Bridgeton, New Jersey

Bridgeton, New Jersey
City
City of Bridgeton

Downtown Bridgeton

Map of Bridgeton highlighted within Cumberland County. Right: Location of Cumberland County in New Jersey.

Census Bureau map of Bridgeton, New Jersey
Coordinates: 39°25′39″N 75°13′41″W / 39.427518°N 75.227954°W / 39.427518; -75.227954Coordinates: 39°25′39″N 75°13′41″W / 39.427518°N 75.227954°W / 39.427518; -75.227954[1][2]
Country  United States
State  New Jersey
County Cumberland
Incorporated March 1, 1865
Named for Bridge on Cohansey River
Government[3]
 • Type Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
 • Body City Council
 • Mayor Albert B. Kelly (term ends December 31, 2018)[4][5]
 • Administrator Stephanie R. Bush-Baskette[6]
 • Clerk Darlene Richmond[7]
Area[1]
 • Total 6.431 sq mi (16.656 km2)
 • Land 6.179 sq mi (16.003 km2)
 • Water 0.252 sq mi (0.653 km2)  3.92%
Area rank 249th of 566 in state
13th of 14 in county[1]
Elevation[8] 39 ft (12 m)
Population (2010 Census)[9][10][11]
 • Total 25,349
 • Estimate (2015)[12] 25,031
 • Rank 98th of 566 in state
3rd of 14 in county[13]
 • Density 4,102.5/sq mi (1,584.0/km2)
 • Density rank 149th of 566 in state
1st of 14 in county[13]
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (EDT) (UTC-4)
ZIP code 08302[14][15]
Area code(s) 856[16]
FIPS code 3401107600[1][17][18]
GNIS feature ID 0885169[1][19]
Website Official website

Bridgeton is a city in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States, in the southern part of the state, on the Cohansey River, near Delaware Bay. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 25,349,[9][10][11] reflecting an increase of 2,578 (+11.3%) from the 22,771 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 3,829 (+20.2%) from the 18,942 counted in the 1990 Census.[20] It is the county seat of Cumberland County.[21][22] Bridgeton, Millville, and Vineland are the three principal cities of the Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses those cities and all of Cumberland County for statistical purposes and which constitutes a part of the Delaware Valley.

History

Similar to other areas near rivers and the bay, this area was inhabited for thousands of years by indigenous peoples. At the time of European contact, Lenni-Lenape Native Americans lived in the area, following a seasonal pattern of cultivation and hunting and fishing. The state-recognized Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Indians of New Jersey maintain a cultural center here, serving a community of 12,000 in Cumberland, Gloucester and Salem counties.[23]

The first recorded European settlement in what is now Bridgeton was made by 1686 when Richard Hancock established a sawmill here.[24] Settlers established a pioneer iron-works in 1814. Bridgeton was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 3, 1845, from portions of Deerfield Township. Bridgeton city was incorporated on March 1, 1865, replacing both Bridgeton Township and Cohansey Township.[25] The city was named for its location at a bridge on the Cohansey River[26] and is said to be a corruption of "bridge town".[27]

After the American Civil War, Bridgeton's industrial base and commercial centrality in this area of high agricultural production, along with its high profile as an educational center (it was home to the South Jersey Institute, the West Jersey Academy, and two notable academies for women), made it the most prosperous town in the state. Bridgeton was home to glass factories, sewing factories, metal and machine works and other manufacturers. The most notable of these was the Ferracute Machine Works, founded and operated by Oberlin Smith, an inventive genius and philanthropist credited with inventing the first device for magnetic recording, and now in the New Jersey Inventors Hall of Fame.[28]

Bridgeton Historic District covers a quarter of the city and includes more than 2,000 properties. These range from the early Federal architecture to the 1920s, including many structures eligible for individual listing and some documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) during the 1930s. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 and is the largest such district of any municipality in New Jersey.[29]

Potter's Tavern

Although it is visually dominated by large Victorian homes and a downtown area constructed from the 1880s to the 1920s, the district, besides many neighborhoods of gingerbreaded "doubles" that were essentially working-class housing, includes several notable structures dating from the 18th century and early Federal period. One of these is Potter's Tavern, said to have been built in the 1750s, but restored to its appearance in 1776 when it was home to The Plain Dealer, considered New Jersey's first newspaper.[30] A second is Brearley (Masonic) Lodge, founded by General James Giles in 1795, and still active. A third is the so-called "Nail House" (c. 1815; second build c. 1855), administrative home of the Cumberland Nail & Iron Works that established Bridgeton's industrial prowess in the early nineteenth century. The first Cumberland National Bank building (1816), which was only the second bank chartered in New Jersey, is now part of the Bridgeton Library.[31] There is also the David Sheppard House (1791), recently restored with assistance from the Garden State Historic Trust and home to the Cousteau Coastal Center of Rutgers University since 2008.[32]

Bridgeton straddles the tidal Cohansey River and is located near the center of the Delaware Bay lowlands. It derives its name from the original movable bridge that offered the option of regular overland travel on the "King's Highway" across the Cohansey watershed region for the first time in 1716. It is said that its name went from Bridge-towne to Bridgeton in 1816-1817 owing to a printing error on documents published by the Cumberland Bank.

