List of dual-code rugby internationals
A dual-code rugby international is a rugby footballer who has played at the senior international level in both rugby league and rugby union.
Rugby league started as a breakaway version of rugby in Northern England (1895) and in New Zealand and Australia in 1908 and consequently a number of the top-class rugby league pioneers had been star players in the rugby union code. Accordingly, a high proportion of Australia and New Zealand's dual-code rugby internationals played in rugby league's formative years in those countries.
From 1910 through to 1995, dual-code internationals were infrequent and with the single exception of Karl Ifwersen, the player had always first appeared as a union international before shifting to league due to strict "black-banning" applied by union administrators to those players who crossed to the professional code. In 1995 rugby union itself turned professional and the tide of switches began to reverse. Since then generally all cross-code representatives have debuted internationally in league before being lured to union where there is now the allure of a larger international competitive arena.
Backs have more often been dually successful at the highest level than forwards - approximately 65% of the players here listed are backs. Although pre-1995 there were many notable forwards who made the union to league switch. Since 1995 nearly 90% of the league to union converts who went on to play internationally have been backs.
The following is an incomplete list of dual-code internationals, listed by country.
Australia
No.[1] | Player | Test debut[2] | Year | At | Cross-code debut [2] | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Dally Messenger | 2nd RU Test v New Zealand [3] | 1907 | Brisbane | RL Test All Golds v Wales[4] | 1 Jan 1908 | Aberdare | Centre |
2. | Denis Lutge [5] | Inaugural RU Test v New Zealand[6] | 1903 | Sydney | Inaugural RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 9 May 1908 | Sydney | Forward |
3. | Doug McLean, Snr. | 2nd RU Test v British Lions[8] | 1904 | Brisbane | Inaugural RL Test v New Zealand | 9 May 1908 [7] | Sydney | Winger |
4. | Micky Dore | RU Test v New Zealand[9] | 1905 | Dunedin | Inaugural RL Test v New Zealand[7] | 9 May 1908 | Sydney | Half-back |
5. | Johnny Rosewell | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[10] | 1907 | Sydney | Inaugural RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 9 May 1908 | Sydney | Forward |
6. | Robert Graves[11] | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[10] | 1907 | Sydney | Inaugural RL Test v New Zealand[7] | 9 May 1908 | Sydney | Forward |
7. | Bill Hardcastle | 4th RU Test v British Lions[12] | 1899 | Sydney | 2nd RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 30 May 1908 | Brisbane | Forward |
8. | George Watson | 1st RU Test V New Zealand[10] | 1907 | Sydney | 2nd RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 30 May 1908 | Brisbane | Winger |
9. | Alex Burdon [13] | Inaugural RU Test v New Zealand[6] | 1903 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 12 Dec 1908 | London | Forward |
10. | Pat Walsh | 1st RU Test v British Lions [14] | 1904 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain [7] | 12 Dec 1908 | London | Forward |
11. | Arthur Anlezark | RU Test v New Zealand [9] | 1905 | Dunedin | 3rd RL Test v Great Britain [7] | 10 Feb 1909 | Birmingham | Half-back |
12. | Charles Russell | 1st RU Test v New Zealand [10] | 1907 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain | 18 June 1910 [7] | Sydney | Winger |
13. | Chris McKivat [15] | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[10] | 1907 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 18 June 1910 | Sydney | Half-back |
14. | John Barnett | 1st RU Test v New Zealand [10] | 1907 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain | 18 June 1910 | Sydney[7] | Forward |
15. | Bob Craig | Olympic Final (RU) v Great Britain[16] | 1908 | London | 1st RL Test v Great Britain [7] | 18 June 1910 | Sydney | Forward |
16. | Jack Hickey | Olympic Final (RU) v Great Britain[16] | 1908 | London | 1st RL Test v Great Britain | 18 June 1910 | Sydney | Centre |
17. | Patrick McCue | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[10] | 1907 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain [7] | 18 Nov 1911 | Newcastle | Forward |
18. | Herb Gilbert | 1st RU Test v New Zealand [17] | 1910 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 18 Nov 1911 | Newcastle | Centre |
19. | Peter Burge | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[10] | 1907 | Sydney | Kangaroo tour match (RL) | 1911 | England | Forward |
20. | Charles McMurtrie | Olympic Final (RU) v Great Britain [16] | 1908 | London | Kangaroo tour match (RL) | 1911 | England | Forward |
21. | Bob Stuart | 2nd RU Test v New Zealand [18] | 1910 | Sydney | Kangaroo tour match (RL) | 1911 | England | Forward |
22. | Claud O'Donnell | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[19] | 1913 | Wellington | 1st RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 23 Aug 1919 | Wellington | Hooker |
23. | Clarrie Prentice | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[20] | 1914 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v New Zealand[7] | 23 Aug 1919 | Wellington | Hooker |
24. | Doug McLean jnr | 1st RU Test v South Africa[21] | 1933 | Cape Town | 1st RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 7 Aug 1937 | Auckland | Winger |
25. | Trevor Allan | RU Test Aust v New Zealand[22] | 1949 | Wellington | RL Other Nationalities v Wales | 31 March 1950 | Wales | Back |
26. | Ken Kearney [23] | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[24] | 1947 | Brisbane | 3rd RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 13 Dec 1952 | Bradford | Hooker |
27. | Rex Mossop | 1st RU Test v New Zealand[25] | 1949 | Wellington | 1st RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 14 June 1958 | Sydney | Forward |
28. | Arthur Summons [26] | 1st RU Test v Wales[27] | 1958 | Cardiff | 1st RL Test v New Zealand[7] | 1 July 1961 | Auckland | Half-back |
