English Longhorn

For other uses, see Longhorn (disambiguation).

English Longhorn Cattle
Traits
English Longhorn cow and calf
Country of origin	England
Distribution	UK, Ireland, Germany and New Zealand
Use	Beef, formerly draught and dairy
Weight	Male: 1000 kg
	Female: 500-600 kg
Height	Male: 150 cm
	Female: 130-140 cm
Coat	Red, brown or grey and white; often blotched in areas.
Horn status	Long, cream horns that curve around the face.
Cattle Bos primigenius

English Longhorn cattle are a long-horned brown and white breed of beef cattle originating from Craven, in the north of England. The breed was initially used as a draught animal, which its body is well suited for; the milk was also collected for butter and cheese because of its high butterfat content. An individual farmer would have owned one or two cows; these would have been accompanied by a bull owned by the Lord of the Manor.^[1] The notable long, curved horns that serve to distinguish this breed from others can make an individual appear aggressive, although by temperament they are usually friendly. Longhorns live surprisingly longer than other breeds of cattle and are also known for calving with ease. They have a white patch along the line of their spine and under their bellies.

A Longhorn bull

They are not to be confused with the Texas Longhorn breed, which is also often called "Longhorn cattle" or "Longhorns".

Though long-horned oxen were already predominant in Craven in the 16th and 17th centuries, the English Longhorn breed was much improved for beef by Robert Bakewell of Dishley, when large amounts of meat were needed to feed people who had moved to towns and cities in the Industrial Revolution.^[2] His selective breeding made the "Dishley Longhorn" very popular towards the end of the 18th century. The breed is still to be found in Leicestershire at the Stanley's Springbarrow Farm, at Thoresby Estate in Nottinghamshire and a small herd has been re-introduced at Calke Abbey, in Derbyshire, where the Harpur-Crewe family had traditionally kept them.

Difference from Texas Longhorns

English Longhorns have curved horns that tend to grow down around the face, framing it, whereas Texas Longhorns' horns usually grow up and out, away from the face. Texas Longhorn cattle can be any colour a cow can be other than blue-roan, while English Longhorns are only brown and white.

Gallery

References

↑ "English Longhorn". Retrieved 15 February 2014.
↑ "English Longhorn - History". Retrieved 15 February 2014.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Longhorn cattle.

Beef and veal

Beef cattle

Breeds	Aberdeen Angus Anatolian Black Arouquesa Bonsmara Brahman Brangus Caracu Frankeston Gascon Gyr Han-u Hereford Highland Kankrej/Guzerat Limousin Mishima Mocho Murray Grey Ongole Red Poll Romosinuano Simmental Tabapuan Wagyu Zebu

Products

Cuts	Blade steak Brisket Chuck steak Fajita Filet mignon Flank steak Flap steak Hanger steak Plate Ranch steak Restructured steak Rib eye Rib steak Round Rump Short loin Short ribs Shoulder tender Sirloin Top sirloin Skirt steak Spare ribs Standing rib roast Strip Shank T-bone Tenderloin Tri-tip Trotters Tail

Processed	Jerky Aged Bresaola Cabeza Corned beef Frankfurter Rindswurst Ground Montreal smoked Pastrami Meat extract

Offal	Brain Heart Tongue Tendon Tripas Tripe Testicles

Dishes

Related meats

Other

USA beef imports	Japan Taiwan South Korea (2008 US beef protest in South Korea)

Livestock breeds of the British Isles

Cattle

Beef cattle	Angus Beef Shorthorn Belted Galloway Blue Grey Devon Dexter English Longhorn Galloway Hereford Highland Luing Shorthorn South Devon Sussex Welsh Black

Dairy cattle	Ayrshire Guernsey Jersey Milking Shorthorn

Dual purpose	British White Gloucester Pembroke Red Poll Shetland Whitebred Shorthorn

Primitive	Chillingham wild cattle Vaynol White Park cattle

Sheep

Extant	Beulah Speckled Face Bluefaced Leicester Border Leicester British Milk Cheviot Clun Forest Cotswold Dalesbred Derbyshire Gritstone Devon Closewool Devon Longwoolled Dorset Down English Leicester Exmoor Horn Galway Greyface Dartmoor Hampshire Herdwick Hill Radnor Kerry Hill Lincoln Llanwenog Lleyn Lonk Norfolk Horn Oxford Down Portland Romney Rough Fell Ryeland Scottish Blackface Shetland Shropshire Southdown sheep Suffolk Swaledale Teeswater Welsh Mountain Wensleydale Whitefaced Woodland Wiltshire Horn

Primitive	Boreray Castlemilk Moorit Hebridean Jacob Manx Loaghtan North Ronaldsay Soay

Extinct	Scottish Dunface

Pigs

Extant	Berkshire British Landrace British Lop British Saddleback Essex Gloucestershire Old Spots Hampshire Large Black Large White Middle White Oxford Sandy and Black Tamworth Welsh Wessex Saddleback

Extinct	Cumberland Grice Lincolnshire Curly-coated Small Black Small White Yorkshire Blue and White

Goats

Anglo-Nubian Bilberry British Alpine Golden Guernsey Irish

Poultry

Chickens	Cornish Derbyshire Redcap Dorking Ixworth Marsh Daisy Modern Game Modern Langshan Norfolk Grey Old English Game Old English Pheasant Fowl Orpington Rosecomb Scots Dumpy Scots Grey Sebright Sussex

Ducks	Abacot Ranger Aylesbury Orpington Khaki Campbell Magpie Shetland Welsh Harlequin

Geese	Brecon Buff Shetland

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