Cieszyn Silesian dialect

Rest in peace grave inscription in Cieszyn Silesian dialect.
A poster of a folklore event ("Sheep shearing") in Cieszyn Silesian dialect.

Cieszyn Silesian dialect (Polish: gwara cieszyńska or dialekt cieszyński; Czech: těšínské nářečí, locals using this dialect say they speak "po naszymu") is one of the Silesian dialects. It has its roots mainly in Polish and also has strong influences from Czech and German and, to a lesser extent, from Vlach and Slovak. It is spoken in Cieszyn Silesia, a region on both sides of the Polish-Czech border. It lacks some official codification and remains a spoken language. The dialect is better preserved today than dialects of many other West Slavic regions.[1]

Polish and Czech linguists differ in their views on the classification of the dialect. Most Czech linguists classify it as a "mixed Czech-Polish dialect" (nářečí polsko-českého smíšeného pruhu).[2] Polish linguists tend to classify it under the Silesian dialects of Polish language.[3] Although the dialect has its roots mainly in Polish (phonology and morphology are consistently shared with Polish),[4] the diachronic development of the dialect is of a transitional nature.[1]

On the Czech side of the border (in Zaolzie) it is spoken mainly by the Polish minority.[5] It is used in Zaolzie to reinforce a feeling of regional solidarity. Before World War II the dialect, like all Silesian dialects, was strongly influenced mainly by the German language, as a significant proportion of the urban population were Germans. In 1920 Cieszyn Silesia was divided between Poland and Czechoslovakia. After that division the dialect in the Czech part of the region was and still is strongly influenced mainly by the Czech language (mainly lexicon and syntax),[4] with most new vocabulary, aside from English loanwords, borrowed from Czech.[6] On the other hand, in the Polish part it was and still is influenced by the Polish language.[7]

Writers and poets who wrote in Cieszyn Silesian dialect include Adolf Fierla, Paweł Kubisz, Władysław Młynek, Józef Ondrusz, Karol Piegza and Adam Wawrosz.

Example text

The Lord's Prayer in the Cieszyn Silesian dialect, with Czech and Polish for comparison:

Cieszyn Silesian Polish Czech
Ojcze nasz, kjery żeś je w niebje,
bóndź pośwjyncóne mjano Twoji.
Przyńdź królestwo Twoje,
bóndź wola Twoja,
jako w niebje, tak też na źymji.
Chlyb nasz każdodźienny dej nóm dźiśej.
A odpuść nóm nasze winy,
jako my odpuszczómy naszym winńikum.
A nie wodź nas na pokuszeni,
ale zbow nas od złego.
Amen.
Ojcze nasz, który jesteś w niebie,
święć się imię Twoje,
przyjdź królestwo Twoje,
bądź wola Twoja
jako w niebie tak i na ziemi.
Chleba naszego powszedniego daj nam dzisiaj.
I odpuść nam nasze winy,
jak i my odpuszczamy naszym winowajcom.
I nie wódź nas na pokuszenie,
ale nas zbaw ode Złego.
Amen.
Otče náš, jenž jsi na nebesích,
posvěť se jméno Tvé
Přijď království Tvé.
Buď vůle Tvá,
jako v nebi, tak i na zemi.
Chléb náš vezdejší dej nám dnes.
A odpusť nám naše viny,
jako i my odpouštíme naším viníkům
a neuveď nás v pokušení,
ale zbav nás od zlého.
Amen.

See also

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 Hannan 1996, 191.
  2. ↑ Hannan 1996, 85-86.
  3. ↑ Hannan 1996, 88.
  4. 1 2 Hannan 1996, 129.
  5. ↑ Hannan 1996, 162.
  6. ↑ Kennedy, Paul (2002). Communities Across Borders: New Immigrants and Transnational Cultures. Routledge. p. 119. ISBN 0415252938.
  7. ↑ Hannan 1996, 159-161.

References

Further reading

External links

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