29. | Michael Cleary | RU Test v France [28] | 1961 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 9 June 1962 | Sydney | Winger |
30. | Jim Lisle | 1st RU Test v Fiji[29] | 1961 | Brisbane | 3rd RL Test v Great Britain [7] | 14 July 1962 | Sydney | Five-eighth |
31. | Dick Thornett | RU Test v France | 1961 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v South Africa[7] | 20 July 1963 | Brisbane | Forward |
32. | Kevin Ryan | RU Test v England | 1958 | London | 2nd RL Test v France[7] | 4 July 1964 | Brisbane | Forward |
33. | Bob Honan | 1st RU Test v New Zealand | 1964 | Dunedin | 1st RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 1 June 1969 | Auckland | Back |
34. | Phil Hawthorne [30] | 3rd RU Test v New Zealand | 1962 | Wellington | 1st RL Test v Great Britain [7] | 6 June 1970 | Brisbane | Five-eighth |
35. | John Brass[31] | 2nd RU Test v British Lions | 1966 | Brisbane | 1st RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 6 June 1970 | Brisbane | Centre |
36. | Stephen Knight | 2nd RU Test v South Africa | 1969 | Kimberley, SA | RLWC v Great Britain | 29 Oct 1972 | Perpignan | Winger |
37. | Geoff Richardson | 1st RU Test v South Africa | 1971 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 15 June 1974 | Brisbane | Five-eighth |
38. | Ray Price | 1st RU Test v New Zealand | 1974 | Sydney | 1st RL Test v New Zealand[7] | 24 June 1978 | Sydney | Forward |
39. | Michael O'Connor | 1st RU Test v Argentina | 1979 | Buenos Aires | 1st RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 6 July 1986 | Auckland | Centre |
40. | Ricky Stuart | Wallaby Argentina Tour (RU) | 1987 | Argentina | 1st RL Test v Great Britain | 27 Oct 1990 | London [7] | Half-back |
41. | Scott Gourley | RU Test v Scotland | 1988 | Edinburgh | 1st RL Test v PNG [7] | 6 Oct 1991 | Goroka | Forward |
42. | Andrew Walker | RL Test v PNG Team [7] | 1996 | Port Moresby | 1st RU Test v New Zealand | 25 July 2000 | Sydney | Back |
43. | Wendell Sailor | 1st RL Test v Great Britain [7] | 1994 | London | 1st RU Test v France | 22 June 2002 | Melbourne | Winger |
44. | Mat Rogers | 1st RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 1998 | Auckland | 1st RU Test v France | 22 June 2002 | Melbourne | Back |
45. | Lote Tuqiri | 1st RL Test v New Zealand [7] | 2001 | Wellington | 1st RU Test v Ireland | 7 June 2003 | Perth | Winger |
46. | Timana Tahu | RL Test v Great Britain[7] | 2002 | Sydney | 1st RU Test v New Zealand | 26 June 2008 | Sydney | Centre |
47. | Israel Folau | RL Test v New Zealand | 2007 | Wellington | 1st RU Test v British and Irish Lions | 22 June 2013 | Brisbane | Winger |
England
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Anthony Starks | RU Test v Wales | 1896 | Blackheath | RL Test v Other Nationalities | 5 April 1904 | Wigan | Forward/Prop |
2. | George Marsden | RU Test v Wales | 1900 | Gloucester | RL Test v Other Nationalities | 2 Jan 1905 | Bradford | Five-eighth |
3. | Alf Wood | RU Test v France | 1908 | Colombes | 2nd Ashes Test v Australia | 16 Dec 1911 | Edinburgh | Forward/Prop |
4. | Thomas "Tommy" Woods | RU Test v Scotland | 1908 | Inverleith | 2nd Ashes Test v Australia | 16 Dec 1911 | Edinburgh | Forward |
5. | Dave Holland | RU Test v Wales | 1912 | Twickenham | 1st RL Test GB v Australia | 27 June 1914 | Sydney | Forward |
6. | Jim Brough | RU Test v New Zealand | 1925 | Twickenham | RL Test v Wales | 12 Apr 1926 | Pontypridd | Fullback |
7. | Thomas Holliday | RU Test v Scotland | 1923 | Inverleith | RL Test v Wales | 11 Jan 1928 | Wigan | Fullback |
8. | Thompson "Tom" Danby | RU Test v Wales | 1949 | Cardiff | RL Test v Wales | 1 Mar 1950 | Wigan | Wing |
8. | Ray French | RU Test v Wales | 1961 | Cardiff | RL Test GB v France | 11 Feb 1968 | Paris | Forward |
9. | Bev Risman | 1st RU Test v Wales | 1959 | Cardiff | RLWC GB v Australia | 25 May 1968 | Sydney | Half |
10. | Keith Fielding | 1st RU Test v Ireland | 1969 | Lansdowne Road | RLWC v France | 19 Jan 1975 | Perpignan | Wing |
11. | Mike Coulman | 1st RU Test v Australia | 1967 | Twickenham | RLWC v Wales | 10 June 1975 | Brisbane | Prop |
12. | Keith Smith | RU Test v France | 1974 | Paris | RL Test v Wales | 16 Mar 1979 | Widnes | Centre |
13. | Peter Williams | 1st RU Test v Scotland | 1987 | London | 1st RL Test v France | 21 Jan 1989 | Central Park | Fly-half/Centre |
14. | John Bentley | 1st RU Test v Ireland | 1988 | Dublin | 1st RL Test v France | 8 Feb 1992 | Perpignan | Wing |
15. | Barrie-Jon Mather | RL Test v France | 1994 | Carcasonne | RU Test v Wales | 11 Apr 1999 | London | Back |
16. | Jason Robinson | 1st RL Test v New Zealand | 1993 | London | RU Test v Italy | 17 Feb 2001 | London | Back |
17. | Andy Farrell | 3rd RL Test v New Zealand | 1993 | Leeds | RU Test v Scotland | 3 Feb 2007 | London | Forward |
18. | Chris Ashton[32] | RL Test v France | 2006 | Leeds | RU Test v France | 20 Mar 2010 | Paris | Wing |
19. | Kyle Eastmond | RL Test v Wales | 2009 | Bridgend | RU Test v Argentina | 8 Jun 2013 | Salta | |
20. | Joel Tomkins | RL Test v France | 2010 | Leigh | RU Test v Australia | 2 November 2013 | Twickenham | centre |
21. | Sam Burgess | 1st RL Test v New Zealand | 2007 | Huddersfield | RU Test v France | 15 August 2015 | Twickenham | centre |
Fiji
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Kaleveti Naisoro | RU Test | 1991 | RL Test | 1994 | |||
2. | Fili Seru | RU Test v Tonga | 1990 | Nuku A'lofa | RL Test v France | 9 Jul 1995 | Suva | Centre |
3. | Noa Nadruku | RU Test v England | 1988 | Suva | RL Test v France | 9 July 1994 | Suva | Back |
4. | Jioji Vatubua | RU Test v Tonga | 1992 | Nuka A'lofa | RLWC v South Africa | 8 Oct 1995 | Lawkholme Lane, UK | Bench |
5. | Niumaia Korovata | RU Test v Hong Kong | 1990 | Hong Kong | RLWC v England | 11 Oct 1995 | Central Park, UK | Bench |
6. | Kiniviliame Koroibuleka | RU game v Auckland | 1992 | RLWC v Australia | 14 Oct 1995 | Alfred McAlpine Stadium, UK | Bench | |
