Lebyazhye, Lomonosovsky District, Leningrad Oblast

For other places with the same name, see Lebyazhy.
Lebyazhye (English)
Лебяжье (Russian)
-  Urban-type settlement[1]  -

Saint Nicholas Church

Location of Leningrad Oblast in Russia
Lebyazhye
Location of Lebyazhye in Leningrad Oblast
Coordinates: 59°57′50″N 29°25′16″E / 59.96389°N 29.42111°E / 59.96389; 29.42111Coordinates: 59°57′50″N 29°25′16″E / 59.96389°N 29.42111°E / 59.96389; 29.42111
Administrative status
Country Russia
Federal subject Leningrad Oblast
Administrative district Lomonosovsky District[1]
Municipal status (as of February 2010)
Municipal district Lomonosovsky Municipal District[2]
Urban settlement Lebyazhenskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Administrative center of Lebyazhenskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 4,729 inhabitants[3]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[4]
Urban-type settlement status since November 22, 1966[5]
Postal code(s)[6] 188532
Dialing code(s) +7 81376[7]
Official website
Lebyazhye on Wikimedia Commons

Lebyazhye (Russian: Лебя́жье; Finnish: Lepäsi) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Lomonosovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland 25 kilometers (16 mi) west of Lomonosov and 30 kilometers (19 mi) east of Sosnovy Bor. Population: 4,729 (2010 Census);[3] 5,600 (2002 Census);[8] 5,340 (1989 Census).[9]

History

It was first mentioned in 1500 under the Swedish rule as Karkila. The area was conquered by Peter the Great in the early 18th century and was given by the Tsar to Boris Sheremetev. The Sheremetev family built a manor house here in the 18th century. After the Sheremetevs, the estate was known as Lebyazhye, apparently from Russian: лебедь — swan. In 1864, the railway was open, and in the 1860s, Lebyazhye started to specialize as a settlement for maritime pilots who brought the ships to Saint Petersburg. In the beginning of the 20th century, Lebyazhye was a popular summer holiday destination. Among notable people who owned houses there were Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, an author, Valentin Bianki, a biologist, and Vitaly Bianki, his son and a future author.[10]

Krasnaya Gorka fort was constructed at the beginning of the 20th century on the coast near the settlement. The fort played a key part in the Siege of Leningrad as the center of the Oranienbaum Bridgehead during World War II.

In the beginning of the 20th century, Lebyazhye was a part of Petergofsky Uyezds of Saint Petersburg Governorate, with the center in Petergof. The governorate was renamed Petrograd in 1914 and Leningrad in 1924. On February 14, 1923 Petergofsky Uyezd was merged with Detskoselsky Uyezd to form Gatchinsky Uyezd, with the administrative center located in Gatchina.[11] On February 14, 1923 Gatchina was renamed Trotsk, and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd, after Leon Trotsky.[12]

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Oranienbaumsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Oranienbaum, was established. The governorates were also abolished, and the district was a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. Between August 1941 and January 1944, during World War II, Lebyazhye was a part of the Oranienbaum Bridgehead, which was protecting the city of Saint Petersburg. On February 23, 1948 the town of Oranienbaum was renamed Lomonosov to commemorate Mikhail Lomonosov, and the district was renamed Lomonosovsky. On November 22, 1966 Lebyazhye was granted urban-type settlement status.[5]

Restricted access

Lebyazhye along with the adjacent parts of Lomonosovsky District is included into the border security zone, intended to protect the borders of Russia from unwanted activity. In order to visit the zone, a permit issued by the local Federal Security Service department is required.[13]

Economy

In Lebyazhye, there is a large-scale poultry farm, as well as a number military installations.[14]

Transportation

Lebyazhye has a railway stations on the railway connecting the Baltiysky railway station of Saint Petersburg with Veymarn. The Lebyazhye railway station serves as a terminus for some suburban trains.

Lebyazhye is located on the A121 highway (Krasnoflotskoye Highway) which follows the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland and connects Saint Petersburg and Sosnovy Bor. There are bus connections to Saint Petersburg.

Culture and recreation

Ilyushin Il-2 in Lebyazhye
Su 206-56 in steam in the Lebyazhye Railway Museum

Lebyazhye contains thirteen objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. All of them commemorate events of the Russian Civil War and World War II.[15] These include a plinthed BMP-1 and Ilyushin Il-2 World War II aircraft.

Lebyazhye Railway Museum is located in the forest to the south of the Lebyazhye Railway Station. Amongst a number of interesting exhibits the museum is home to the very first Russian locomotive class LV namely OR18-01, Russian locomotive class P36-249 and the operable steam locomotive Su-206-56.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 41 230 562 002», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 41 230 562 002, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  2. 1 2 3 Law #117-oz
  3. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  4. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  5. 1 2 Ораниенбаумский район (авг.1927 - фев. 1948 г .), Ломоносовский район (фев.1948 - фев. 196З, янв.1965) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
  6. ↑ "List of postal codes" (in Russian). Russian Post. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
  7. ↑ Ленинградская область (in Russian). Телефонные коды России. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  8. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  9. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Карху, А. И. Приглашаем в Лебяжье (in Russian). Unofficial city of Oranienbaum. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  11. ↑ Царскосельский уезд (1917 - нояб. 1918), Детскосельский уезд (ноябрь1918 - фев.1923) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
  12. ↑ Гатчинский уезд (февр. 1923-авг. 1927) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved February 8, 2013.
  13. ↑ "Приказ ФСБ РФ от 2 июня 2006 года N 239 "О пределах пограничной зоны на территории Ленинградской области"; Приказ ФСБ РФ от 5 мая 2007 г. N 222 "О внесении изменений в Приказ ФСБ РФ ОТ 2 июня 2006 Г. N 239 "О пределах пограничной зоны на территории Ленинградской области""". Rossiyskaya Gazeta (in Russian). 2006.
  14. ↑ Труженики земли Ломоносовской (in Russian). Леноблинформ. December 4, 2009. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
  15. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2 June 2016.

Sources

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