Bridgeton is home to numerous large municipal parks. The largest of these, consisting of pinelands, wetlands and lakes, as well as the original raceway system that provided waterpower to the mills, was formed out of the property owned and managed by the Cumberland Nail & Iron Works until 1899. Long considered a recreational area for the region even under ownership by the Iron Works, the property was finally purchased in 1902-3 by the City and preserved in perpetuity as the Bridgeton City Park. It includes three major lakes: Mary Elmer Lake, Sunset Lake, and East Lake.[33] Bridgeton Park encompasses about 1,500 acres (6.1 km2). It now includes the Cohanzick Zoo, New Jersey's oldest zoo, which is free to the public.[34]

The city suffered an economic downturn in the 1980s with the loss of its remaining manufacturing sector jobs in glass and textiles. Agricultural employment, however, has continued to attract immigrant workers largely from Mexico but also Guatemala, creating new challenges and opportunities for revitalization. A significant minority of Bridgeton residents and their children speak Zapoteco, either as their only language or alongside Spanish.[35] Downtown Bridgeton includes an art gallery, a Native American post, second hand stores, and perhaps most notably, a makerspace. The makerspace, called STEAMWorks was opened as a collaborative project between the city and the local Cumberland County College, run by the college the space offers specialized equipment and software to the public at a membership based pricing system, as well as workshops and a limited set of certification courses, no involvement with the college is required. Bridgeton Main Street declared its downtown a Culinary Arts district and is highlighting downtown activity through the food and cooking-related retail sector. Bridgeton Main Street Association is the oldest Main Street Association in the state, founded in 1990.[36]

In 2008, Rutgers opened the Cousteau Coastal Center of its Institute of Marine & Coastal Sciences in the former David Sheppard House, a base from which it coordinates cutting-edge ecological research and develops modules for environmental learning at all educational levels from elementary school upward.[37] South Woods State Prison, opened near Bridgeton in 1997, is the largest state prison in New Jersey and provides a range of employment.[38] Bridgeton is also home to the Rutgers Food Innovation Center, an entry point for startup food manufacturers that allows a new company or entrepreneur to work with a specialized team from Rutgers University to develop, test, brand, and package their product.

Geography

The Cohansey River in Bridgeton in 2006

Bridgeton is located about one hour away from Philadelphia, and 50 minutes away from Wilmington, Delaware. It is also about one hour away from Atlantic City and Cape May. Bridgeton is divided into three sections, Northside, Southside and Hillside.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 6.431 square miles (16.656 km2), including 6.179 square miles (16.003 km2) of land and 0.252 square miles (0.653 km2) of water (3.92%).[1][2]

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the city include East Lake.[39]

Bridgeton borders Upper Deerfield Township, Hopewell Township, and Fairfield Township.

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bridgeton has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[40]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18706,830—
18808,72227.7%
189011,42431.0%
190013,91321.8%
191014,2092.1%
192014,3230.8%
193015,6999.6%
194015,9921.9%
195018,37814.9%
196020,96614.1%
197020,435−2.5%
198018,795−8.0%
199018,9420.8%
200022,77120.2%
201025,34911.3%
Est. 201525,031[12][41]−1.3%
Population sources: 1870-2000[42]
1870-1920[43] 1870[44][45] 1880-1890[46]
1890-1910[47] 1870-1930[48]
1930-1990[49] 2000[50][51] 2010[9][10][11]

Census 2010

At the 2010 United States Census, there were 25,349 people, 6,265 households, and 4,304 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,102.5 per square mile (1,584.0/km2). There were 6,782 housing units at an average density of 1,097.6 per square mile (423.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 32.64% (8,274) White, 35.49% (8,996) Black or African American, 1.38% (350) Native American, 0.60% (153) Asian, 0.05% (12) Pacific Islander, 25.71% (6,518) from other races, and 4.13% (1,046) from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 43.58% (11,046) of the population.[9]

There were 6,265 households, of which 40.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.7% were married couples living together, 27.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.36 and the average family size was 3.85.[9]

In the city, 27.9% of the population were under the age of 18, 12.2% from 18 to 24, 34.6% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 7.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29.7 years. For every 100 females there were 135.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 151.6 males.[9]

The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $31,044 (with a margin of error of +/- $2,412) and the median family income was $38,750 (+/- $2,233). Males had a median income of $31,202 (+/- $3,369) versus $31,031 (+/- $2,158) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $12,418 (+/- $1,023). About 26.3% of families and 27.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.4% of those under age 18 and 15.6% of those age 65 or over.[52]

