Franck Goddio

Franck Goddio (born 1947 in Casablanca, Morocco) is a French underwater archaeologist who, in 2000, discovered the city of Thonis-Heracleion 7 km off the Egyptian shore in Aboukir Bay.^[1] He led the excavation of the submerged site of Eastern Canopus and of Antirhodos in the ancient harbour of Alexandria (Portus Magnus).^[2] He has also excavated ships in the waters of the Philippines, significantly the Spanish Galleon San Diego.

Biography

Goddio received degrees in mathematics and statistics from the École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique in Paris. He was employed as an advisor to national and international organizations and various governments for over 15 years.

In the early 1980s he decided to focus on underwater archaeology. In 1987 he founded the Institut Européen d'archéologie Sous-Marine (IEASM)^[3] in Paris.

In his work in detecting and recovering ancient shipwrecks and searching for the remains of sunken cities, Goddio developed a systematic approach to underwater archaeology. He has found or excavated over a dozen sunken ships of historic importance, which had been resting on the ocean bed for hundreds of years. Among them are junks dating from the 11th to the 15th century, the Spanish galleon San Diego^[4] and San José (1694), Napoleon Bonaparte's flagship Orient and two East Indiamen: Griffin (1761) and Royal Captain, lost in 1773.

Goddio adheres to strict archaeological standards^[5] during the exploration and excavation phases, and closely cooperates with national and local authorities, leading archaeological experts and institutions. In 2003, in co-operation with Oxford University, he helped to found the Oxford Centre for Maritime Archaeology. In 2009 he was appointed a Senior Visiting Lecturer in the School of Archaeology at Oxford University. In the same year he received the French National Order of the Legion of Honour (Légion d´Honneur).

Goddio's research projects have been financed by the Hilti Foundation since 1996. He has written several books and scientific articles, reporting on research projects and excavations. Several TV documentaries have also been produced and aired throughout the world. In addition, various exhibitions have presented the finds and made them accessible to a wide audience. The discovery of a cup inscribed with a reference (in Greek) to "Christ", dating from the second century C.E., received international publicity.^[6]

Expeditions

• 1986–1988: Griffin (1761) of the British East India Company
• 1987–1990: Spanish galleon San José (1694)
• 1990–1994: Spanish galleon San Diego (1600)
• 1996–2003: Sunken royal quarters of Alexandria’s eastern harbor, Egypt
• 1997: Royal Captain of the British East India Company^[7]
• 1997: Junk of the Lena shoal with ceramics of the Ming dynasty
• 1998–1999: Napoleon’s lost fleet from the battle against Admiral Nelson in Aboukir Bay in 1798 and his flagship Orient
• 2000–2003: the sunken cities of Thônis–Heracleion and Canopus in Aboukir Bay, Egypt^[8]
• 2002 Junk Santa Cruz with over 10,000 pieces of 15th century porcelain
• 2003 French slave ship Adelaide, lost in 1714 off the coast of Cuba
• 2004 – to present: researches and excavations of Egypt’s coast in the Bay of Aboukir on the sites of Eastern Canopus and Heracleion–Thônis, finalisation of the topography of the sites, continuating excavation in Alexandria's Eastern Harbour^[9]

Exhibitions (selection)

Objects found during excavations directed by Goddio have enriched the national collection of countries where the excavations took place: the National Museum of the Philippines, the Museum of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina National Museum of Alexandria. In accordance with the antiquities authority in the Philippines, objects from Goddio’s excavations were donated to the Museo Naval de Madrid, Guimet Museum (Musée des arts asiatiques-Guimet, France) and the Maritime Museum in Port Louis.

Goddio has also created travelling exhibitions to bring his discoveries to wide audiences:

"Osiris. Egypt’s Sunken Mysteries': The exhibition presents artefacts drawn largely from the last seven years of underwater excavations at the ancient cities of Thonis-Heracleion and Canopus off the coast of Egypt by the European Institute for Underwater Archaeology (IEASM), directed by Franck Goddio in cooperation with the Egyptian Ministry for Antiquities and supported by the Hilti Foundation. The selection is supplemented by 40 artefacts from museums in Cairo and Alexandria. Displayed in Paris at the institut du monde arabe, Sept 2015 – March 2016, in London at the British Museum in a slightly different version under the title “Sunken cities. Egypt’s lost worlds” May – Nov 2016, and in Zurich at the Museum Rietberg, Feb – July 2017.

Treasures of the San Diego: An exhibition of the Spanish galleon, illustrating the work of the team: archivists, engineers, divers, archaeologists, scientists, illustrators, photographers and cameramen: Paris (September 1994 – January 1995), Madrid (May – October 1995), New York (November 1996 – February 1997), Berlin (June – Oct. 1997), Manille (February – April 1998).

