Darwinia citriodora

Lemon-scented darwinia
Darwinia citriodora foliage and flowers
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Darwinia
Species: D. citriodora
Binomial name
Darwinia citriodora
(Endl.) Benth.[1]
Synonyms[1]

Darwinia citriodora, commonly known as lemon-scented darwinia, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with oblong to lance-shaped leaves and red, yellow and orange flowers over an extended period. It is a hardy plant in well-drained soil, is often cultivated and used as a rootstock for less hardy species.

Description

Darwinia citriodora is a compact shrub which grows to a height and width of 1–1.5 metres (3–5 ft). The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs along the stems, 6–12 millimetres (0.2–0.5 in) long, lance-shaped to oval with a blunt tip and with their edges rolled under. They are usually a rich green colour but often turn purplish during winter. The leaves have obvious oil glands on their lower surface and have a pleasant lemon scent when crushed. The flowers are arranged in groups of four near the ends of the branches, each group surrounded by reddish-green, leaf-like bracts. Individual flowers are small, tube-shaped and yellow with the petals enclosing the stamens. The style is about 10 millimetres (0.4 in) long, red to yellow and extends beyond the flower, with its brush-like tip curving towards the centre of the group of flowers. Flowering occurs between May and December.[2][3]

Plate 2 from A Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony; Hedaroma latifolium (now D. citriodora) is on the right.

Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1837 by Stefan Endlicher who gave it the name Genetyllis citriodora. The description was published in Enumeratio plantarum quas in Novae Hollandiæ ora austro-occidentali ad fluvium Cygnorum et in sinu Regis Georgii collegit Carolus Liber Baro de Hügel.[4][5] In 1865, George Bentham changed the name to Darwinia citriodora and published the change in Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany.[1] The specific epithet (citriodora) is derived from the Latin words citrea meaning "lemon"[6]:206 and odora meaning "smell" or "scent".[6]:720

Distribution and habitat

Lemon-scented darwinia occurs in near-coastal areas between the Swan River and Cape Riche in the Esperance Plain, Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren biogeographic regions where in grows in lateritic or granitic soils.[7][8]

Use in horticulture

Darwinia citriodora has been available in nurseries for many years and a variety with larger than normal flowers has been produced.[3] It is easily propagated from cuttings which are best obtained at the end of summer or early autumn.[2] It is valuable as a rootstock for other species, especially those from the genera Verticordia, Chamelaucium and Actinodium as well as for other species of Darwinia.[9][10]

Conservation

Darwinia citriodora is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife.[7]

Gallery

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Darwinia citriodora". APNI. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  2. 1 2 "Darwinia citriodora". Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  3. 1 2 Howes, Jeff. "Darwinia citriodora". The Australian Plants Society. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  4. ↑ "Genetyllis citriodora". APNI. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  5. ↑ Endlicher, Stefan (1837). Enumeratio plantarum quas in Novae Hollandiae ora austro-occidentali ad fluvium Cygnorum et in Sinu Regis Georgii collegit Carolus liber baro de Hugel. pp. 47–48. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  6. 1 2 Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
  7. 1 2 "Darwinia citriodora". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  8. ↑ Paczkowska, Grazyna; Chapman, Alex R. (2000). The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue. Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. p. 360. ISBN 0646402439.
  9. ↑ Hewett, Max. "Verticordia in the Garden". Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  10. ↑ McKenzie, Doug. "Growing Darwinia....Grafted for Reliability". The Society for Growing Australian Plants. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
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