7. | Waisale Vatubua | RU Test v Tonga | 1988 | Nuka A'lofa | RLWC v Australia | 14 Oct 1995 | Alfred McAlpine Stadium, UK | Bench |
8. | Mesake Navugona | RU Test vs Samoa | 1992 | Suva | RLWC v Australia | 1 Nov 2000 | Gateshead International Stadium | Bench |
9. | Alipate Noilea | RL Test vs Samoa | 2006 | PNC v Tonga | 13 June 2009 | Outside back | ||
10. | Waisale Suka | RL Test vs France | 2008 | Canberra Stadium | PNC v Samoa | 27 June 2009 | Churchill Park | Outside Center |
France
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Jean Galia | RU Test v England | 1927 | Paris | 1st RL Test v England | 15 Apr 1934 | Paris | Forward |
2. | Max Rousié | RU Test v Scotland | 1931 | Edinburgh | 1st RL Test v Australia | 2 Jan 1938 | Paris | Back |
3. | Jean Dauger | Inaugural RL Test v Australia | 1938 | Paris | 1st RU Test v British Army | 1 Jan 1945 | Paris | Centre |
4. | Jean Duhau | |||||||
5. | Jean Barthe | |||||||
6. | Jacques Merquey | |||||||
7. | Claude Mantoulan | v Ireland | 1959 | Lansdowne Road | ||||
8. | Henri Marracq | RU Test v Romania | 1961 | Bayonne | 1st RL Test v Australia | 8 Dec 1963 | Bordeaux | Second-row |
9. | Jean Capdouze | RU Test v South Africa | 1964 | Springs | 2nd RL Test v Australia | 17 Dec 1967 | Carcassonne | Five-eighth |
10. | Fabrice Estebanez | RL Test v | 2005 | 1st RU Test v Fiji | 13 Nov 2010 | Nantes | Centre | |
Ireland
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Brian Carney | RLWC v Samoa | 2000 | Belfast | RU Test v Scotland | 11 Aug 2007 | Edinburgh | Back |
Italy
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Vincenzo Bertolotto | RU International v Germany | 1936 | Berlin | RL Tour Match v Wigan | 26 Aug 1950 | Wigan | Left-Second-row |
2. | Giovanni Bonino | RU International v France XV | 1949 | Stade Vélodrome, Marseille | RL Tour Match v Wigan | 26 Aug 1950 | Wigan | Loose forward/Lock |
3. | Angelo Arrigoni | RU International v Czechoslovakia | 1949 | Strahov Stadium, Prague | RL Tour Match v Wigan | 26 Aug 1950 | Wigan | Centre |
4. | Mirco Bergamasco | RU Test v France | 2002 | Saint-Denis | RLWCQ v Serbia | 22 Oct 2016 | Belgrade | Centre |
Germany
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | James Keinhorst | RU Test v ? | ? | ? | RL Test v ? | ? | ? | Fullback |
2. | Michael Kerr | RU Test v ? | ? | ? | RL Test v ? | ? | ? | Flanker |
Malta
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Jarrod Sammut | RL Test v Lebanon | 2006 | Sydney | RU Test v Croatia | 8 October 2008 | Marsa | Back |
New Zealand
There have been thirty seven New Zealand dual-code rugby internationals, including eighteen who made their debuts before World War One.[33] However, only two people became dual-code rugby internationals after first representing New Zealand in rugby league: Karl Ifwersen and Sonny Bill Williams. The comprehensive list is:
No.[1] | Player | Test debut[2] | Year | At | Cross-code debut [2] | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Thomas Cross | RU Test v British Lions[34] | 1904 | Wellington | RL Test All Golds v Wales[35] | 1 Jan 1908 | Aberdare | Forward |
2. | Edgar Wrigley | RU Test v Australia[36] | 1905 | Dunedin | RL Test All Golds v Wales[35] | 1 Jan 1908 | Aberdare | Five-eighth |
3. | Herbert Turtill | RU Test v Australia[37][38] | 1905 | Dunedin | RL Test All Golds v Wales[35][37] | 1 Jan 1908 | Aberdare | Fullback |
4. | Massa Johnston | RU Test Originals tour match [39] | 1905 | Britain | RL Test All Golds v Wales[35][39] | 1 Jan 1908 | Aberdare | Forward |
5. | William Mackrell | RU Test v France[4] | 1906 | Paris | RL Test All Golds v Wales[4] | 1 Jan 1908 | Aberdare | Forward |
6. | George Smith | RU Test v Scotland[40] | 1905 | Edinburgh | RL Test All Golds v Northern Union [40] | 25 Jan 1908 | Headingley | Centre |
7. | Duncan McGregor | RU Test v Australia [41] | 1903 | Sydney | RL All Golds tour [41] | 1908 | Britain & Aust | Wing |
8. | Eric Watkins | RU Test v Australia [42] | 1905 | Dunedin | RL All Golds tour [42] | 1908 | Britain & Aust | Forward |
9. | John Spencer | RU Test v Australia [43] | 1905 | Dunedin | RL 1st Test v Australia [43] | 12 June 1909 | Sydney | Forward |
10. | George Spencer | All Black tour match[43] | 1907 | Australia | RL 3rd Test v Australia[43] | 3 July 1909 | Sydney | Fullback |
11. | Albert Asher | RU Test v Australia[44][45] | 1903 | Sydney | RL Int'l Australasia v GB [44] | 9 July 1910 | Sydney | Winger |
12. | Ned Hughes | RU Test v Australia[46] | 1907 | Sydney | RL Test v Great Britain [47] | 30 July 1910 | Auckland | Hooker |
13. | George A. Gillett | RU Test v Scotland[48] | 1905 | Edinburgh | RL Kiwis tour match [48] | 1911 | Australia | Fullback |
14. | Billy Mitchell | RU Test v Australia [49] | 1910 | Sydney | RL Kiwis tour match [49] | 1911 | Australia | Wing |
15. | Arthur Francis | RU Test v Australia [50] | 1905 | Dunedin | RL Kiwis tour match [50] | 1911 | Australia | Forward |
16. | Harold Hayward | RU Test v British Lions [51] | 1908 | Auckland | RL Kiwis tour match [51] | 1912 | Australia | Flanker |
17. | Dave Evans | RU Test v Australia | 1910 | Sydney | RL Kiwis tour match | 1912 | Australia | Flanker |
18. | John Hogan | RU tour match v Queensland | 1907 | Brisbane | RL Kiwis tour match | 1913 | Australia | Flanker |
19. | Dougie McGregor | RU Test v Australia [51] | 1913 | Wellington[52] | RL 3rd Test v Australia [51] | 6 Sept 1919 | Auckland | Winger |
20. | Karl Ifwersen | RL Test v Australia | 1913 | Auckland | RU Test v South Africa [53] | 17 Sept 1921 | Wellington | 2nd 5/8 |
21. | Jim O'Brien | RU international [54] v New South Wales | 1922 | Sydney | RL 1st Test v Great Britain[55] | 2 Aug 1924 | Wellington | Forward |
22. | Charles Fitzgerald | RU international[54] v New South Wales | 1922 | Sydney | RL 1st Test v Great Britain[55] | 2 Aug 1924 | Wellington | Centre |
23. | Lou Petersen | RU international [54] v New South Wales [51] | 1921 | Christchurch | RL 2nd Test v Great Britain[56] | 6 Aug 1924 | Wellington | Forward |
24. | Alphonsus Carroll | RU international [54] v New South Wales [57] | 1920 | Sydney | RL 1st Test v Great Britain [58] | 2 Oct 1926 | Wigan | Hooker |