Census 2000

As of the 2000 United States Census[17] there were 22,771 people, 6,182 households, and 4,179 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,659.8 people per square mile (1,413.5/km2). There were 6,795 housing units at an average density of 1,092.1 per square mile (421.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 38.88% White, 41.84% African American, 1.19% Native American, 0.70% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 13.67% from other races, and 3.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24.49% of the population.[50][51]

There were 6,182 households out of which 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.3% were married couples living together, 26.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.4% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.49.[50][51]

In the city the population was spread out with 26.0% under the age of 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 36.0% from 25 to 44, 15.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 130.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 139.1 males.[50][51]

The median income for a household in the city was $26,923, and the median income for a family was $30,502. Males had a median income of $28,858 versus $22,722 for females. The per capita income for the city was $10,917. About 22.7% of families and 26.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 33.3% of those under age 18 and 17.8% of those age 65 or over.[50][51]

Residents in the town include numerous immigrants from Mexico, whose Amerindian languages include Zapotec, Nahuatl, and Mixtec.

Economy

Portions of Bridgeton are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone. In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3½% sales tax rate (versus the 7% rate charged statewide) at eligible merchants.[53]

Government

The Cumberland County Courthouse in Bridgeton in 2006

Local government

The City of Bridgeton is governed within the Faulkner Act system of municipal government, formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, under Mayor-Council plan A, as implemented on July 1, 1970, based on the recommendations of a Charter Study Commission.[54] Voters elect a Mayor and five City Council members. Council members are elected at-large in non-partisan elections and serve four-year concurrent terms of office in balloting held as part of the November general election.[3] Based on the results of an ordinanace passed in June 2011, Bridgeton's non-partisan elections were shifted from May to November, which first took effect with the November 2014 general election.[55]

The Mayor exercises executive power of the municipality and appoints department heads with Council approval. The Mayor may remove department heads subject to Council disapproval by ⅔ of all members, prepares the budget. The Mayor has veto over ordinances subject to override by ⅔ of all members of Council. The Mayor exercises executive power of the municipality. Up to 10 departments may be created under the Mayor's direction. A Business Administrator assists the Mayor in budget preparation and administers purchasing and personnel systems. By ordinance, the Business Administrator may supervise administration of departments, subject to Mayor's direction.

The City Council exercises legislative power of municipality and approves appointment of department heads. The Council may disapprove removal of department heads by ⅔ vote of all members and can override the Mayor's veto by ⅔ of all members. The Council selects one of its own members to serve as Council President.

As of 2016, the Mayor of Bridgeton is Albert B. Kelly, whose term of office ends on December 31, 2018. Members of the City Council are Council President J. Curtis Edwards, Gladys Lugardo-Hemple, William D. Spence, Jack Surrency and Michael D. Zapolski, Sr., all of whom are serving concurrent terms of office that end December 31, 2018.[4][56][57][58]

Federal, state and county representation

Bridgeton is located in the 2nd Congressional District[59] and is part of New Jersey's 3rd state legislative district.[10][60][61]

New Jersey's Second Congressional District is represented by Frank LoBiondo (R, Ventnor City).[62] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Cory Booker (D, Newark, term ends 2021)[63] and Bob Menendez (D, Paramus, 2019).[64][65]

For the 2016–2017 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 3rd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Stephen M. Sweeney (D, West Deptford Township) and in the General Assembly by John J. Burzichelli (D, Paulsboro) and Adam Taliaferro (D, Woolwich Township).[66] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township).[67] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[68]

Cumberland County is governed by a seven-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, who are elected at-large in partisan elections to serve staggered three-year terms in office, with two or three seats coming up for election each year. At an annual reorganization meeting held each January, the freeholders select one member to serve as Freeholder Director and another as Deputy Director.[69][70] As of 2014, Cumberland County's Freeholders (with committee liaison assignments, political party, residence and term-end dates listed in parentheses) are Freeholder Director Joseph Derella (Administration / Public Safety; D, Millville, term ends December 31, 2015),[71] Freeholder Deputy Director Douglas M. Long (NA; D, Upper Deerfield Township, 2015),[72] Darlene Barber (Education; D, 2016, Upper Deerfield Township),[73] Carol Musso (Community Services; D, Deerfield Township, 2014),[74] James Sauro (Agriculture; R, Vineland, 2014),[75] Thomas Sheppard (Health; R, Lawrence Township, 2016)[76] and Tony Surace (Public Works; D, Millville, 2014).[77][78][79][80] The county's constitutional officers are County Clerk Gloria Noto (Vineland, 2014),[81] Sheriff Robert A. Austino (Vineland, 2014)[82] and Surrogate Douglas M. Rainear (Bridgeton, 2018).[83]

The New Jersey Department of Corrections South Woods State Prison is located in Bridgeton. When officials from the City of Bridgeton heard of a state report proposing to move over 1,000 prisoners from Riverfront State Prison in Camden to South Woods, Bridgeton officials opposed the plans.[84]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 8,699 registered voters in Bridgeton, of which 2,816 (32.4%) were registered as Democrats, 772 (8.9%) were registered as Republicans and 5,104 (58.7%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 7 voters registered to other parties.[85]

