Emanuel Hahn

Emanuel Otto Hahn
Born 30 May 1881
Reutlingen, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire
Died February 14, 1957(1957-02-14) (aged 75)
Nationality German-Canadian
Known for Sculptor and coin designer

Emanuel Otto Hahn (30 May 1881 – 14 February 1957) was a German-born Canadian sculptor and coin designer. He taught and later married Elizabeth Wyn Wood. He co-founded and was the first president of the Sculptors' Society of Canada.

Biography

Education and training

Hahn was born in Reutlingen (today a part of Baden-Württemberg, Germany) and moved to Toronto in 1888 with his family. He studied modelling and commercial design at the Toronto Technical School and Ontario College of Art as well as Industrial Design from 1899-1903. In 1901, he was hired by the McIntosh Marble and Granite Company where he created the bronze reliefs on various monuments. Hahn then went on to study in Stuttgart, Germany in 1903, he pursued art and design at the local school of art and design and the Polytechnical School, and briefly apprenticed in the studio of a sculptor teaching at the academy.

From 1908 to 1912 Hahn was a studio assistant to sculptor Walter Seymour Allward, helping in the construction of Allward's South African War Memorial the Alexander Graham Bell Telephone Memorial of Brantford and the Baldwin-Lafontaine Monument on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. In 1912 he was hired as a modeling instructor at the Ontario College of Art, ultimately heading the sculpture department until his retirement in 1951.

He was made a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts[1]

Personal life

Hahn married his former student Elizabeth Wyn Wood in 1926. The couple had one daughter [2] and lived in Toronto at 159 Glen Road.[3]

10 Canadian cent engraved by Hahn
Obverse: Elizabeth II surrounded with the inscription "ELIZABETH II D • G • REGINA" (Elizabeth II, Queen by the grace of God). Reverse: Bluenose under sail (Canadian schooner) from Nova Scotia, face value and country name.

Career and official commissions

After the First World War Hahn gained fame for his war memorial designs as communities sought to honour their veterans with cenotaphs and memorial sculptures.[8] He designed a monument on the theme of a realistic soldier figure "going over the top" in Saint-Lambert, Quebec and a meditating figure of Tommy in his Greatcoat in Lindsay, Ontario.[9] Hahn's winning proposal for the city of Winnipeg's war memorial caused a national controversy when the sculptor's German ancestry was revealed in 1925. Hahn was forced to relinquish the commission, although he was able to keep the prize money. Controversy erupted again when the competition was reopened and his wife Elizabeth Wyn Wood won the contract for the memorial. Critics condemned Wood for using her maiden name in the competition and accused her of copying her husband's design. She was also forced to withdraw from the contract and the memorial was awarded to the third-place winner.

Hahn’s career was not significantly harmed, however, since he received wide press coverage, some of which condemned the city of Winnipeg because Hahn was a naturalized Canadian citizen. The following year he was awarded the contract for the Edward Hanlan monument (1926), erected on the Canadian National Exhibition grounds, and moved to the Toronto Islands in 2004.[10] In 1929 he won the competition for a memorial to Sir Adam Beck, his most important and largest monumental project, unveiled in 1934 on University Avenue, Toronto.

Hahn was a member of The Arts and Letters Club of Toronto and served as the first President of the Sculptors' Society of Canada, which he established with Frances Loring, Florence Wyle and Elizabeth Wyn Wood in 1928. Membership in the sculptors' society permitted Hahn to exhibit smaller sculptures independently of museums and galleries.

The Ontario Heritage Foundation plaque for the South African War Memorial (Toronto) erroneously states that Walter Seymour Allward studied under Emanuel Hahn, when in fact it was the contrary.

James Saull, who constructed the Oak Bay, British Columbia Cenotaph in 1948, studied under Emanuel Hahn.[11]

Coin design

Among the coins of Canada, Hahn designed the famous Voyageur Dollar, which depicts a fur-trapper (coureur de bois) from the Hudson's Bay Company and an Inuit man (who just happened to have been down south on vacation) in a canoe with the Northern Lights in the background; the famous Nova Scotia racing schooner Bluenose on the 10-cent coin; the caribou head on the 25-cent coin; and the Canadian Parliament Buildings reverse of the 1939 Royal Visit silver dollar.

Portraits by other artists

Hahn was the subject of a larger than life-size (56 cm) bust by his former student Elizabeth Bradford Holbrook entitled Head of Emanuel Hahn. The sculpture was purchased by the National Gallery of Canada in 1962 for its permanent collection. The bust in the National Gallery is the only bronze cast; a plaster version is in a private collection.[12]

See also

References

Citations
  1. ↑ "Members since 1880". Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  2. ↑ Hahn and Wife, Sculptors, Maclean's Magazine, November 1, 1945
  3. ↑ Emanuel Hahn (March 1943), Artists Information Form, The National Gallery of Canada
  4. ↑ "Stolen plaque replaced in St. Lambert". Canada.com. Montreal Gazette. Retrieved 24 January 2015.
  5. ↑ http://www.mountpleasantgroup.com/new/interest/stories/archives/empress
  6. ↑ http://www.ngnews.ca/News/Local/2014-03-14/article-3650209/WWI-sculpture-enthusiast-believes-Westville%26rsquo%3Bs-memorial-is-the-best-in-the-country/1
  7. ↑ Gaspé War Memorial (1921)
  8. ↑ Baker, Victoria. "The Canadian Encyclopedia". Retrieved 2009-04-06.
  9. ↑ http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0009128 Canadian Encyclopedia Monuments, World Wars I and II
  10. ↑ Safieddine, Hicham. "The Toronto Star: Facts and Figures". Retrieved 2009-04-06.
  11. ↑ http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/nic-inm/sm-rm/mdsr-rdr-eng.asp?PID=145
  12. ↑ The National Gallery of Canada 1961-1962 Annual Report, Queen's Printer and Controller of Stationary, Ottawa 1962
Bibliography
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