And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda

George Lambert's Anzac, the landing 1915, depicting the landing at Anzac Cove

"And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda" is a song written by Scottish-born Australian singer-songwriter Eric Bogle in 1971. The song describes war as futile and gruesome, while criticising those who seek to glorify it. This is exemplified in the song by the account of a young Australian soldier who is maimed at the Battle of Gallipoli during the First World War.

The song incorporates, at its conclusion, the melody and a few lines of lyrics of the 1895 song "Waltzing Matilda" by Australian poet Banjo Paterson. Many cover versions of the song have been performed and recorded.

The song has been praised for its imagery, evoking the devastation at the Gallipoli Landings. The protagonist, who had travelled across rural Australia before the war, is emotionally devastated by the loss of his legs in battle. As the years pass he notes the death of other veterans, while the younger generation becomes apathetic to the veterans and their cause.

Content

The song is an account of the memories of an old Australian man who, as a youngster had travelled across rural Australia with a swag (the so-called "Matilda" of the title) and tent. In 1915 he had been recruited into the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps and sent to Gallipoli. For "ten weary weeks," he kept himself alive as "around [him] the corpses piled higher". He recalls "that terrible day" ... "in the hell that they called Suvla Bay [they] were butchered like lambs at the slaughter" ... "in that mad world of blood, death and fire". He is ultimately hit by a shell and awakens in hospital to learn that he has lost both his legs.

When the ship carrying the young soldiers departs from Australia the band plays Waltzing Matilda while crowds wave flags and cheer. However, when the crippled narrator returns and "the legless, the armless, the blind, the insane" are carried down the gangway to the same popular music, the crowd watches in silence and turn their faces away.

The song contains elements that are inaccurate. The line that states "they gave me a tin hat" is anachronistic, as the British and Imperial armies were not issued steel helmets until 1916, the year after Gallipoli. The ANZAC landings were virtually unopposed. Furthermore, the sole Australian unit at Suvla, the Royal Australian Navy Bridging Train, landed early in the first day, but was left without orders until late in the afternoon, when they were set to building piers to receive the men and supplies of the later stages of the landing.

Composition and style

ANZAC Cove, Gallipoli, 1915

Interviewed by The Sydney Morning Herald in 2002, Bogle said that as a 12-year-old boy in Peebles, Scotland in 1956, he had purchased a set of bound volumes of World War Illustrated, a weekly "penny dreadful propaganda sheet", which had been published during World War I. Bogle was inspired by the photography and felt a sense of "both the enormity of the conflict and its individual toll." In his teens he was a voracious reader of everything on the war and already knew much about the Anzacs' role at Gallipoli before he emigrated to Australia in 1969.[1]

He told The Sydney Morning Herald:

A lot of people now think the song is traditional. And a lot of people think that I died in the war, and penned it in blood as I expired in the bottom of a trench. I never thought the song would outlast me, but I have decided now there's no doubt it will. For how long, I have no idea. Nothing lasts forever. Hopefully it'll be sung for quite a few years down the track, especially in this country. And hopefully it will get to the stage where everyone forgets who wrote it.[1]

A couple of years after arriving in Australia, Bogle found himself at a Remembrance Day parade in Canberra and the song was the result of that event. The song was written in the space of two weeks.[2] Interviewed in 2009 for The Scotsman, he said:

I wrote it as an oblique comment on the Vietnam War which was in full swing… but while boys from Australia were dying there, people had hardly any idea where Vietnam was. Gallipoli was a lot closer to the Australian ethos – every schoolkid knew the story, so I set the song there. ... At first the Returned Service League and all these people didn't accept it at all; they thought it was anti-soldier, but they've come full circle now and they see it's certainly anti-war but not anti-soldier."[2]

Written in 1971, the song's resonance with the US Vietnam campaign has not been missed, as it rails against the romanticising of war.[1] As the old man sits on his porch, watching the veterans march past every Anzac Day, he muses: "The young people ask what are they marching for, and I ask myself the same question".