In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 81.6% of the vote (4,125 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 17.6% (891 votes), and other candidates with 0.7% (37 votes), among the 5,088 ballots cast by the city's 9,034 registered voters (35 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 56.3%.[86][87] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 77.9% of the vote here (4,238 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain, who received 20.4% (1,111 votes), with 5,440 ballots cast among the city's 8,986 registered voters, for a turnout of 60.5%.[88] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 66.0% of the vote here (3,044 ballots cast), outpolling Republican George W. Bush, who received 33.6% (1,552 votes), with 4,615 ballots cast among the city's 7,978 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 57.8.[89]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Democrat Barbara Buono received 62.7% of the vote (1,513 cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 35.9% (867 votes), and other candidates with 1.4% (33 votes), among the 2,499 ballots cast by the city's 8,320 registered voters (86 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 30.0%.[90][91] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 67.2% of the vote here (1,806 ballots cast), ahead of both Republican Chris Christie with 24.1% (647 votes) and Independent Chris Daggett with 4.4% (118 votes), with 2,687 ballots cast among the city's 8,524 registered voters, yielding a 31.5% turnout.[92]

Education

Bridgeton's public schools are operated by Bridgeton Public Schools, which serve students in preschool through twelfth grade. The district is one of 31 Abbott districts statewide,[93] which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.[94][95]

As of the 2011-12 school year, the district's eight schools had an enrollment of 4,990 students and 418.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.92:1.[96] Schools in the district (with 2011-12 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[97]) are the Geraldyn O. Foster Early Childhood Center[98] (852 students in PreK), six K-8 elementary schools — Broad Street School[99] (945), Buckshutem Road School[100] (358), Cherry Street School[101] (444), Indian Avenue School[102] (571), Quarter Mile Lane School[103] (283) and West Avenue School[104] (670) — and Bridgeton High School[105] for grades 9-12 (867).[106] Students from Downe Township and some students from Lawrence Township attend the district's high school for ninth through twelfth grades as part of sending/receiving relationships; Other students from Lawrence Township are sent to Millville Senior High School.[107][108]

Transportation

Roads and highways

As of May 2010, the city had a total of 71.95 miles (115.79 km) of roadways, of which 46.36 miles (74.61 km) were maintained by the municipality, 20.62 miles (33.18 km) by Cumberland County and 4.97 miles (8.00 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[109]

Public transportation

New Jersey Transit offers service on the 410 route between Bridgeton and Philadelphia, and the 553 route between Upper Deerfield Township and Atlantic City.[110]

Airports

The following public-use airports are located in Bridgeton:

Places of interest

Old Broad Street Presbyterian

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Bridgeton include:

