Lumnitzera
| Lumnitzera | |
|---|---|
_-_Kung_Krabaen%2C_Chantaburi_province%2C_Thailand.JPG) | |
| Lumnitzera racemosa (flowering) - Kung Krabaen, Chantaburi province, Thailand | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Combretaceae |
| Genus: | Lumnitzera Willd. (1803)[1] |
| Species | |
|
Lumnitzera littorea | |
 | |
| Range of Lumnitzera[1] | |
Lumnitzera is an Indo-West Pacific mangrove genus in the family Combretaceae. An English common name is black mangrove.[2] Lumnitzera, named after the German botanist, Stephan Lumnitzer (1750-1806), occurs in mangroves from East Africa to the Western Pacific (including Fiji and Tonga), and northern Australia.[1]
The genus has two species of similar vegetative appearance but with differing flower colour. Lumnitzera littorea has red flowers whereas Lumnitzera racemosa has white flowers. Both species have flat and spoon-shaped (spathulate) leaves with emarginate tips. L. racemosa dominates in the western part of the range and L. littorea dominates in the east. Hybrids occur within the zone of overlap (Lumnitzera × rosea).[1]
Three genera of the tropical woody family Combretaceae, Laguncularia, Conocarpus, and Lumnitzera, are found in mangroves but Lumnitzera is the only one to occur in the Indo-West Pacific mangroves, including Australia.[1]
Lumnitzera racemosa var. racemosa (Tonga mangrove, Afrikaans: Tonga-wortelboom, Zulu: Isikhaha-esibomvu) is a protected tree in South Africa.[3]
List of species
The total world list of Lumnitzera species is 3,[4] namely L. littorea, L. racemosa and L. X rosea - others are synonyms, or incorrectly assigned names:
- Lumnitzera caesia Spreng. (Unresolved) [5]
- Lumnitzera capitata (Roth) Spreng. synonym of Platostoma hispidum (L.) A.J.Paton [6]
- Lumnitzera carnosa Spreng. synonym of Ocimum carnosum (Spreng.) Link & Otto ex Benth. [7]
- Lumnitzera coccinea Wight & Arn. synonym of Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt [8]
- Lumnitzera densiflora (Roth) Spreng. synonym of Isodon rugosus (Wall. ex Benth.) Codd [9]
- Lumnitzera fastigiata (Roth) Spreng. synonym of Salvia plebeia R.Br. [10]
- Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt [11]
- Lumnitzera lutea C.Presl (Unresolved) [12]
- Lumnitzera montana F.Muell. (Unresolved) [13]
- Lumnitzera moschata (R.Br.) Spreng. synonym of Plectranthus parviflorus Willd. [14]
- Lumnitzera ocimoides Jacq. ex Spreng. synonym of Mosla dianthera (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Maxim. [15]
- Lumnitzera pedicellata C.Presl (Unresolved) [16]
- Lumnitzera pentandra Griff. (Unresolved) [17]
- Lumnitzera polystachyon (L.) J.Jacq. ex Spreng. synonym of Basilicum polystachyon (L.) Moench [18]
- Lumnitzera prostrata (L.) Spreng. synonym of Platostoma menthoides (L.) A.J.Paton [19]
- Lumnitzera purpurea (Gaudich.) C. Presl synonym of Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt [20]
- Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. [21]
- Lumnitzera racemosa var. pubescens Koord. & Valeton synonym of Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. [22]
- Lumnitzera racemosa var. racemosa synonym of Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. [23]
- Lumnitzera rosea (Gaudich.) C. Presl synonym of Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. [24]
- Lumnitzera rubicunda (D.Don) Spreng. synonym of Orthosiphon rubicundus (D.Don) Benth. [25]
- Lumnitzera salvioides (B.Heyne ex Roth) Spreng. synonym of Plectranthus salvioides (B.Heyne ex Roth) Benth. [26]
- Lumnitzera tenuiflora (L.) Spreng. synonym of Ocimum tenuiflorum L. [27]
- Lumnitzera virgata (D.Don) Spreng. synonym of Orthosiphon rubicundus (D.Don) Benth. [28]
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Lumnitzera". University of Queensland. Retrieved 30 June 2010.
- ↑ "Lumnitzera". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
- ↑ "Protected Trees" (PDF). Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa. 3 May 2013.
- ↑ Duke, Norman C (2013). World Mangrove ID: expert information at your fingertips. Currumbin, Queensland: MangroveWatch Publications. ISBN 9780992365905.
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115712
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115713
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115714
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2338863
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115715
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115716
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2338856
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2338848
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2338857
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115717
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115718
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2338858
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2338859
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115719
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115720
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-50309083
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2338861
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-50309088
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-8200505
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/tro-50309089
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115721
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115722
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115723
- ↑ http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-115724
External links
Media related to Lumnitzera at Wikimedia Commons