheriting second place. With a nearly full-lap lead, Unser cruised the final nine laps to win his first 500.

Cars using Goodyear tires swept the top four positions, and Goodyear won their second 500 in row. Officials allowed the top five cars to finish the full 500 miles, then flagged the rest of the field off the track. This would be the final 500 in which finishers were named to the prestigious Champion Spark Plug 100 mph Club. Unlike the 1967 race, the Turbine did not run away from the field in 1968. Bobby Unser led the most laps in the Offenhauser, but Joe Leonard spent most of the day on Unser's tail, in the top three. Graham Hill ran in the top five, but complained that he lacked speed down the long straights, and was running 4th when he wrecked. Art Pollard, in the third Turbine, spent most of the day in the top ten before the car quit, but was never really a factor for the win.

Box score

Finish	Start	No	Name	Qual	Rank	Laps	Status
1	3	3	Bobby Unser	169.507	3	200	Running
2	10	48	Dan Gurney	166.512	10	200	Running
3	17	15	Mel Kenyon	165.191	14	200	Running
4	20	42	Denis Hulme	164.189	19	200	Running
5	5	25	Lloyd Ruby	167.613	5	200	Running
6	26	59	Ronnie Duman	162.338	27	200	Running
7	23	98	Bill Vukovich II (R)	163.510	23	198	Flagged
8	27	90	Mike Mosley (R)	162.499	26	197	Flagged
9	31	94	Sammy Sessions (R)	162.118	31	197	Flagged
10	25	6	Bobby Grim	162.866	25	196	Flagged
11	24	16	Bob Veith	163.495	24	196	Flagged
12	1	60	Joe Leonard	171.599	1	191	Fuel Shaft
13	11	20	Art Pollard	166.297	11	188	Fuel Shaft
14	13	82	Jim McElreath	165.327	13	179	Stalled
15	28	84	Carl Williams	162.323	28	163	Crash BS
16	18	10	Bud Tingelstad	164.444	17	158	Oil Pressure
17	12	54	Wally Dallenbach Sr.	165.548	12	148	Engine
18	21	18	Johnny Rutherford	163.830	21	125	Crash T4
19	2	70	Graham Hill (W)	171.208	2	110	Crash T2
20	8	1	A.J. Foyt (W)	166.821	8	86	Rear End
21	19	45	Ronnie Bucknum (R)	164.211	18	76	Fuel Leak
22	14	27	Jim Malloy (R)	165.032	15	64	Rear End
23	15	78	Jerry Grant	164.782	16	50	Oil Leak
24	22	11	Gary Bettenhausen (R)	163.562	22	43	Accident T1
25	32	21	Arnie Knepper	161.900	32	42	Accident T1
26	6	24	Al Unser	167.069	6	40	Crash T1
27	9	4	Gordon Johncock	166.775	9	37	Rear End
28	33	64	Larry Dickson (Relieved by Mario Andretti; laps 14-24)	161.124	33	24	Piston
29	7	8	Roger McCluskey	166.976	7	16	Oil Filter
30	30	56	Jim Hurtubise	162.191	30	9	Piston
31	29	29	George Snider	162.264	29	9	Oil Leak
32	16	35	Jochen Rindt	164.144	20	5	Piston
33	4	2	Mario Andretti	167.691	4	2	Piston

Alternates

First alternate: Bruce Walkup (R) (#59, #62)^[5]

Failed to qualify

Sonny Ates (R) (#19, #31)
Rollie Beale (R) (#32, #88)
Chuck Booth (#34) – Entered, did not drive
Bill Cheesbourg (#22, #75, #81)
Jim Clark – Withdrawn
George Follmer (R) (#28, #41, #42)
Masten Gregory (#28, #95)
Bob Harkey (#71, #77, #88)
Chuck Hulse (#90) – Wrecked practice, retired