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  2. 1 2 US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  3. 1 2 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 19.
  4. 1 2 Mayor and City Council, Bridgeton, New Jersey. Accessed June 30, 2016.
  5. ↑ 2016 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed June 14, 2016.
  6. ↑ Department of Administration, City of Bridgeton. Accessed September 4, 2016.
  7. ↑ City Clerk, City of Bridgeton. Accessed June 30, 2016.
  8. ↑ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: City of Bridgeton, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 4, 2013.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Bridgeton city, Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Municipalities Grouped by 2011-2020 Legislative Districts, New Jersey Department of State, p. 2. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  11. 1 2 3 Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Bridgeton city, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  12. 1 2 PEPANNRES - Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015 - 2015 Population Estimates for New Jersey municipalities, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 22, 2016.
  13. 1 2 GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 11, 2012.
  14. ↑ Look Up a ZIP Code for Bridgeton, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed December 1, 2011.
  15. ↑ Zip Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  16. ↑ Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Bridgeton, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  17. 1 2 American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  18. ↑ A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed July 8, 2012.
  19. ↑ US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  20. ↑ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  21. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  22. ↑ Cape May County, NJ, National Association of Counties. Accessed January 20, 2013.
  23. ↑ Marine, Jaime. "Annual Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Pow-Wow coming to Salem County Fairgrounds", Today's Sunbeam, June 9, 2010. Accessed July 9, 2012. "'The main purpose of the Pow-Wow is to educate the American public about the rich history of the Native Americans,' Gail Gould, of the Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Tribal Office in Bridgeton, said Wednesday. 'It is also like a big family reunion for us.' According to Gould, there are more than 12,000 members of the Lenape tribe throughout Salem, Gloucester and Cumberland counties."
  24. ↑ Historic Bridgeton Walking Tour; New Jersey's Largest Historic District, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed November 8, 2016.
  25. ↑ Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 119. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  26. ↑ Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed August 27, 2015.
  27. ↑ Gannett, Henry. The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States, p. 37. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed August 27, 2015.
  28. 1 2 Staff. "Rites for Oberlin Smith Held.", The New York Times, July 22, 1926. Accessed July 8, 2012. "The funeral of Oberlin Smith, Bridgeton's most distinguished citizen and inventor of international note, took place this afternoon from Lockwold, his late residence on the shore of East Lake."
  29. ↑ Staff. "BRIDGETON HISTORIC DISTRICT / Managing the past", The Press of Atlantic City, November 6, 2007. Accessed July 8, 2012. "Funkhouser's story mirrors the problems facing the entire historic district in Bridgeton. Drawn up in 1982, the district covers almost a quarter of the city and is the largest contiguous historic district in the state."
  30. ↑ Arney, Pat. "PRESERVING BRIDGETON'S HISTORY / HISTORICAL SOCIETY SAYS POTTER'S TAVERN NEEDS A LOT OF WORK", The Press of Atlantic City, August 26, 1993. Accessed July 9, 2012. "It was New Jersey's first newspaper. Called the "Plain Dealer," the hand-written paper came out weekly between Dec. 25, 1775, and Feb. 12, 1776, at Potter's Tavern, a gathering spot for the local firebrands that still stands today, across from the Cumberland County Courthouse on West Broad Street."
  31. ↑ Cumberland Bank Building, New Jersey Historic Trust. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  32. ↑ Cousteau Center at Bridgeton, Rutgers University Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  33. ↑ Parks and Recreation, City of Bridgeton. Accessed November 8, 2016.
  34. ↑ Cohanzick Zoo... "New Jersey's First Zoo" , City of Bridgeton. Accessed November 8, 2016.
  35. ↑ New Jersey School Performance Report for the Bridgeton School District, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed May 31, 2015.
  36. ↑ Adomaitis, Greg. "Bridgeton Main Street president receives inaugural award", South Jersey Times, February 2, 2012. Accessed May 31, 2015. "Fellow BMSA members and co-workers turned their attention to their president and member of five years, who leads the oldest Main Street association in the state.... The Main Street effort was instituted nationally around the late-1970s and was officially incorporated here in 1990."
  37. ↑ Cousteau Center at Bridgeton, Cousteau Center at Bridgeton. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  38. ↑ Barlas, Thomas. "Cumberland County banking on prisons for economic stability", The Press of Atlantic City, July 3, 2013. Accessed October 7, 2013. "Those prisoners - the county will accept between 100 and 350, depending on space - will join thousands of inmates lodged in three state prisons located in Cumberland County. Bayside State Prison and Southern State Correctional Facility in Maurice River Township and South Woods State Prison in Bridgeton house about a third of the more than 23,100 inmates in all of the state's prisons."
  39. ↑ Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed May 21, 2015.
  40. ↑ Climate Summary for Bridgeton, New Jersey
  41. ↑ Census Estimates for New Jersey April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 22, 2016.