25. | Bert Cooke | RU international [54] v New South Wales | 1924 | Sydney | RL 1st Test v Great Britain[59] | 30 July 1932 | Auckland | Centre |
26. | Herb Lilburne | RU Test v Sth Africa [60] | 1928 | Port Elizabeth | RL 2nd Test v Australia [7] | 2 Oct 1935 | Auckland | Winger |
27. | George Nepia | RU Test v Ireland | 1924 | Edinburgh | RL 2nd Test v Australia | 14 Aug 1937 | Auckland | Fullback |
28. | Hawea Mataira | RU Test v Australia [61] | 1934 | Sydney | RL Kiwi tour match [61] | 1939 | Britain | Forward |
29. | Dave Solomon | RU All Black tour match[62] | 1935 | Britain | RL Kiwi tour match [62] | 1939 | Britain | Back |
30. | Jimmy Haig | RU Test v Australia [63] | 1946 | Dunedin | RL Test v England[64] | 20 Dec 1947 | Bradford | Halfback |
31. | Kurt Sherlock | RU All Black tour match[65] | 1985 | Argentina | RL 3rd Test v Australia [66] | 23 July 1989 | Auckland | Back |
32. | Matthew Ridge | RU tour match v Cardiff | 1989 | Cardiff | RL 1st Test v Australia | 19 Aug 1990 | Wellington | Fullback |
33. | Frano Botica | RU Test v France | 1986 | Christchurch | RL 1st Test v Australia | 3 July 1991 | Melbourne | Fullback |
34. | John Timu | RU 1st Test v Argentina | 1991 | Buenos Aires | RL 1st Test v Australia | 7 July 1995 | Sydney | Centre |
35. | Marc Ellis | RU Test v Scotland | 1993 | Edinburgh | RL 1st Test v Great Britain | 9 May 1996 | Auckland | Back |
36. | Craig Innes | RU Test v Wales | 1989 | Cardiff | RL Rest of the World v Australia | 11 July 1997 | Brisbane | Back |
37. | Sonny Bill Williams | RL Anzac Test v Australia | 2004 | Newcastle | RU Test v England | 6 Nov 2010 | Twickenham | Centre |
All Golds
The 1907 Professional All Blacks (derisively referred to by the New Zealand press as the All Golds) left New Zealand in August 1907 for their ground-breaking tour of Britain via Sydney. The squad contained eight former All Blacks in George Smith, Thomas Cross, William Mackrell, Herbert Turtill, Duncan McGregor, Eric Watkins, Massa Johnston and Edgar Wrigley. These men became New Zealand's first dual-code internationals at the point they first played on the ten-month tour.
The three matches in Sydney between 17 and 24 August against professional New South Wales rugby rebels were played under rugby union rules so do not qualify as international rugby league appearances. But full internationals under "Northern Union" (rugby league) rules were played against Wales in Aberdare on 1 Januard 1908 and three Tests against Great Britain in Leeds on 25 January 1907, Chelsea on 8 February 1907 and Cheltenham on 15 February 1908. Three Test matches were played in Australia on the homeward leg before the All Golds arrived home in June 1908 having played 48 games (tour matches and Tests) as internationals.
Samoa
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Earl Va'a | RWC v Japan | 1996 | Wrexham | RL Pacific Cup v Fiji | Nov 1994 | Suva | Half-back |
2. | Apollo Perelini | RWC v Wales | 1991 | Cardiff | RLWC v France | 12 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Forward |
Scotland
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Alex Laidlaw | RU Test v Ireland [67] | 1897 | Edinburgh | RL Test Other Nationalities v England | 1905 or 1906 | Bradford or Wigan | Forward |
2. | Roy Muir Kinnear | British Lions v South Africa[68] | 1924 | Durban | RL 1st Test Great Britain v Australia | 5 Oct 1929 | Hull | Centre |
3. | Dave Valentine | RU Five Nations v Ireland [69] | 1947 | Edinburgh | RL 1st Test Great Britain v Australia | 9 Oct 1948 | Leeds | Forward |
4. | David Rose | RU Test v France[70] | 1951 | Colombes | RLWC Great Britain v Australia | 13 Nov 1954 | Paris | Three-quarter |
5. | Alan Tait | RWC v France [71] | 1987 | Christchurch | RLWC Great Britain v Australia | 24 Oct 1992 | London | Back |
6. | Andy Craig | RL Test v Wales | 1999 | Glasgow | RU Test v Canada [72] | 15 June 2002 | Vancouver | Centre |
South Africa
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Alan Skene | RU Test v France | 1958 | Ellis Park Stadium | RL Test v Australia | 20 July 1963 | Lang Park | Centre, Centre |
2. | Colin Greenwood | RU Test v Ireland | 1961 | Newlands Stadium | RL Test v Australia | 20 July 1963 | Lang Park | Centre, Stand-off/Five-eighth |
3. | Gary Botha | RL Test v British Amateur Rugby League Association | 1999 | RU Test v Australia | 2005 | Loftus Versfeld | ||
Tonga
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Asa Amone | Rugby World Cup | 1987 | Ballymore, Brisbane | RLWC | 1995 | Wilderspool Stadium, Warrington | Fly-half |
2. | Tevita Vaikona | RLWC v New Zealand | 1995 | Warrington | RU PNC v Japan | 4 June 2006 | Fukuoka | Winger |
3. | Taniela Moa | 2011 RLWC | 2011 | Halfback | ||||
4. | Salesi Finau | RLWC | 1995 | Warrington | 1998 | Tonga | Winger |
United States
No. | Player | Test debut[2] | Year | At | Cross-code debut [2] | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | David Niu | RL Test v ? | ? | RU Test v ? | ? | |||
2. | Leonard Peters | RU Test v ? | ? | RL Test v ? | ? | |||
3. | Luke Hume | RL Test v ? | ? | RU Test v Canada | 9 June 2012 | Kingston | ||
4. | Gabriel Farley | RLWC v Cook Islands | 2013 | Hong Kong Football Club Stadium | Colonial Cup v Canada | 2013 | Toronto | Centre |
Wales
No. | Player | Int'l Debut | Year | At | Cross Code Debut | Date | At | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Jack Rhapps | RU Test v England | 1897 | Newport | RL Test Other Nationalities v England | 5 Apr 1904 | Wigan | Forward |
2. | David Jones | RU Test v England | 1902 | London | RL Test v New Zealand All Golds[73] | 1 Jan 1908 | Aberdare | Forward |
3. | Billy O'Neill | RU Test v Scotland | 1904 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 28 Dec 1908 | Broughton | Forward |
4. | William Dowell | RU Test v England | 1907 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 28 Dec 1908 | Broughton | Forward |
5. | Jake Blackmore | RU Test v England | 1909 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 10 Dec 1910 | Coventry | Forward |
