47 Ursae Majoris c

47 Ursae Majoris c
Exoplanet List of exoplanets
Parent star
Star 47 Ursae Majoris
Constellation Ursa Major
Right ascension (α) 10h 59m 28.0s
Declination (δ) +40° 25′ 49″
Apparent magnitude (mV) 5.03
Distance45.9 ly
(14.06 pc)
Spectral type G1V
Mass (m) 1.08 M☉
Radius (r) 1.172 ± 0.111 R☉
Temperature (T) 5887 ± 3.8 K
Metallicity [Fe/H] 0.04
Age 6.03 Gyr
Orbital elements
Semi-major axis(a) 3.6 ± 0.1[1] AU
(~540 Gm)
    ~26 mas
Periastron (q) 3.3+0.4
−0.3 AU
(~490 Gm)
Apastron (Q) 4.0+0.2
−0.5 AU
(~600 Gm)
Eccentricity (e) 0.098+0.047
−0.096[1]
Orbital period(P) 2391+100
−70[1] d
(~6.55 y)
Orbital speed (υ) 16.5+1.1
−1.0 km/s
Argument of
periastron		 (ω) 295+114
−160[1]°
Time of periastron (T0) 2,452,441+628
−825[1] JD
Semi-amplitude (K) 7.0 ± 2.3[2] m/s
Physical characteristics
Minimum mass(m sin i)0.540+0.066
−0.073[1] MJ
Stellar flux(F⊙)0.115 ⊕
Temperature (T) 152
Discovery information
Discovery date 15 August 2001
19 March 2002 (confirmed)
Discoverer(s) Fischer,
Butler, and
Marcy et al.
Discovery method Doppler spectroscopy
Discovery site  United States
Discovery status Confirmed
Other designations
Taphao Kaew, 47 UMa c,[3] HD 95128 c[4][note 1]
Database references
Extrasolar Planets
Encyclopaedia		data
SIMBADdata
Exoplanet Archivedata
Open Exoplanet Cataloguedata

47 Ursae Majoris c (abbreviated 47 UMa c), also named Taphao Kaew (Thai: ตะเภาแก้ว, rtgs: Taphaokaeo, pronounced [tā.pʰāw.kɛ̂ːw]), is an extrasolar planet approximately 46 light-years from Earth in the constellation of Ursa Major. The planet was discovered located in a long-period around the star 47 Ursae Majoris. Its orbit lasts 6.55 years and the planet has a mass at least 0.540 times that of Jupiter.

In July 2014 the International Astronomical Union launched a process for giving proper names to certain exoplanets and their host stars.[5] The process involved public nomination and voting for the new names.[6] In December 2015, the IAU announced the winning name was Taphao Kaew for this planet.[7] The winning name was submitted by the Thai Astronomical Society of Thailand. Taphaokaeo was one of two sisters associated with a Thai folk tale.[8]

Discovery

Orbits of the 47 Ursae Majoris system planets. 47 UMa c is the middle planet.

Like the majority of known extrasolar planets, 47 Ursae Majoris c was discovered by detecting changes in its star's radial velocity caused by the planet's gravity. This was done by measuring the Doppler shift of the star's spectrum.

At the time of discovery in 2001, 47 Ursae Majoris was already known to host one extrasolar planet, designated 47 Ursae Majoris b. Further measurements of the radial velocity revealed another periodicity in the data unaccounted for by the first planet. This periodicity could be explained by assuming that a second planet, designated 47 Ursae Majoris c, existed in the system with an orbital period close to 7 years. Observations of the photosphere of 47 Ursae Majoris suggested that the periodicity could not be explained by stellar activity, making the planet interpretation more likely. The planet was announced in 2002.[9]

Further measurements of 47 Ursae Majoris failed to detect the planet, calling its existence into question. Furthermore, it was noted that the data used to determine its existence left the planet's parameters "almost unconstrained".[10] A more recent study with datasets spanning over 6,900 days came to the conclusion that while the existence of a second planet in the system is likely, periods around 2,500 days have high false-alarm probabilities, and gave a best-fit period of 7,586 days (almost 21 years).[11]

In 2010, a study was published that determined that there are three giant planets orbiting 47 Ursae Majoris, including one at 2,391 days that corresponds well with the original claims for 47 Ursae Majoris c.[1]

Physical characteristics

Since 47 Ursae Majoris c was detected indirectly, properties such as its radius, composition, and temperature are unknown. Based on its high mass, the planet is likely to be a gas giant with no solid surface.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ These alternative planetary designations are taken from the alternative designations of the host star, and are used in scientific papers occasionally for some exoplanets (see Milone & Wilson 2008 and Raghavan 2009). The most commonly used star designations are Bayer, Flamsteed, HD, HIP, HR, and Gliese.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 P. C. Gregory; D. A. Fischer (2010). "A Bayesian periodogram finds evidence for three planets in 47 Ursae Majoris". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 403 (2): 731. arXiv:1003.5549Freely accessible. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.403..731G. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16233.x.
  2. ↑ "Planets Table". Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets. Archived from the original on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-04.
  3. ↑ D. Raghavan (2009). "A Survey of Stellar Families: Multiplicity of Solar-type Stars" (PDF). PhD Thesis. Georgia State University: 224–226.
  4. ↑ E. F. Milone; W. J. F. Wilson (2008). Solar System Astrophysics: Planetary Atmospheres and the Outer Solar. Solar System Astrophysics. 2. Springer. pp. xv, 328, 339, 349. ISBN 0-387-73153-9.
  5. ↑ NameExoWorlds: An IAU Worldwide Contest to Name Exoplanets and their Host Stars. IAU.org. 9 July 2014
  6. ↑ NameExoWorlds The Process
  7. ↑ Final Results of NameExoWorlds Public Vote Released, International Astronomical Union, 15 December 2015.
  8. ↑ NameExoWorlds The Approved Names
  9. ↑ D. A. Fischer, et al. (2002). "A Second Planet Orbiting 47 Ursae Majoris". Astrophysical Journal. 564 (2): 1028–1034. Bibcode:2002ApJ...564.1028F. doi:10.1086/324336.
  10. ↑ D. Naef, et al. (2004). "The ELODIE survey for northern extra-solar planets. III. Three planetary candidates detected with ELODIE". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 414: 351–359. arXiv:astro-ph/0310261Freely accessible. Bibcode:2004A&A...414..351N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034091.
  11. ↑ R. A. Wittenmyer; M. Endl; W. D.Cochran (2007). "Long-Period Objects in the Extrasolar Planetary Systems 47 Ursae Majoris and 14 Herculis". Astrophysical Journal. 654 (1): 625–632. arXiv:astro-ph/0609117Freely accessible. Bibcode:2007ApJ...654..625W. doi:10.1086/509110.

External links

Coordinates: 10h 59m 28.0s, +40° 25′ 49″

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