  42. ↑ Barnett, Bob. Population Data for Cumberland County Municipalities, 1810 - 2000, West Jersey.org, January 6, 2011. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  43. ↑ Compendium of censuses 1726-1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905, New Jersey Department of State, 1906. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  44. ↑ Raum, John O. The History of New Jersey: From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, Volume 1, p. 269, J. E. Potter and company, 1877. Accessed October 7, 2013. "Bridgeton, the county town, contains three wards, and is located in Bridgeton township. Its population in 1850 was 2,446; in 1860, 3,595; and in 1870, 6,830. Previous to 1747, it formed a portion of Salem county "
  45. ↑ Staff. A compendium of the ninth census, 1870, p. 258. United States Census Bureau, 1872. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  46. ↑ Porter, Robert Percival. Preliminary Results as Contained in the Eleventh Census Bulletins: Volume III - 51 to 75, p. 97. United States Census Bureau, 1890. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  47. ↑ Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890, United States Census Bureau, p. 336. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  48. ↑ Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I, p. 710, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 1, 2011.
  49. ↑ New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Bridgeton city, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  51. 1 2 3 4 5 DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Bridgeton city, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  52. ↑ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Bridgeton city, Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 9, 2012.
  53. ↑ Geographic & Urban Redevelopment Tax Credit Programs: Urban Enterprise Zone Employee Tax Credit, State of New Jersey, backed up by the Internet Archive as of January 3, 2010. Accessed December 1, 2011.
  54. ↑ "The Faulkner Act: New Jersey's Optional Municipal Charter Law" Archived October 12, 2013, at the Wayback Machine., New Jersey State League of Municipalities, July 2007. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  55. ↑ [ecode360.com/15321683 City Code Chapter 19: Elections], City of Bridgeton. Accessed June 9, 2015. "In accordance with N.J.S.A. 40:45-5 et seq., the 'Uniform Nonpartisan Election Law,' after January 1, 2011, election of municipal officers will be held at regular general elections to be held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November."
  56. ↑ 2016 Municipal User Friendly Budget, Bridgeton, New Jersey. Accessed June 30, 2016.
  57. ↑ 2016 Directory of Cumberland County, New Jersey, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed June 30, 2016.
  58. ↑ Cumberland CountyGeneral - November 4, 2014 Official Results, Cumberland County, New Jersey, updated March 17, 2015. Accessed June 30, 2016.
  59. ↑ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  60. ↑ 2016 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, p. 55, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed July 20, 2016.
  61. ↑ Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  62. ↑ Directory of Representatives: New Jersey, United States House of Representatives. Accessed January 5, 2012.
  63. ↑ About Cory Booker, United States Senate. Accessed January 26, 2015. "He now owns a home and lives in Newark's Central Ward community."
  64. ↑ Biography of Bob Menendez, United States Senate, January 26, 2015. "He currently lives in Paramus and has two children, Alicia and Robert."
  65. ↑ Senators of the 114th Congress from New Jersey. United States Senate. Accessed January 26, 2015. "Booker, Cory A. - (D - NJ) Class II; Menendez, Robert - (D - NJ) Class I"
  66. ↑ Legislative Roster 2016-2017 Session, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 17, 2016.
  67. ↑ "About the Governor". State of New Jersey. Retrieved 2010-01-21.
  68. ↑ "About the Lieutenant Governor". State of New Jersey. Retrieved 2010-01-21.
  69. ↑ What is a County Freeholder?, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014. "Freeholders are elected at-large and serve three year staggered terms. Each January, the Board reorganizes and selects its leadership."
  70. ↑ About Cumberland County Government, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014. "By law, Cumberland County is allowed 7 freeholders, who serve staggered, overlapping three year terms. Two are elected in two successive years, three in the third year, elected from the county at-large. A Director of the Board is selected by his colleagues for a one year term."
  71. ↑ Joseph Derella, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  72. ↑ Douglas Long, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  73. ↑ Darlene Barber, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  74. ↑ Carol Musso, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  75. ↑ James R. Sauro, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  76. ↑ Thomas Sheppard, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  77. ↑ Tony Surace, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  78. ↑ County Freeholders, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  79. ↑ 2014 County Data Sheet, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  80. ↑ Marko, Deborah M.; and Kov, Daniel. "GOP keeps two seats on freeholder boardRainear re-elected as surrogate; Mercado ousted", The Daily Journal (New Jersey), November 6, 2013. Accessed July 28, 2014. "GOP candidate Tom Sheppard wins a three-year seat. His running mate, James Sauro, wins a one-year seat. The pair will be the only GOP representatives on the seven-member freeholder board. Darlene Barber, a Democrat in her first race, won the other three-year freeholder seat that was available.... In the surrogate race, incumbent Democrat Douglas Rainear defeated Republican newcomer Timothy Codispoti."
  81. ↑ Cumberland County Clerk's Office, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  82. ↑ Cumberland County Sheriff's Department, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014.
  83. ↑ Cumberland County Surrogate Office, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 28, 2014. As of date accessed, a 2013 term-end year is listed incorrectly.