6. | Ben Gronow | RU Test v France | 1910 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 10 Dec 1910 | Coventry | Forward |
7. | Ernie Jenkins | RU Test v England | 1910 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 10 Dec 1910 | Coventry | Forward |
8. | Joseph Pugsley | RU Test v Scotland | 1910 | London | RL Test v Australia | 7 Oct 1911 | Ebbw Vale | Forward |
9. | William Evans | RU Test v Ireland | 1911 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 20 Jan 1912 | Oldham | Forward |
10. | Percy Coldrick | RU Test v England | 1911 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 15 Feb 1913 | Plymouth | Forward |
11. | Gus Merry | RU Test v Ireland | 1912 | Belfast | RL Test v England | 15 Feb 1913 | Plymouth | Forward |
12. | William Davies | RU Test v Scotland | 1912 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 14 Apr 1914 | Swansea | Back |
13. | Rees Richards | RU Test v Scotland | 1913 | Inverleith | RL Test v England | 14 Apr 1914 | Swansea | Forward |
14. | Bobby Lloyd | RU Test v Scotland | 1913 | Inverleith | RL Test Great Britain v Australia | 3 July 1920 | Sydney | Half-back |
15. | Brinley Williams | RU Test v Scotland | 1920 | Inverleith | RL Test v England | 19 Jan 1921 | Leeds | Back |
16. | Ike Fowler | RU Test v New Zealand Army XV | 1919 | Swansea | RL Test Other Nationalities v England | 5 Feb 1921 | Workington | Back |
17. | Wick Powell | RU Test v England | 1920 | Swansea | RL Test Other Nationalities v England | 5 Feb 1921 | Workington | Back |
18. | Edgar Morgan | RU Test v Ireland | 1920 | Cardiff | RL Test Great Britain v Australia | 1 Oct 1921 | Leeds | Forward |
19. | George Oliver | RU Test v England | 1920 | Swansea | RL Test v Australia | 10 Dec 1921 | Pontypridd | Forward |
20. | Frank Evans | RU Test v Scotland | 1921 | Swansea | RL Test v Australia | 10 Dec 1921 | Pontypridd | Back |
21. | Jerry Shea | RU Test v New Zealand Army XV | 1919 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 11 Dec 1922 | London | Back |
22. | Wilfred Hodder | RU Test v England | 1921 | London | RL Test Wales v England | 11 Dec 1922 | London | Forward |
23. | Dai Edwards | RU Test v England | 1921 | London | RL Test v England | 7 Feb 1923 | Wigan | Forward |
24. | Joe Thompson | RU Test v England | 1923 | London | RL Test v England | 1 Oct 1923 | Huddersfield | Forward |
25. | Johnny Ring | RU Test v England | 1921 | London | RL Test Great Britain v Australia | 23 Jun 1924 | Sydney | Back |
26. | Ambrose Baker | RU Test v Ireland | 1921 | Belfast | RL Test v England | 7 Feb 1925 | Workington | Forward |
27. | Mel Rosser | RU Test v Scotland | 1924 | Inverleith | RL Test v England | 12 Apr 1926 | Pontypridd | Back |
28. | Joseph Jones | RU Test v France | 1924 | Paris | RL Test v England | 12 Apr 1926 | Pontypridd | Back |
29. | Bryn Phillips | RU Test v England | 1925 | London | RL Test v England | 12 Apr 1926 | Pontypridd | Back |
30. | Jack Gore | RU Test v Ireland | 1924 | Cardiff | RL Test v New Zealand | 4 Dec 1926 | Pontypridd | Forward |
31. | David Morgan Jenkins | RU Test v England | 1926 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 26 Apr 1927 | Broughton | Forward |
32. | Emlyn Watkins | RU Test v Scotland | 1926 | Edinburgh | RL Test v England | 6 Apr 1927 | Salford | Forward |
33. | David Jenkins | RU Test v Australia | 1927 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 6 Apr 1927 | Salford | Forward |
34. | Candy Evans | RU Test v England | 1924 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 14 Nov 1928 | Cardiff | Forward |
35. | Edwin Williams | RU Test v New Zealand | 1924 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 14 Nov 1928 | Cardiff | Half-back |
36. | Tommy Rees | RU Test v Ireland | 1926 | Swansea | RL Test Great Britain v Australia | 5 Oct 1929 | Hull | Back |
37. | Billy Williams | RU Test v England | 1927 | London | RL Test Great Britain v Australia | 15 Jan 1930 | Rochdale | Forward |
38. | Gwyn Davies | RU Test v France | 1928 | Paris | RL Test v England | 27 Jan 1932 | Salford | Back |
39. | Trevor 'Ocker' Thomas | RU Test v England | 1930 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 27 Jan 1932 | Salford | Forward |
40. | Norman Fender | RU Test v Ireland | 1930 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 27 Jan 1932 | Salford | Forward |
41. | Dicky Ralph | RU Test v France | 1931 | Swansea | RL Test v Australia | 30 Dec 1933 | Wembley | Half-back |
42. | Iorrie Isaacs | RU Test v England | 1933 | London | RL Test v Australia | 30 Dec 1933 | Wembley | Forward |
43. | Lewis Rees | RU Test v Ireland | 1933 | Belfast | RL Test v France | 1 Jan 1935 | Bordeaux | Forward |
44. | Gomer Hughes | RU Test v England | 1934 | Cardiff | RL Test v France | 1 Jan 1935 | Wigan | Forward |
45. | Con Murphy | RU Test v England | 1935 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 1 Jan 1935 | Bordeaux | Forward |
46. | Bert Day | RU Test v Scotland | 1930 | Edinburgh | RL Test v England | 10 Apr 1935 | Liverpool | Forward |
47. | Tommy Scourfield | RU Test v France | 1930 | Paris | RL Test v England | 10 Apr 1935 | Liverpool | Back |
48. | Jack Morley | RU Test v England | 1929 | London | RL 1st Test Great Britain v Australia | 19 Jun 1936 | Sydney | Back |
49. | Dai Prosser | RU Test v Scotland | 1934 | Murrayfield | RL Test v England | 7 Nov 1936 | Pontypridd | Forward |
50. | Harold Thomas | RU Test v England | 1936 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 5 Nov 1938 | Llanelli | Forward |
51. | Arthur Bassett | RU Test v Ireland | 1934 | Swansea | RL Test v England | 23 Dec 1939 | Odsal | Back |
52. | Sydney Williams | RU Test v England | 1939 | London | RL Test v England | 9 Nov 1940 | Oldham | Back |
53. | Eddie Watkins | RU Test v New Zealand | 1935 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 18 Oct 1941 | Bradford | Forward |
54. | Emrys Evans | RU Test v England | 1937 | London | RL Test v England | 10 Mar 1945 | Wigan | Forward |
55. | Idwal Davies | RU Test v England | 1939 | London | RL Test v England | 10 Mar 1945 | Wigan | Back |
