River Erne

River Erne
The river Erne in Ballyshannon
Native name	An Éirne
Country	Ireland, Northern Ireland
Basin
Main source	Slieve Glah, County Cavan ~255 m (837 ft)
River mouth	Atlantic Ocean at Ballyshannon
Basin size	4,372 km2 (1,688 sq mi)
Physical characteristics
Length	~129 km (80 mi)
Discharge	Average rate: 101.7 m3/s (3,590 cu ft/s)
Features
Tributaries	Left: Cladagh River, Arney River, Sillees River Right: River Annalee, River Finn (Erne tributary), Colebrooke River, Ballycassidy River, Kesh River, Brannagh River

The River Erne (pronounced airn, Irish: Abhainn na hÉirne or An Éirne) in the northwest of Ireland, is the second-longest river in Ulster. It rises on the east shoulder of Slieve Glah mountain ^[1] three miles south of Cavan in County Cavan and flows 80 miles (129 km)^[2] through Lough Gowna, Lough Oughter and Upper and Lower Lough Erne, County Fermanagh, to the sea at Ballyshannon, County Donegal. For 30 miles from Crossdoney in County Cavan to Enniskillen in County Fermanagh, it is difficult to distinguish the river as it winds its way through interconnected loughs or parts of loughs nestling among the drumlin hills of Cavan and south Fermanagh.^[3] The river is 120 kilometres long and is very popular for fly fishing for trout and salmon, with a number of fisheries along both the river itself and its tributaries. The town of Enniskillen is mostly situated on an island in the river, between Upper and Lower Lough Erne. It is linked to the River Shannon by the Shannon–Erne Waterway. The total catchment area of the River Erne is 4,372 km².^[4] The long-term average flow rate of the River Erne is 101.7 cubic metres per second (m³/s)^[4]

Name

The river takes its name from a mythical princess named Éirne.

Angling

The building of hydroelectric power stations at Cliff (near Belleek) and Ballyshannon (work began in 1945 and the first power station was commissioned in 1950) caused famous salmon beats to be flooded and the run of salmon into the Erne has now declined to such a tiny trickle as to be of little angling value, except for the few fish that are occasionally caught below Cliff when the power station is generating. Roach first appeared in the river in 1963 and there was a massive increase in the roach population in 1968. This increase could well have had an adverse effect on trout stocks, which went into decline at that time. Water pollution became a major problem in the 1970s and up to 1987. Since 1987 the pollution problem has been controlled, the roach population has declined dramatically and trout stocks have made a welcome return and provide good angling once more, both on the Erne itself and its tributaries.^[3]

Pleasure boating

The River Erne is suited to all types of pleasure craft. It is one of the most popular venues in Europe for rental boat vacations. Live aboard pleasure cruisers are available in many locations along the Erne waterway, including Belturbet, Knockniny, Carrybridge, Bellanaleck, Enniskillen, and Killadeas. In addition to the use of the Erne for live aboard boating holidays, sections of the river are ideal for water skiing, bank fishing, trolling, jet skiing and scuba diving. Boaters are cautioned, by the Original Official Site of the Northern Ireland Tourist Board , that Upper Lough Erne is a maze of small islands needing careful navigation, and waves on Lower Lough Erne can reach "open-sea dimensions". It is believed that in 2009 Donald Attig, at 73 years of age, established benchmark records in both endurance challenge and adventure challenge categories, as the first person to complete a single-handed transit of the entire Erne Navigation in an engineless live-aboard pleasure boat. After an official launch by Her Excellency Priscilla Jenna, the ambassador from South Africa, Attig started his engineless transit at the end of navigation marker at Belturbet, County Cavan. He completed the engineless transit at the end of navigation marker Belleek. Previously, in 2007, Mr. Attig and Jack Donovan established similar records by being the first crew to complete a transit of the River Shannon Navigation and beyond in an engineless live-aboard pleasure boat. In 2008 Donald Attig repeated the 2007 feat single-handed.

Ancient ruins

The Erne waterway is home to copious ancient ruins, both Christian and Pagan, making up a treasure trove that is a destination for photographers, historians, and others interested in Ireland’s roots. Significant ruins can be found in several locations, including: Crom Estate, on the North bank of the Upper Erne channel, Gad Island, near Crom Estate, Devenish Island, Inismacsaint Island, Davy’s Island, White Island, and Boa Island. Many of these locations can only be reached by boat.

Boa Island has one of the most unusual pre-Christian statues in Ireland, and Inismacsaint has what is reputed to be the oldest large stone cross in Ireland. Devenish Island has a historical display centre adjacent to its ruins. Visitors often use rental boats and the Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland Activity Map of Lough Erne (ISBN 978-1-905306-26-8) to locate these ancient sites.

Culture

The song "Buachaill Ón Éirne" is a famous Irish ballad about a young boy from the Erne area. It has been recorded by such groups as Clannad and The Corrs.

Former railway lines

Picturesque Donegal- its mountains, rivers, and lakes. Being the Great Northern Railway (Ireland) Company's illustrated guide to the sporting and touring grounds of the north of Ireland (1908). This Ballyshannon before the river was altered.

Many places were once accessible by train along the River Erne, such as towns and scenes of natural beauty. The once extensive Great Northern Railway (Ireland) served the area as well as the Sligo, Leitrim and Northern Counties Railway.

A remnant of the GNR being a viaduct spanning the river near Belturbet railway station.

References

External links

• Information and maps of the Erne from the Inland Waterways Association of Ireland

Wikimedia Commons has media related to River Erne.

Coordinates: 54°30′N 8°16′W / 54.500°N 8.267°W / 54.500; -8.267