  84. ↑ Martins, John. "Bridgeton doesn't want Camden's state inmates." The Press of Atlantic City. May 23, 2007. Accessed September 27, 2011. "City officials on Tuesday night condemned what they say is a state plan to relocate more than 1,000 inmates from Camden's Riverfront State Prison to one of the county's three state prisons."
  85. ↑ Voter Registration Summary - Cumberland, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed October 22, 2012.
  86. ↑ "Presidential General Election Results - November 6, 2012 - Cumberland County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  87. ↑ "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 6, 2012 - General Election Results - Cumberland County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  88. ↑ 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Cumberland County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed October 22, 2012.
  89. ↑ 2004 Presidential Election: Cumberland County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed October 22, 2012.
  90. ↑ "Governor - Cumberland County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  91. ↑ "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 5, 2013 - General Election Results - Cumberland County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  92. ↑ 2009 Governor: Cumberland County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed October 22, 2012.
  93. ↑ Abbott School Districts, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed June 1, 2016. Accessed December 1, 2011.
  94. ↑ About SDA, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed November 8, 2016
  95. ↑ SDA Capital Program, New Jersey Schools Development Authority. Accessed November 8, 2016.
  96. ↑ District information for Bridgeton School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed December 21, 2014.
  97. ↑ School Data for the Bridgeton Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed December 21, 2014.
  98. ↑ Geraldyn O. Foster Early Childhood Center, Bridgeton Public Schools. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  99. ↑ Broad Street School, Bridgeton Public Schools. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  100. ↑ Buckshutem Road School, Bridgeton Public Schools. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  101. ↑ Cherry Street School, Bridgeton Public Schools. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  102. ↑ Indian Avenue School, Bridgeton Public Schools. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  103. ↑ Quarter Mile Lane School, Bridgeton Public Schools. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  104. ↑ West Avenue School, Bridgeton Public Schools. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  105. ↑ Bridgeton High School, Bridgeton Public Schools. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  106. ↑ New Jersey School Directory for the Bridgeton Public Schools, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed October 6, 2013.
  107. ↑ Region Profile - Western/Southern Cumberland Region Strategic Plan, Cumberland Development Corporation, January 2003. Accessed December 21, 2014. "Students in grades 9-12 residing in Commercial, Maurice River and a portion of Lawrence Townships attend Millville High School. Students in Bridgeton, Downe and a portion of Lawrence Township attend Bridgeton High School."
  108. ↑ Staff. "Bridgeton High School", South Jersey magazine. Accessed December 21, 2014. "Bridgeton High School provides opportunities for students from Bridgeton, Lawrence Township and Downe Township in Cumberland County to become members of society who are thoughtful, informed, involved and committed to life-long learning."
  109. ↑ Cumberland County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.
  110. ↑ South Jersey Transit Guide, Cross County Connection, as of April 1, 2010. Accessed December 15, 2014.
  111. ↑ Old Broad Street Church, First Presbyterian Church of Bridgeton, NJ. Accessed November 8, 2016. "This was the first church erected in Bridge Town; the cornerstone was laid in 1792. It was finished and first used for worship in 1795, but not before funds were raised by a state-wide lottery to complete the building. "
  112. ↑ Potter's Tavern, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed November 8, 2016.
  113. ↑ The Plain Dealer, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed November 8, 2016.
  114. ↑ Chestnut, Bill. Bridgeton: In and Around the Old County Town, p. 34. Arcadia Publishing, 1996. ISBN 9780752404677. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  115. ↑ New Sweden Farmstead Museum, Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  116. ↑ Colman, David. "His Guiding Light? Mom, of Course", The New York Times, December 7, 2012. Accessed December 9, 2012. "One might guess that Mr. Adler, 46, who studied semiotics at Brown University and ceramics at the Rhode Island School of Design, had developed his careful balancing act of cynicism and sincerity — cynicerity, for short — as an adult. But, it turns out, he had a lucky star guiding him right from the day he was born. A wholly artificial star, of course: the chandelier that hung above his family's dining table in their house in Bridgeton, N.J."
  117. ↑ Freeman, Joseph H. Twenty-Second Biennial Report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction of the State of Illinois; July 1, 1896 - June 30, 1898, p. 69. The Superintendent, 1898. Accessed December 21, 2014. "Newton Bateman, of English ancestry, was born in Bridgeton, county seat of a southern county of New Jersey, July 27, 1822, and was a little over seventy-five years old at his death October 21, 1897."
  118. ↑ Ella Reeve Bloor, Encyclopædia Britannica. Accessed September 24, 2007
  119. ↑ Bodine, Frank Lee (1874-1964) , Philadelphia Architects and Buildings. Accessed December 21, 2014. "Frank L. Bodine was born in Bridgeton, NJ, the son of J. Nixon and Annie Alexander Millikan Bodine."
  120. ↑ BROWN, Charles, (1797 - 1883), Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed December 21, 2014. "born in Philadelphia, Pa., September 23, 1797; attended the public schools; in early boyhood moved with his father to Cumberland County, N.J., and resided near Bridgeton"
  121. ↑ "Breaking new ground with environmental pioneer, Lester R. Brown", WHYY-FM, December 12, 2013. Accessed December 21, 2014.
