m-Xylene

m-Xylene
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
1,3-Xylene
Systematic IUPAC name
1,3-Dimethylbenzene
Other names
m-Xylene
Identifiers
108-38-3 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:28488 N
ChEMBL ChEMBL286727 N
ChemSpider 7641 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.252
KEGG C07208 N
PubChem 7929
RTECS number ZE2275000
UNII O9XS864HTE N
Properties
C8H10
Molar mass 106.16 g/mol
Appearance Colorless liquid
Density 0.86 g/mL
Melting point −48 °C (−54 °F; 225 K)
Boiling point 139 °C (282 °F; 412 K)
insoluble
Solubility in ethanol very soluble
Solubility in diethyl ether very soluble
Vapor pressure 9 mmHg (20°C)[1]
1.49722
Viscosity 0.8059 cP at 0 °C
0.6200 cP at 20 °C
0.33-0.37 D[2]
Hazards
Main hazards Harmful or fatal if swallowed. Vapor harmful. Flammable liquid and vapor.
Safety data sheet See: data page
External MSDS
R-phrases R10 R20 R21 R38
S-phrases S25
NFPA 704
Flammability code 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g., gasoline) Health code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentine Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
3
1
0
Flash point 27 °C (81 °F; 300 K) [3]
527 °C (981 °F; 800 K)[3]
Explosive limits 1.1%-7.0%[1]
100 ppm[3] (TWA), 150 ppm[3] (STEL)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2010 ppm (mouse, 24 hr)
8000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)[4]
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) ST 150 ppm (655 mg/m3)[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 900 ppm[1]
Related compounds
benzene
toluene
o-xylene
p-xylene
Supplementary data page
Refractive index (n),
Dielectric constant (εr), etc.
Thermodynamic
data
 Phase behaviour
solid–liquid–gas
UV, IR, NMR, MS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

m-Xylene (or meta-xylene) is an aromatic hydrocarbon, based on benzene with two methyl substituents. It is an isomer of o-xylene and p-xylene. The m stands for meta, meaning the two methyl substituents are at locants 1 and 3 on the aromatic ring. m-Xylene is commonly produced in BTX processes, and separated as needed from the other aromatic hydrocarbons.

The major chemical use of meta-xylene is in the manufacture of isophthalic acid, which is used as a copolymerizing monomer to alter the properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), making PET more suitable for the manufacture of soft drinks bottles. To convert m-xylene on an industrial scale to isophthalic acid, the two methyl groups are both catalytically oxidized to carboxyl groups. It is also used as a raw material in the manufacture of 2,4- and 2,6-xylidine as well as a range of smaller-volume chemicals.[5]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0669". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ↑ DeanHandb, Lange´s Handbook of chemistry, 15th edition,1999.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "m-Xylene". International Chemical Safety Cards. IPCS/NIOSH. July 1, 2014.
  4. ↑ "Xylene (o-, m-, p-isomers)". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  5. ↑ Ashford's Dictionary of Industrial Chemicals, third edition, page 9692.
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