Bob Hurt (R) (#11, #14, #36, #72, #81, #90)
Bobby Johns (R) (#17, #25)
Dee Jones (R) (#34, #46)
Ralph Ligouri (R) (#71, #77, #88)
Bruce McLaren (R) (#66, #69)
Al Miller II (#9, #32)
Rick Muther (R) (#22, #28)
Danny Ongais (R) (#63) – Entry declined, lack of experience
Henry Pens (R) (#17) – Entry declined, lack of experience

Bill Puterbaugh (R) (#63, #71, #77)
Les Scott (R) (#50) – Failed refresher test
Mike Spence (R) (#30, #60) – Fatal accident
Chuck Stevenson (#90) – Wrecked, retired
Jackie Stewart (#20)
Jerry Titus (R) (#50, #71, #75, #76)
Greg Weld (R) (#17, #19, #30)
Dempsey Wilson (#51, #63, #81)
LeeRoy Yarbrough (#59, #62)^[6]

Race statistics

Lap Leaders
Laps	Leader
1–7	Joe Leonard
8–56	Bobby Unser
57–89	Lloyd Ruby
90–112	Bobby Unser
113–119	Joe Leonard
120–165	Bobby Unser
166–174	Lloyd Ruby
175–191	Joe Leonard
192–200	Bobby Unser

Total laps led
Leader	Laps
Bobby Unser	127
Lloyd Ruby	42
Joe Leonard	31

Yellows: 5 for 47 minutes
Laps*	Reason
41–51	Al Unser crash in turn 1 (12 minutes)
110–119	Graham Hill crash in turn 2 (10 minutes)
127–138	Vukovich brushed wall in turn 3 (12 minutes) Rutherford/Mosely spun in turn 4
158	Debris on frontstretch (1 minute)
183–191	Carl Williams crash in turn 2 (12 minutes)
* – Approximate lap counts

Tire participation chart
Supplier	No. of starters
Goodyear	19*
Firestone	14
* – Denotes race winner