  122. ↑ Brown, Scott. "Bridgeton's Davy Runs Wild At States The Jamaica Native Set Records In The 200 And 400. Her Coach Thinks She Will Only Improve.", The Philadelphia Inquirer, June 1, 1998. Accessed December 21, 2014. "That's because Bridgeton's Nadia Davy eclipsed their times in the 200 and 400 to set both records."
  123. ↑ Arney, Pat. "HORROR-FICTION WRITER FOUNDS CREATIVE SOCIETY", The Press of Atlantic City, July 18, 1994. Accessed February 20, 2011. "Julie Ann Dawson, a budding horror-fiction writer and poet, found herself in a "creative void" after she graduated from Rowan College last year. At college she had many opportunities to socialize with fellow creative artists, said the 22-year-old Bridgeton resident, such as the English honor society, the student honors organization, the Literary Forum, and the school magazine, Venue."
  124. ↑ McGarry,Michael. "Bridgeton's Braheme Days Jr. third in shot put at World Junior Track and Field Championships", The Press of Atlantic City, Julyu 24, 2014. Accessed December 21, 2014. "Bridgeton's Braheme Days Jr. finished third Thursday night in the shot put at the IAAF World Junior Track and Championships in Eugene, Ore.... Days Jr., a 2013 Bridgeton High School graduate, put himself in position to win the world title by finishing first in his heat and second overall with a throw of 64 feet, 4 inches in the preliminaries."
  125. ↑ Lucius Quintius Cincinnatus Elmer, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 20, 2007.
  126. ↑ Assembly Member Douglas H. Fisher, Project Vote Smart. Accessed August 8, 2007.
  127. ↑ Hummel, jack. "The Story of Bridgeton: Joan Dare Ballinger's Bridgeton", South Jersey Times, December 12, 2011. Accessed December 21, 2014. "James Galanos, the known clothes designer, had a restaurant downtown and we'd always have lunch before we went back to work with the money."
  128. ↑ News Journal of Mansfield, Ohio, January 29, 1968
  129. ↑ Scannell, John James. Scannell's New Jersey's First Citizens and State Guide: Biographies of the Notable Living Men and Women of New Jersey with informing glimpses into the State's History, Affairs, Officialism and Institutions 1919-1920 (Volume II), p. 198. J. J. Scannell, 1919. Accessed November 30, 2013. "EDWARD E GROSSCUP - Wenonah - Real Estate. Born in Bridgeton, August 2, 1860; son of Charles C. and Anna D. Grosscup."
  130. ↑ James Giles Hampton, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 25, 2007
  131. ↑ Charles Harris, Find a Grave. Accessed February 20, 2012.
  132. ↑ Colonel Charles L. Harris, 11th Wisconsin Civil War Regiment, July 9, 2007. Accessed October 22, 2012. "Charles L. Harris, born August 24th, 1834 in Bridgeton, New Jersey, was a prominent Madison resident when the war broke out."
  133. ↑ Class of 1904 - Rutgers College - History to 1907, p. 12. Accessed December 21, 2014. "ALFRED ELLET HITCHNER. ... Before entering college lived at Clayton, N. J., and Bridgeton, N. J. Prepared at Bridgeton High School and West Jersey Academy."
  134. ↑ Weinberg, David. "PRO FOOTBALL / SURPRISE! BRIDGETON CELEBRATES GEORGE JAMISON'S LONG NFL CAREER", The Press of Atlantic City, August 22, 2000. Accessed October 22, 2012. "One of the reasons George Jamison was able to play in the NFL for 13 seasons was that he was seldom surprised. As an outside linebacker for the Detroit Lions and Kansas City Chiefs, the Bridgeton native was rarely caught out of position, even when faced with the most creative trick plays."
  135. ↑ George Jamison player profile, database Football. Accessed July 29, 2007
  136. ↑ via Associated Press. "Yanks Swamp 'Hawks, 31-0", St. Petersburg Times, December 10, 1946. Accessed June 7, 2011. "The Yanks opened the scoring midway in the first quarter when Harvey Johnson, of Bridgeton, N. J., booted a field goal be tween the uprights from the Miami 45 yard line."
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  138. ↑ Koffman, Jack. "Newest Rider here air express - Vrison Manor to face Esimos", Ottawa Citizen, September 17, 1975. Accessed October 22, 2012. "GM Frank Clair spoke to Manor, a graduate of University of Arkansas, yesterday morning at his home in Bridgeton, New Jersey, and arranged to have him fly here immediately."
  139. ↑ Brison Manor, database Football. Accessed October 24, 2007.
  140. ↑ Sims, Gayle Ronan. "Harold E. Pierce Jr., 84, dermatologist, surgeon", The Philadelphia Inquirer, November 4, 2006. Accessed December 21, 2014. "He was born in the Art Museum area, and his mother died when he was 7. His father decided the best situation for his son was to be raised by his paternal grandparents in Bridgeton, N.J. He graduated from Bridgeton High School in 1939 and earned a bachelor's degree in science in 1943 from Lincoln University and a medical degree in 1946 from Howard University."
  141. ↑ "COLORADO RAPIDS DEAL STEVE RAMMEL TO METROSTARS FOR 1999 FIRST-ROUND SUPPLEMENTAL DRAFT CHOICE", SoccerNews Online, March 5, 1998. Accessed May 23, 2008.
  142. ↑ Floyd Reid, The Pro Football Archives. Accessed December 21, 2014.
  143. ↑ Celeste Riley, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed November 1, 2010.
  144. ↑ New Jersey Governor Elias Pettit Seeley, National Governors Association. Accessed July 29, 2007.
  145. ↑ Oberlin Smith: Biography, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Global History Network. Accessed November 2, 2010.
  146. ↑ Staff. "John Spoltore Dies at 52; G.O.P. Chairman of Jersey", The New York Times, December 12, 1973. Accessed December 21, 2014. "John Spoltore, Republican state chairman, died early today of a heart attack at St. Francis Hospital. He was 52 years old and lived in Bridgeton, where he served as Mayor from 1953 to 1957."
  147. ↑ Taniguchi, lauren T. "Forbes 30 Under 30 list features technology leader Aharon Wasserman of Bridgeton", South Jersey Times, December 20, 2011. Accessed December 21, 2014. "Alongside young virtuosos like Lady Gaga, LeBron James and the Olsen twins, Bridgeton's own Aharon Wasserman is featured as one to watch."
  148. ↑ Hadden, Doug. "Bridgeton Athlete Takes 3 Events In Girls' Track", The Philadelphia Inquirer, May 8, 1988. Accessed December 21, 2014. "Bridgeton High's Shana Williams won three events, and Kingsway was an easy winner in the team competition, highlighting yesterday's 16th annual Pennsauken-South Jersey Open track meet for girls."

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