Azteca (multimedia conglomerate)
 | |
| Traded as | BMV: AZTECA |
|---|---|
| Headquarters | Mexico City |
Key people | Benjamín Salinas Sada, (CEO) |
| Revenue |
 US$ 965.3 million (2012) |
|
US$ 177.1 million (2012) | |
Number of employees | 5,655 |
| Parent | Grupo Salinas |
| Website | www.tvazteca.com/ |
Azteca, previously TV Azteca, is a Mexican multimedia conglomerate owned by Grupo Salinas. It is the second largest mass media company in Mexico after Televisa.[1][2] As of 2016, it competes nationwide in Mexico with Televisa and Imagen Televisión, and locally with some local operators. It owns two television networks, Azteca 7 and Azteca Trece, and operates a third, Proyecto 40. All three of these networks have repeaters and affiliates in most major and minor cities.
TV Azteca also operates Azteca Trece Internacional, reaching 13 countries in Central and South America, and part of the Azteca América network in the United States. Its flagship program is the newscast Hechos.
History
Azteca was founded on July 18, 1993,[3] when two of the three networks and all of the repeater stations owned by Imevisión, a state agency, were auctioned off by the Mexican government. Imevisión also owned channel 22, which was transferred to Conaculta. On July 18, 1993, Mexico's Finance Ministry, Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público (SHCP) announced that Radiotelevisora del Centro, a group controlled by Ricardo Salinas Pliego, was the winner of the auction process to acquire the "state-owned media package". The winning bid amounted to US$645 million.
In 1998, TV Azteca announced an investment of US$25 million in XHTVM-TV, which was owned by Javier Moreno Valle through the concession company Televisora del Valle de México S.A. Under the deal, Azteca restructured TVM and took control of ad sales and most programming duties while Moreno Valle's CNI news service retained some prime time space. However, in 2000, Moreno Valle broke the contract with Azteca, alleging Azteca of filling up time allotted to CNI and not fulfilling the obligations in the contract. In late 2002, Azteca used private security guards to retake control of the XHTVM facilities on Cerro del Chiquihuite in Mexico City. However, the Mexican government stepped into the dispute and forced Azteca to relinquish control of XHTVM. In 2005, an employee strike that crippled CNI, Moreno Valle's mounting legal troubles, and a deal with the 5% owner of the concession company allowed Azteca to buy the remainder of the station and retake control of XHTVM, under the name Proyecto 40, in 2006.
On 5 January 2005, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) accused TV Azteca executives (including chairman Ricardo Salinas Pliego) of having personally profited from a multimillion-dollar debt fraud committed by TV Azteca and another company in which they held stock.[4] The charges were among the first brought under the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,[4] introduced in the wake of the corporate financial scandals of that year.
The Federal Radio and Television Law (known as the Ley Televisa) was a bill concerning the licensing and regulation of the electromagnetic spectrum. The LFRT was favorable to both TV Azteca and Televisa (who together control 95 percent of all television frequencies) because it allowed them to renew their licenses without paying for them. According to The Economist, the Ley Federal de Radio y Televisión "raced through Congress confirming the country's longstanding television duopoly" and constituted a "giveaway of radio spectrum and a provision that allows broadcasting licenses to be renewed more or less automatically".[5]
On March 7, 2011, TV Azteca changed its name to Azteca, reflecting its growth into a multimedia company.[6] However, in July 2015, the TV Azteca name was restored.
In February 2012, TV Azteca networks (Azteca 7, Azteca 13, and Proyecto 40) were dropped by Mexican cable-TV carriers representing more than 4 million subscribers in a carriage dispute over terms. Cable operators claimed that Azteca wanted to charge a fee by packaging its over-the-air stations with cable networks, such as news and soap opera channels, which potentially represented a higher cost to subscribers.[7] After a nine-month absence, TV Azteca returned gradually to cable operators.[8]
TV Azteca is the second largest mass media company in México after Televisa.[9] These two big organizations control the 97% of mass media in Mexico.[9] TV Azteca was funded in 1993 by Ricardo Salinas Pliego. TV Azteca has 31% of the 465 television concessions in México.[9] The auction of the state channels and the granting of further concessions to TV Azteca further strengthen their connection. It also owns Azteca banks, Azteca insurance, Iusacell, programing pay television, cinemas, live theater, news channels, newspapers, Azteca music, an acting school, Azteca consumer products, Azteca internet, Azteca series, Azteca sports, stadiums, etc. TV Azteca is another company which also serves the government however to a much lesser extent than Televisa.[10] TV Azteca also receives lucrative contracts from the Mexican government, and therefore the information that emits is also controlled by the actual government. The news that is normally emitted by TV Azteca is 25% news bulletins that come from advertising, and infotainment relying on celebrities and biased editorials.[9]
Holdings
TV Azteca is part of the conglomerate Grupo Salinas which provides more services interest the following companies:
- Grupo Elektra: Mexican franchise departament stores.
- Banco Azteca: Bank founded in 2002 with coverage in 7 countries of Latin America.
- Seguros Azteca
- Iusacell
Acting school
The network has set up an acting school, Centro de Estudios y Formación Actoral (CEFAC). Alumni include Iliana Fox, Luis Ernesto Franco, Adriana Louvier, Fran Meric, Bárbara Mori, Laura Palma and Adrián Rubio.
Record label
The network also owns a record label, Azteca Music[11] founded 1996.[12]
See also
TV Azteca
- Azteca 7
- Azteca Trece
- XHTVM-TV
- Azteca (TV network) (Azteca's US television network)
References
- ↑ ""Televisa baja sus ganancias en primer trimestre de 2011"". Diario LaTercera (Chile). 2011-04-15. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
- ↑ http://www.maned.com/news/pressreleases/120309[]
- ↑ Goggin; Albarrán, G.;C. (2014). "Political and mobile media landscape in México: the case of #yosoy132". Continuum: Journal of media and cultural studies.
- 1 2 The New York Times > Business > Media & Advertising > Chairman of TV Azteca Is Charged With Fraud, Patrick McGeehan, New York Times, January 5, 2005.
- ↑ The Economist article on the Ley Federal de Radio y Televisión
- ↑ TV Azteca (March 7, 2011). "Azteca se renueva para ti ("Azteca renews for you")" (in Spanish). Retrieved March 14, 2011.
- ↑ TV Azteca Dropped by Mexico Cable Carriers Over Pricing Dispute
- ↑ TV Azteca regresa a cable
- 1 2 3 4 · Mahan, E. (1985). Mexican Broadcasting: Reassessing the Industry-State Relationship. Journal of Communication, 35(1), 60-75.
- ↑ Murphy, P. D. (1995, December). Television and cultural politics in México: Some notes on Televisa, the state and transnational culture. The Howard journal of communication, pp. pp. 250-
- ↑ Billboard - 25 Oct 1997 - Page 54 "The theme song of TV Azteca's new telenovela "Demasiado Corazon" was written and performed by noted salsero Willie Colon, who is signed in Mexico to Azteca's record label Azteca Music."
- ↑ Florence Toussaint Alcaraz TV sin fronteras - 1998- Page 136 "También en 1996, Televisión Azteca inició su incursión en el negocio de los discos. Azteca Music se llama la nueva compañía, que como primer título de su catálogo tiene Nada personal, tema de la telenovela del mismo nombre compuesto ...
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