Erlik
| Erlik, Erklik, Erlik Khan | |
|---|---|
| Death and Underworld | |
| Symbol | Monster |
| Parents | Kayra and Yer Tanrı |
| Siblings |
Umay Ülgen Koyash Ay Tanrı |
Erlik, Erlig, Erklik or Erlik Khan, (in Hungarian mythology equivalent to Ördög) is the god of death and underworld in Turkic and Mongolian mythology.
Features
According to Siberian mythology, Erlik was the first creation of Ulgan, the creator god, but Erlik's pride led to friction between the two, and he was banished to the underworld.
In the myths of the Turkic and Mongolian peoples, Erlik was involved in the creation of humanity.[1] He slew the messenger-god, Maidere and is a teacher of sin. He is sometimes represented by a totemic bear.
In Turkic mythology, Erlik was the deity of evil, darkness, lord of the lower world and judge of the dead. He is known as the first of mankind, created by Ulgen. He wants to be equal to Ulgen, but is in a position inferior to him. Then he wanted to make his own land and was sent to the prison at the 9th layer of the earth and became opposed to the upper world, the realm of light.
The evil spirits created by Erlik cause misfortune, sickness and death to mankind. These spirits are imagined as Erlik's assistants. Besides these, his 9 sons and daughters help their father in the way of evil. Erlik's daughters especially try to change a shaman's mind while he is attempting to reach Ulgen with their beauties. Erlik gives all kinds of sickness and wants sacrifices from the people. If they do not sacrifice to him, he catches the dead bodies of the people that he killed and takes them away to this lower world and then makes them his slaves. So, especially in the Altays, when sickness appears, people become scared of Erlik and make many animal sacrifices to him.[1]
In the prayers of shamans, Erlik is described as a monster, having the face and teeth of a pig combined with a human body. Besides his face, he is an old man with a well-built body, black eyes, eyebrows and mustache.
The dinosaur Erlikosaurus is named for him.[2]
Children of Erlik
Erlik has nine sons, named Karaoğlanlar ("black boys"). They are “Karash Khan, Matır Khan, Shingay Khan, Komur Khan, Badish Khan, Yabash Khan, Temir Khan, Uchar Khan, Kerey Khan”. He also has nine daughters, named Karakızlar ("black girls"), their names being unknown.[3]
Karaoghlanlar
They are the sons of Erlik.
- Karash Han: The god of darkness.
- Matyr Han: The god of courage and bravery.
- Shyngay Han: The god of chaos.
- Komur Han: The god of evil.
- Badysh Han: The god of disaster.
- Yabash Han: The god of defeat.
- Temir Han: The god of iron and mining.
- Uchar Han: The god of informants.
- Kerey Han: The god of discord.
References
- 1 2 Çoban, Ramazan Volkan. Türk Mitolojisinde Kötülük Tanrısı Erlik’in İnanıştaki Yeri, Tasviri ve Kökeni (Turkish)
- ↑ R. Barsbold və A. Perle, 1980, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 25(2): səh. 187-195
- ↑ Türk Söylence Sözlüğü (Turkish Mythological Dictionary), Deniz Karakurt, (OTRS: CC BY-SA 3.0)
Bibliography
- "Упоминание божества Эрлика в древнетюркской рунической надписи Алтын-Кёль (Runic Inscriptions from Khakassia)" (in Russian).
See also
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