56. | Willie Davies | RU Test v Ireland | 1936 | Cardiff | RL Test Great Britain v New Zealand | 1 Aug 1946 | Auckland | Half-back |
57. | George Parsons | RU Test v England | 1947 | Cardiff | RL Test v Australia | 20 Nov 1948 | Swansea | Forward |
58. | Leslie Williams | RU Test v England | 1947 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 22 Oct 1949 | Wigan | Back |
59. | Terence Cook | RU Test v Scotland | 1949 | Edinburgh | RL Test v Other Nationalities | 31 Mar 1951 | Swansea | Back |
60. | Ray Cale | RU Test v England | 1949 | Cardiff | RL Test v Other Nationalities | 1 Dec 1951 | Swansea | Forward |
61. | Lewis Jones | RU Test v England | 1950 | London | RL Test v France | 13 Dec 1953 | Marseilles | Back |
62. | Garfield Owen | RU Test v Ireland | 1955 | Cardiff | RL Test v France | 1 Mar 1959 | Toulouse | Back |
63. | Colin Evans | RU Test v England | 1960 | London | RL Test v England | 17 Feb 1963 | Toulouse | Half-back |
64. | John Mantle | RU Test v England | 1964 | London | RL Test v England | 16 Jan 1966 | Perpignan | Forward |
65. | Malcolm Price | RU Test v England | 1959 | Cardiff | RL Test Great Britain v Australia | 21 Oct 1967 | Leeds | Back |
66. | John Warlow | RU Test v England | 1962 | Cardiff | RL Test Great Britain v France | 2 June 1968 | Auckland | Forward |
67. | Kel Coslett | RU Test v England | 1962 | London | RL Test v England | 7 Nov 1968 | Salford | Back |
68. | David Watkins | RU Test v England | 1963 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 7 Nov 1968 | Salford | Back |
69. | Terry Price | RU Test v England | 1965 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 7 Nov 1968 | Salford | Back |
70. | Maurice Richards | RU Test v Ireland | 1968 | Lansdowne Road | RL Test v France | 23 Oct 1969 | Salford | Back |
71. | Keith Jarrett | RU Test v England | 1967 | Cardiff | RL Test vs France | 25 Jan 1970 | Perpignan | Back |
72. | Keri Jones | RU Test v New Zealand | 1967 | Cardiff | RL Test Great Britain v New Zealand | 31 Oct 1970 | Swinton | Back |
73. | Roy Mathias | RU Test v France | 1970 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 2 Mar 1975 | Toulouse | Back |
74. | Bobby Wanbon | RU Test v England | 1968 | London | RL Test v England | 10 Jun 1975 | Brisbane | Forward |
75. | Stuart Gallacher | RU Test v France | 1970 | Cardiff | RL Test v New Zealand | 2 Nov 1975 | Swansea | Forward |
76. | John Bevan | RU Test v England | 1971 | Cardiff | RL 1st Test Great Britain v Australia | 15 Jun 1974 | Brisbane | Back |
77. | Glyn Shaw | RU Test v New Zealand | 1972 | Cardiff | RL Test v France | 15 Jan 1978 | Widnes | Forward |
78. | Clive Griffiths | RU Test v England | 1979 | Cardiff | RL Test v France | 26 Jan 1980 | Widnes | Back |
79. | Tom David | RU Test v France | 1973 | Paris | RL match v England | 8 Nov 1981 | Cardiff | Back |
80. | Steve Fenwick | RU Test v France | 1975 | Paris | RL match v England | 8 Nov 1981 | Cardiff | Back |
81. | Paul Ringer | RU Test v New Zealand | 1978 | Cardiff | RL Test v England | 8 Nov 1981 | Cardiff | Forward |
82. | Brynmor Williams | RU Test British Lions v New Zealand | 1977 | Wellington | RL Test v England | 24 Oct 1982 | Cardiff | Half-back |
83. | David Bishop | RU Test v Australia | 1984 | Cardiff | RL Test Great Britain v France | 7 Apr 1990 | Leeds | Half-back |
84. | Robert Ackerman | RU Test v New Zealand | 1980 | Cardiff | RL Test v Papua New Guinea | 17 Oct 1991 | Swansea | Back |
85. | Gary Pearce | RU Test v Ireland | 1981 | Cardiff | RL Test v Papua New Guinea | 17 Oct 1991 | Swansea | Half-back |
86. | Mark Jones | RU Test v Scotland | 1987 | Edinburgh | RL Test Great Britain v France | 16 Feb 1992 | Perpignan | Forward |
87. | Richard Webster | RU Test v Australia | 1987 | Rotorua | RL Test v France | 4 Mar 1994 | Cardiff | Forward |
88. | Jonathan Davies | RU Test v England | 1985 | Cardiff | RL 1st Test v Australia | 22 Oct 1994 | London | Back |
89. | Dai Young | RWC Qtr-final v England | 1987 | Brisbane | RLWC v France | 9 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Forward |
90. | Adrian Hadley | RU Test v Romania | 1983 | Bucharest | RLWC v France | 9 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Back |
91. | John Devereux | RU Test v England | 1986 | London | RLWC v France | 9 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Back |
92. | Paul Moriarty | RU Test v Ireland | 1986 | Dublin | RLWC v France | 9 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Forward |
93. | Rowland Phillips | RU Test v USA | 1987 | Cardiff | RLWC v France | 9 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Forward |
94. | Allan Bateman | RU Test v Scotland | 1990 | Cardiff | RLWC v France | 9 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Back |
95. | Scott Gibbs | RU Test v England | 1991 | Cardiff | RLWC v France | 9 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Back |
96. | Scott Quinnell | RU Test v Canada | 1993 | Cardiff | RLWC v France | 9 Oct 1995 | Cardiff | Forward |
97. | Iestyn Harris | RLWC v France | 1995 | Cardiff | RU v Argentina | 10 Nov 2001 | Cardiff | Back |
98. | Anthony Sullivan | RLWC v France | 1995 | Cardiff | RU v Argentina | 10 Nov 2001 | Cardiff | Back |
99. | Gareth Thomas | RUWC v Japan | 1995 | Bloemfontein | RL Test v Italy | 6 Oct 2010 | Wrexham | Back |
More than one country
Dally Messenger
One week after his final Test appearance as a Wallaby, Messenger, who was born in Australia, toured Great Britain at the invitation of the All Golds in 1907 . His international rugby league debut was made on that tour representing New Zealand. His Australian international Test debut was made in Sydney in Australia's inaugural rugby league Test v the Kiwis on 9 May 1908. He made six further international rugby league appearances for Australia. His RU appearances for Australia and his subsequent RL appearance for New Zealand make him a dual country dual-code international. His international RL appearances for New Zealand and then Australia make him a dual-code international who represented two countries in one of those codes.