History

The song was originally eight verses long, but Bogle pared it down to five verses.[1] In 1974 Bogle entered the National Folk Festival songwriting competition, in Brisbane, which offered a first prize of a $300 Ovation guitar. Bogle sang two songs, with "Matilda" as the second. He later recalled:

I sang the first song and got polite applause. Then I did Matilda, and for the first time, and thankfully not the last, there was a second's silence after I finished. I thought, "I've fucked it here." I hadn't sung it very well. Then this storm of applause broke out and I thought, "Ovation guitar, come to daddy!" Well, that wasn't my first thought, but it was pretty close to my first thought.[1]

The judges awarded the song place third, but their decision caused a small storm of protest, focusing more attention on the song, Bogle thought, than outright victory would have done.[1]

Jane Herivel from the Channel Islands had heard Bogle sing at the festival and requested Bogle to send her a recording. She sang it at a festival in the south of England where folk-singer June Tabor heard it and later recorded it for her 1976 album "Airs and Graces".[3] Unknown to Bogle, the song became famous in the UK and North America; so when Bogle was in the UK in 1976 he was surprised to be asked to perform at a local folk club on the strength of the song.[1]

Covers

The first release of the song was by John Currie on the Australian label M7 in 1975.[1] Cover versions of the song have been performed and recorded by Katie Noonan (Flametree Festival Byron Bay 08), The Irish Rovers, Joan Baez, Priscilla Herdman, Liam Clancy, Martin Curtis, The Dubliners, Ronnie Drew, Danny Doyle, Slim Dusty, The Fenians, Mike Harding, Jolie Holland, Seamus Kennedy, Johnny Logan and Friends, John Allan Cameron, Houghmagandie, John McDermott, Midnight Oil, Christy Moore, The Pogues, The Skids, June Tabor, John Williamson, The Bushwackers and the bluegrass band, Kruger Brothers, Redgum, John Schumann, Tickawinda (on the album "Rosemary Lane"), Orthodox Celts, The Houghton Weavers, and Bread and Roses. Audrey Auld-Mezera (on the album Billabong Song), Garrison Keillor has also performed it on his radio show A Prairie Home Companion when ANZAC Day (25 April) has fallen on a Saturday, and has also performed his own adaptation titled "And the Band Played The Star-Spangled Banner". Phil Coulter released a cover on his 2007 album Timeless Tranquility - 20 Year Celebration.

American Vietnam veteran and Medal of Honor recipient Senator Bob Kerrey, who lost half his leg in the war, sang the song to his supporters after being elected to the United States Senate in 1988,[1] and borrowed the first line for the title of his 2002 autobiography, When I Was A Young Man: A Memoir.

Every year on April 25, Lucy Ward is invited to sing the song at the annual ANZAC Day service held at the Gallipoli Memorial at the National Memorial Arboretum at Alrewas. Whilst touring the country, in April 2014, Ward also performed the song to a capacity crowd at The Grand Pavilion in Matlock Bath.[3]

A version of the song appears in the ending credits of the 2016 First Person Shooter, Battlefield 1.

Recognition and awards

In 1986 the song was given a Gold Award 1986 by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA).[4]

In May 2001 the APRA, as part of its 75th Anniversary celebrations, named "And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda" as one of the Top 30 Australian songs of all time.[5][6]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Casimir, Jon (20 April 2002). "Secret life of Matilda". Music. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  2. 1 2 "Eric Bogle interview: And the man sang Waltzing Matilda". The Scotsman. 20 May 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  3. 1 2 The Name. "And the Band Played Waltzing Matilda [Eric Bogle]". Mainlynorfolk.info. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  4. ↑ "1986 Music Awards". Apra Amcos. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  5. ↑ Kruger, Debbie (2 May 2001). "The songs that resonate through the years" (PDF). Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2008. Retrieved 30 October 2008.
  6. ↑ "APRAP - Publisher News". Apra Amcos. 15 July 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2015.

External links

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