Qualification Chronology

Att #	Car #	Driver	Laps	Qual Speed	Rank	Start	Comment
Saturday May 18, 1968
1	70	Graham Hill	4	171.208	2	2
2	25	Lloyd Ruby	4	167.613	5	5
3	8	Roger McCluskey	4	166.976	7	7
4	15	Mel Kenyon	2	—	—	—	Waved off
5	54	Wally Dallenbach	3	—	—	—	Waved off
6	3	Bobby Unser	4	169.507	3	3
7	4	Gordon Johncock	3	—	—	—	Waved off
8	1	A. J. Foyt	4	166.821	8	8
9	48	Dan Gurney	4	166.512	10	10
10	27	Jim Malloy	4	165.032	15	14
11	60	Joe Leonard	4	171.559	1	1
12	4	Gordon Johncock	4	166.775	9	9
13	82	Jim McElreath	4	165.512	13	13
14	24	Al Unser	4	167.069	6	6
15	2	Mario Andretti	4	167.691	4	4
16	54	Wally Dallenbach	4	165.548	12	12
17	56	Jim Hurtubise	1	—	—	—	Accident
18	78	Jerry Grant	4	164.782	16	15
19	20	Art Pollard	4	166.297	11	11
Sunday May 19, 1968
20	35	Jochen Rindt	4	164.144	20	16
21	42	Denis Hulme	3	—	—	—	Waved off
Saturday May 25, 1968
22	21	Arnie Knepper	1	—	—	—	Accident
23	15	Mel Kenyon	3	—	—	—	Waved off
24	62	Bruce Walkup	3	—	—	—
25	11	Gary Bettenhausen	4	163.562	22	22
26	18	Johnny Rutherford	4	163.830	21	21
27	45	Ronnie Bucknum	4	164.211	18	19	Disqualified 5/25; Reinstated 5/27; Bumps #88
28	88	Bob Harkey	3	—	—	—	Waved off
29	36	Larry Dickson	3	—	—	—	Waved off
30	59	Ronnie Duman	4	162.338	27	26
31	98	Billy Vukovich II	4	163.510	23	23
32	26	Bobby Johns	3	—	—	—	Waved off
33	14	Bob Hurt	3	—	—	—	Waved off
34	16	Bob Veith	4	163.495	24	24
35	10	Bud Tingelstad	1	—	—	—	Pulled off
36	90	Mike Mosley	2	—	—	—	Waved off
37	6	Bobby Grim	4	162.866	25	25
38	84	Carl Williams	2	—	—	—	Waved off
39	26	Bobby Johns	3	—	—	—	Waved off
40	10	Bud Tingelstad	4	164.444	17	18
41	21	Arnie Knepper	3	—	—	—	Waved off
42	42	Denis Hulme	4	164.189	19	20
43	15	Mel Kenyon	4	165.191	14	17
44	84	Carl Williams	3	—	—	—	Waved off
45	36	Larry Dickson	3	—	—	—	Waved off
Sunday May 26, 1968
46	77	Bill Puterbaugh	4	157.301	—	—	Bumped by #84
47	22	Bill Cheesbourg	4	157.274	—	—	Bumped by #21
		Bobby Johns		157.274	—	—	Spun on second warm up lap
Monday May 27, 1968
48	88	Bob Harkey	4	159.915	—	—	Bumped by #45 reinstatement
49	90	Mike Mosley	4	162.449	26	27
50	41	George Follmer	4	158.877	—	—	Bumped by #62
51	28	Rick Muther	2	—	—	—	Accident
52	94	Sam Sessions	4	162.118	31	31
53	31	Sonny Ates	4	158.221	—	—	Bumped by #29
54	36	Larry Dickson	4	159.652	—	—	Bumped by #56
55	21	Arnie Knepper	4	161.900	32	32	Bumps #22
56	84	Carl Williams	4	162.232	29	29	Bumps #77
57	29	George Snider	4	162.264	28	28	Bumps #31
58	62	Bruce Walkup	4	160.514	—	—	Bumps #41; Bumped by #64
59	56	Jim Hurtubise	4	162.191	30	30	Bumps #36
60	32	Al Miller II	4	157.109	—	—	Too slow
61	71	Bob Harkey	4	156.257	—	—	Too slow
62	64	Larry Dickson	4	161.124	33	33	Bumps #88
63	76	Jerry Titus	4	154.540	—	—	Too slow

Race notes

This would be the final Indy 500 documented by the popular Floyd Clymer 500 Mile Race yearbooks.
6th-place finisher Ronnie Duman would be killed ten days later at Milwaukee.
Mike Spence was the third person with the surname of Spence (none of whom were related) to lose his life at the Speedway.

Broadcasting

Radio

The race was carried live on the IMS Radio Network. Sid Collins served as chief announcer. Len Sutton served as "driver expert" for the third year. At the conclusion of the race, Lou Palmer reported from victory lane.

Pre-race coverage was 30 minutes. The entire on-air crew remained consistent from 1966 & 1967. The broadcast was carried by over 900 affiliates including 761^[7] in the United States, Armed Forces Network, the CBC, and reached New Zealand and Australia for the first time. The broadcast had an estimated 100 million listeners worldwide.

Collins greeted numerous guests in the booth during the race. Among those who stopped by were Chuck Stevenson, Sam Hanks, J. C. Agajanian, former (and future) radio analyst Fred Agabashian, Duke Nalon, Pete DePaolo, Henry Banks, Tom Binford, Johnnie Parsons, and Johnny Boyd. Indiana Senator Vance Hartke visited the booth, escorting a delegation that included Secretary of Transportation Alan Boyd. FCC chairman Rosel H. Hyde, Utah Senator Frank Moss, and Jack Kauffmann (The Washington Star). Senator Birch Bayh also visited the booth, accompanied by his teenage son, future senator Evan Bayh, who was attending his first race. On the air, Evan correctly predicted Bobby Unser would win.

Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network
Booth Announcers	Turn Reporters	Pit/garage reporters
Chief Announcer: Sid Collins Driver expert: Len Sutton Statistician: John DeCamp Historian: Donald Davidson	Turn 1: Mike Ahern Turn 2: Howdy Bell Backstretch: Doug Zink Turn 3: Ron Carrell Turn 4: Jim Shelton	Chuck Marlowe (north) Luke Walton (center) Lou Palmer (south)

Television

The race was carried in the United States on ABC's Wide World of Sports. The broadcast was supposed to air on Saturday, June 8 but was postponed a week to Saturday June 15 due to the funeral that day of Senator Robert F. Kennedy. Jim McKay anchored the broadcast with Rodger Ward as analyst.

ABC
Booth Announcers
Announcer: Jim McKay Color: Rodger Ward

The race was shown live on MCA closed-circuit television in approximately 175 theaters across the United States.^[8]^[9] Charlie Brockman served as anchor.

Gallery

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1968 Indianapolis 500.

1968 winning car
Joe Leonard's 1968 Lotus 56 Turbine

Notes

References

↑ "Monthly Temperature and Precipitation Extremes for Indianapolis (1871 to 2008)". NOAA.gov. 2008-06-01. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
↑ https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EjwgAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7mUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6366,6392255&dq=indianapolis+time+trials&hl=en
↑ https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=AiYzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=A-oFAAAAIBAJ&pg=661,2434979&dq=indianapolis+time+trials&hl=en
↑ https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qG4eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=g8kEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2622,6241234&dq=indianapolis+time+trials&hl=en
↑ The Talk of Gasoline Alley - 1070-AM WIBC, May 14, 2004
↑ "1968 International 500 Mile Sweepstakes". ChampCarStats.com. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
↑ "Facts And Figures On Indianapolis 500". Daily News. 1968-05-29. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
↑ "Indianapolis 500". 1968-05-14. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
↑ "Computers to Help Report Indianapolis 500 Race". Computer World. 1968-06-05. Retrieved 2012-08-08.

Works cited

Indianapolis 500 History: Race & All-Time Stats - Official Site
1968 Indianapolis 500 at RacingReference.info
1968 Indianapolis 500 Radio Broadcast, Indianapolis Motor Speedway Radio Network

1967 Indianapolis 500 A.J. Foyt	1968 Indianapolis 500 Bobby Unser	1969 Indianapolis 500 Mario Andretti
Preceded by 151.207 mph (1967 Indianapolis 500)	Record for the fastest average speed 152.882 mph	Succeeded by 156.867 mph (1969 Indianapolis 500)

Indianapolis 500-Mile Race

Track and race information

Track

Statistics

Drivers

Sanctioning bodies

AAA Contest Board (1909–1955)
FIA (1950–1960)
USAC (1956–1997)
INDYCAR (1998–present)

Ownership

Officials

Broadcasting

Radio	Bill Slater Sid Collins Paul Page Lou Palmer Bob Jenkins Mike King Donald Davidson

Television	Jim McKay Jackie Stewart Chris Schenkel Chris Economaki Sam Posey Jack Arute Jim Lampley Paul Page Bob Jenkins Todd Harris Marty Reid Allen Bestwick

Other	Tom Carnegie Robin Miller Ron McQueeney

Related events

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Crown Royal 400	Crown Royal presents the Your Hero's Name Here 400 Lilly Diabetes 250

Other	U.S. Grand Prix Red Bull Grand Prix Triple Crown of Motorsport Brickyard Grand Prix Brickyard Sports Car Challenge IROC at Indy

Golf at IMS	Champions Tour PGA Tour LPGA Tour

Related area

Lore

Notable races

Indianapolis 500 race summaries and box scores

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1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 ~~1942~~ 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949

1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

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