Emosi Koloto
Koloto grew up in New Zealand playing rugby union and represented Tonga in the code before switching to league and moving to England. He was called up into the Kiwis in 1991 from the Widnes club and played five tests that year.
John Schuster
Schuster first played rugby union, representing both Samoa and New Zealand. Later he switched to rugby league and captained Western Samoa in their two pool games at the 1995 World Cup.
Henry Paul
Paul was born in New Zealand. His senior club rugby league career was played in England but between 1995 and 2001 he regularly returned to New Zealand to make international appearances for the Kiwis. When he switched to union in 2002 he became eligible to represent England by ancestry of his grandfather and he did so in 2002.
Brad Thorn
Thorn was born in Mosgiel, New Zealand. From age eight he played rugby league in Queensland and at twenty-two he represented for Australia (Super League) during the Super League split year. When the code re-united in 1998 he also represented in the Australia national (ARL) side.
In 2001 he moved to New Zealand and switched to rugby union. He appeared in twelve Tests for the All Blacks from 2003. For 2005-06 he returned to the National Rugby League in Australia, winning a premiership with the Brisbane Broncos and representing at state level. In 2008 he switched to rugby union for a second time and was again selected for the All Blacks. He is thus a dual-code and dual-country international who has made the code switch twice and has represented internationally at rugby union in two different stages of his career.
Michael Horak
Horak was born in South Africa and represented for the South Africa national rugby league team. He switched to rugby union in 1998 moving to England to play with the Leicester Tigers. He qualifies to represent England via his English mother and did so in 2002.
Lesley Vainikolo
Vainikolo was born in Tonga but raised in New Zealand playing rugby league at school. His league club career was played with the Canberra Raiders in Australia and the Bradford Bulls in England. During that period he made twelve national representative appearances for Kiwis.
He took up union with Gloucester Rugby in 2007. He was eligible to play for Tonga by birth, New Zealand by parentage or England by residence. He had previously declined to play for Tonga in the 2007 Rugby World Cup so that he could play for his adopted nation. He made his international rugby union debut for England v Wales in February 2008 and played in five tests that season.
Craig Gower
After a successful eleven year Australian rugby league career from 1996 to 2007 with the Penrith Panthers during which he made five State of Origin appearances for New South Wales and twenty-three Test appearances for Australia (5 x Super League and 18 ARL), Gower moved to Europe, switched codes and signed with French rugby union side Bayonne from 2008. He is eligible to play for Italy through the heritage of his Italian grandfather. He was selected for Italy on their mid-season tour of Australia and New Zealand in 2009.
Shontayne Hape
Hape, a New Zealand Mãori, had a very successful rugby league career in both hemispheres, first with the New Zealand Warriors in the NRL (1999–2002) and then with the Bradford Bulls in Super League (2003–2008). He made his Test debut for New Zealand in the 2004 Tri-Nations, and eventually appeared in 14 Tests for New Zealand. Hape switched codes in 2008, signing with Bath, for whom he still plays. Under IRB rules, he was already eligible to represent England on residency grounds, having lived there for well over the three years required to qualify. Hape made his union Test debut for England in 2010 against Australia.
Maurie Fa'asavalu
Maurie Fa'asavalu is a Samoan rugby union player who formerly played rugby league for St Helens. He was picked in the Great Britain rugby league squad after living in England for 4 years. He also played for England in the 2008 Rugby League World Cup
Bill Hardcastle
A New Zealander and an 1897 All Black, Hardcastle journeyed to Sydney in 1899 on hearing that the visiting British rugby union team would be not be travelling to New Zealand. Australian rugby in those days had no residential rules and once he joined Sydney's Glebe RU club he qualified for Australian national selection. He was chosen for Australia in the fourth test of 1899 against Great Britain.
In rugby league he made two Test appearances for Australia and six minor appearances on the 1908 Kangaroo tour.
Va'aiga Tuigamala
Tuigamala initially represented New Zealand in rugby union and gained the nickname “Inga the Winger”. He then switched codes, joining Wigan in 1993. While playing league he represented Western Samoa at the 1995 World Cup. When rugby union turned professional he returned to his original code. Between 1996 and 2000 he represented Samoa in rugby union.
Lote Tuqiri
Born in Fiji, Tuqiri was a junior Australian rugby league international at age 19 in 1998. When he missed selection for Australia's 2000 Rugby League World Cup squad he opted to play for Fiji and captained the side in their three pool match appearances. He later played four rugby league Tests for Australia in 2001 before his 2003 switch to union and a long international representative career in that code.
Fred Jackson
Jackson toured Australasia with the 1908 Anglo-Welsh Lions. However, during the tour he was accused of professionalism and recalled to England by the Rugby Football Union. Jackson left the touring party but failed to return to England to face the accusations. In 1910 Jackson played rugby league in New Zealand and represented both Auckland and New Zealand against the touring Great Britain side.
First dual-code rugby international
England's Anthony Starks and Wales' Jack Rhapps took the field in the inaugural rugby league international of 5 April 1904 between England and Other Nationalities[74] Starks had made two rugby union Test appearances for England in 1896, and Rhapps had made a single rugby union Test appearance for Wales in 1897, and thus in April 1904 they became the world's first dual rugby code internationals.
The first tour matches played by the New Zealand All Golds in Britain in Nov & Dec 1907 would have seen international cross-code debuts by some of the seven touring former All Blacks. At this stage of the tour the New Zealanders were still familiarising themselves with the new Northern Union rules which they had not seen until they arrived in Leeds in October.[75] The first full international of the tour against Wales on New Year's Day 1908 saw confirmed appearances by Mackrell,[4] Turtill, Wrigley, Johnston & Cross [35] for New Zealand and David Jones[73] for Wales. Thus New Zealand's first five dual-code rugby internationals all achieved that feat in the same match.[35]
Other firsts and lasts
- First man to debut in rugby league before debuting in union - Karl Ifwersen Sept 1921.[53]
- Last man to debut in rugby league before debuting in rugby union - Fabrice Estebanez, Tasesa Lavea, November 2010.
- Last man to debut in rugby union before debuting in rugby league - Mirco Bergamasco, October 2016.
- Most recent dual rugby code international - Mirco Bergamasco, October 2016.
- Most dual code internationals to debut in the same game - in Wales' first pool game of the 1995 Rugby League World Cup at Ninian Park, Cardiff on 9 Oct 1995, eight Welsh former rugby union international made their cross-code international debuts.