Egypt’s Sunken Treasures:^[10] A selection of some 500 artifacts unearthed during the excavations in Aboukir Bay and the port of Alexandria. Presented in Berlin (April – September 2006), Paris (December 2006 – March 2007), Bonn (April 2007 – January 2008), Madrid (April – December 2008), Turin (February – May 2009) and Yokohama (June – September 2009).

Cleopatra, The Search for the Last Queen of Egypt^[11] A selection of 146 artefacts from Egypt's sunken treasures, displayed in the United States from 2010 to 2013, as part of the larger exhibition "Cleopatra,The Search for the Last Queen of Egypt" at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, at the Cincinnati Museum Center in Cincinnati, Ohio, at the Public Museum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and at the California Science Center in Los Angeles.

Bibliography (selection)

• Franck Goddio and Aurélia Masson-Berghoff, Sunken cities, Egypt’s lost worlds, Thames & Hudson in cooperation with the British Museum, 2016, ISBN 978-0-500-29237-2

•Franck Goddio und Damian Robinson (Hrsg.), Thonis-Heracleion in context, Oxford Centre for Maritime Archaeology, Oxford 2015, ISBN 978-1-9059-05331

• Franck Goddio u. David Fabre, "Osiris, Egypt's sunken Myteries", Paris 2015, ISBN 978-2-08137873-5
• Zahi Hawass and Franck Goddio, Cleopatra – The Search for the last Queen of Egypt, National Geographic, Washington D.C. 2010, ISBN 978-1-4262-0545-3
• Underwater Archaeology in the Canopic Region – The Topography and Excavation of Heracleion–Thonis and East Canopus (1996–2006), Oxford Centre for Maritime Archaeology, Oxford 2007, ISBN 978-0-9549627-3-9
• André Bernand and Franck Goddio, Sunken Egypt – Alexandria, Arcperiplus, London 2002, ISBN 1-902699-51-3
• Franck Goddio ed., Egypt’s Sunken Treasures, Prestel, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-7913-3970-2
• Peter Lam, Rosemary Scott, Stacey Pierson, Monique Crick, and Franck Goddio, Lost at Sea, Periplus Publishing, London 2002, ISBN 1-902699-13-0
• Archaeological Survey of Alexandria’s Eastern Harbour. In Underwater Archaeology and Coastal Management, Unesco Publishing 2000
• Gabrielle Iltis, Franck Goddio et al., Royal Captain, Periplus Publishing, London 2000, ISBN 1-902699-19-X
• Stacey Pierson, Monique Crick, and Franck Goddio, Sunken Treasures of the Lena Cargo, Periplus Publishing, London 2000, ISBN 1-902699-22-X
• Evelyne Jay Guyot de Saint Michel and Franck Goddio, Griffin – On the Route of an Indiaman, Periplus Publishing, London 1999, ISBN 1-902699-03-3
• André Bernard, Etienne Bernand, Jean Yoyotte, Franck Goddio et al., Alexandria, the Submerged Royal Quarters, Periplus Publishing, London 1998, ISBN 1-902699-00-9

Documentaries

• Swallowed by the Sea: Ancient Egypt’s Greatest Lost City3, BBC, UK, 2014
• Egypt’s Sunken City – A Legend is Revealed", Arte/MDR, 2013
• Treasures of The San Diego, Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg 2007
• Franck Goddio – In Search Of Sunken Treasures, Spiegel TV, 2006
• Lost Temple To The Gods, Discovery Channel, 2003
• Sunken Cities, Ancient Earthquakes, Discovery Channel, 2001
• Treasures Of The Royal Captain, Discovery Channel, 2000
• Napoleon’s Fleet, Discovery Channel, 1999
• Cleopatra’s Palace – In Search Of A Legend, Discovery Channel, 1999

References

External links

• Franck Goddio official website
• Institut Européen d'Archéologie Sous-Marine (IEASM) official website
• Hilti Foundation
• Oxford Center for Maritime Archaeology (OCMA)
• interview with Franck Goddio Oxford University – Podcast series
• Exhibition at the British Museum London: Sunken cities. Egypt’s lost worlds
• Inside Africa
• Wall Street Journal, May 2016
• Financial Times, May 2016
• BBC Radio 4, March 2016
• Exhibition: Egypt's sunken treasures
• National Geographic: Cleopatra exhibition
• Oxford University News Release
• Huffington Post: Lost Egyptian City Revealed After 1,200 Years Under The Sea
• Sunday Telegraph : Lost City of Heracleion gives up its secrets
• Slate: Lost Ancient City Exhumed From the Ocean
• BBC World Service : Discovering Cleopatra's Palace