Dual-code internationals who also represented in a third sport
Michael Cleary represented Australia in track & field at the Commonwealth Games making him an international at the senior level in three sports. Dick Thornett achieved the same distinction having also represented for Australia in water polo at the 1960 Rome Olympics.
Disputed dual-code rugby internationals
Robert Graves
Robert Graves is erroneously excluded from some published sources listing Australian dual-code internationals (including a number of editions of David Middletons' Australian Rugby League Yearbook). This is most likely because his single Wallaby appearance was made as a reserve.
Len Smith
Len Smith's international status in rugby league is undoubted, despite the infamy of his 1948 selection controversy. Both his international league appearances were made as captain. What is contested is whether he ever made an international rugby union appearance.
Smith was selected as an Australian rugby union international for the ill-fated 1939 tour of Great Britain. Docking at Southampton the day before World War II was declared, the team left England without playing a game. The Whiticker reference records that "the squad played an exhibition match in Bombay on the journey home so that the players could be afforded international status".[76] However rugby league historian Sean Fagan casts doubt on this, citing his 1998 interview with Smith where Smith said the game was played between one-half of the touring squad against the other with the numbers made up by military personnel on hand in Bombay. This is supported by the Pollard reference which records that the Australia played against a "Gymkhana XV made up of military men and others".
See also
- Comparison of rugby league and rugby union
- Players who have converted from one football code to another
Footnotes
- 1 2 Where two players made a simultaneous cross-code debut, ranking is by chronology of the initial international debut.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tour match international debut shown only where it was the player's highest international appearance; otherwise Test debuts shown. For players who made their cross-code international debut in a tour match but then later appeared in a Test match, this delays the recognition of their DCI status in this listing
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/1918.html
- 1 2 3 4 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=521
- ↑ Whitaker (Captaining The Kangaroos) p16
- 1 2 http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19058.html
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Andrews pp19-49
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/player/1666.html
- 1 2 http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19078.html
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19102.html
- ↑ Whitaker (Captaining The Kangaroos) p34
- ↑ Hardcastle had earlier debuted for the All Blacks v N.S.W in Sydney in 1897.
- ↑ Whitaker (Captaining The Kangaroos) p20
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/player/1662.html
- ↑ Whitaker (Captaining The Kangaroos) p42
- 1 2 3 http://www.databaseolympics.com/games/gamessport.htm?g=5&sp=RUG
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19138.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/player/2166.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/2414.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/2528.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/4117.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/4827.html
- ↑ Whitaker (Captaining The Kangaroos) p160
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/4967.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/5243.html
- ↑ Whitaker (Captaining The Kangaroos) p202
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/6205.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/6601.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/australia/rugby/player/6606.html
- ↑ Whitaker (Captaining The Kangaroos) p244
- ↑ Whitaker (Captaining The Kangaroos) p280
- ↑ "Chris Ashton England Statistics at englandrl.co.uk". englandrl.co.uk. 31 December 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ↑ Coffey and Wood The Kiwis: 100 Years of International Rugby League ISBN 1-86971-090-8
- ↑ http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=190
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Shawn Dollin. "Wales vs New Zealand 1908". Archived from the original on 2009-08-11. Retrieved 2009-08-09.
- ↑ http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=990
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=904
- ↑ http://www.rleague.com/db/article.php?id=29285 Turtill's All Gold appearances
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=438
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=805
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=568
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=927
- 1 2 3 4 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=825
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=23
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19058.html
- ↑ http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=409
- ↑ http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/matches/New_Zealand_vs_England_1910/New_Zealand-vs-England.html
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=314
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=623
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=287
- 1 2 3 4 5 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=370
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19180.html
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=417
- 1 2 3 4 5 The ARU since 1986 have considered these matches as Test matches, the NZRU does not.
- 1 2 http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/matches/New_Zealand_vs_England_1924/Game_1/New_Zealand-vs-England.html
- ↑ http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/matches/New_Zealand_vs_England_1924/Game_2/New_Zealand-vs-England.html
- ↑ http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=133
- ↑ http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/matches/New_Zealand_vs_England_1926/Game_1/England-vs-New_Zealand.html
- ↑ http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/matches/New_Zealand_vs_England_1932/Game_1/New_Zealand-vs-England.html
- ↑ http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=494
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=539
- 1 2 http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=815
- ↑ http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=349
- ↑ http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/matches/England_vs_New_Zealand_1932/Game_3/England-vs-New_Zealand.html
- ↑ http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/profile.asp?ABID=789
- ↑ http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/matches/World_Cup_1989/Game_1/New_Zealand-vs-Australia.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/scotland/rugby/player/1263.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19280.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19614.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/19696.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/scotland/rugby/player/9848.html
- ↑ http://www.espnscrum.com/statsguru/rugby/match/24229.html
- 1 2 Brendan Gallagher (2 January 2008). "A real pro - 100 years ago". The telegraph. Retrieved 8 August 2008.
- ↑ England: W.B. Little (Halifax), full back; F. Spottiswoode (Oldham), G. Dickenson (Warrington), J. Lomas (Salford), J. Fish (Warrington), threequarters; J. Baxter (Rochdale Hornets), J. Morely (Halifax), half backs; A. Starks [c] (Hull K.R.), P. Tunney (Salford), J. Riley (Halifax), J.W. Bulmer (Halifax), J. Ferguson (Oldham), forwards. Other Nationalities: D. Smith (Salford), full back; D. Thomas (Salford), T.D. Llewellyn (Leeds), D. Harris (Wigan), D.J. Lewis (Oldham), threequarters; E. Davies (Wigan), P.J. Brady (Huddersfield), half backs; J. Rhapps (Salford), J.G. Moffatt (Leeds), G. Frater [c] (Oldham), D. Thomas (Oldham), H. Buckler (Salford), forwards
- ↑ http://www.newzealandatoz.com/index.php?pageid=826&All+Golds+Rugby+League+Team&PHPSESSID=864 All Golds Tour on New Zealand AtoZ.com
- ↑ Whiticker, Captaining the Kangaroos p129.
References
- Whiticker, Alan (2004) Captaining the Kangaroos, New Holland, Sydney
- Whiticker, Alan & Hudson, Glen (2006) The Encyclopedia of Rugby League Players, Gavin Allen Publishing, Sydney
- Andrews, Malcolm (2006) The ABC of Rugby League Austn Broadcasting Corpn, Sydney
- Pollard, Jack (1984) Australian Rugby Union: The Game and the Players Angus and Robertson Publishing
- Fagan, Sean (2000–2006) http://www.rl1908.com
Further reading
- Bob Howitt, John Deaker (2008). The Converts: Changing Codes. HarperCollins. ISBN 9781869506360.