Maurice Koechlin

Maurice Koechlin
Born	Maurice Koechlin (1856-03-08)March 8, 1856 Buhl, France
Died	January 14, 1946(1946-01-14) (aged 89) Veytaux, Switzerland
Nationality	Swiss, French
Engineering career
Projects	Garabit Viaduct Eiffel Tower
Awards	Officer of the Legion d'Honneur

Maurice Koechlin (March 8, 1856 – January 14, 1946) was a Swiss structural engineer from the Koechlin family.

Life

Koechlin's first drawing for the Eiffel Tower

A member of the renowned Alsatian Koechlin family, he was born in Buhl, Haut-Rhin, the son of Jean Koechlin and his wife Anne Marie (Anaïs), née Beuck. He was the first cousin once removed of André Koechlin, and the great-grandfather of actress Kalki Koechlin.

When France lost the Franco-Prussian war to Prussia in 1870/1871 the Koechlin family as a whole decided to become citizens of Switzerland and thus dropped French citizenship. After the defeat of the German Empire in 1918, however, the Koechlin family again applied for French citizenship.^[1]

Maurice studied at the lycée in Mulhouse, then between 1873 and 1877 civil engineering at the Polytechnikum Zürich under Carl Culmann. In 1876 he became a citizen of Zurich ("Zürcher Bürger")^[2] Between 1877 and 1879 he worked for the French railway company "Chemin de Fer de l'Est".

Much of his work was done for Gustave Eiffel's "Compagnie des établissements Eiffel", which Koechlin joined in 1879. In 1886 Maurice married Emma Rossier (1867-1965). They had six children: three sons and three daughters. Maurice and Emma were lifelong members of the Plymouth Brethren.

In 1887 he started work on his plans for the "Tour de 300 mètres" in Paris, along with his younger brother Henri Koechlin and civil engineer Émile Nouguier. Maurice Koechlin became the Managing Director of Eiffel's company when Eiffel retired from the engineering profession in 1893. The company was renamed "Société de construction de Levallois-Perret".^[3]

Maurice Koechlin died in 1946 in Veytaux, Switzerland in a house built by himself in 1900.^[4]

Major designs

Major structural designs include:

• Garabit viaduct, (1880–1884);
• Armature for the Statue of Liberty - in collaboration with Frédéric Bartholdi, (1884); and
• Eiffel Tower, (1887–1889).

Honours and legacy

• Officer of the Légion d'honneur.

Though named after a project of Gustave Eiffel, the Eiffel Tower – symbol of Paris – has its structural concept and form from the responsible chief engineer Maurice Koechlin.

Koechlin was an engineer of outstanding ingenuity and well versed in the structural techniques of his time. He possessed therefore the best qualifications for evolving such technically innovative conceptions for which Eiffel and his firm were renowned.

— Trautz (2002)

Descendants

• Kalki Koechlin, an Indian film actress, through her father Joel, is a descendant of Maurice Koechlin.

Bibliography

• Koechlin, S. (2007a). "Maurice Koechlin". Site de la famile Koechlin (in French). Retrieved 2007-08-13. 
• — (2007b). "Maurice Koechlin et la Tour Eiffel". Site de la famile Koechlin (in French). Retrieved 2007-08-13. 
• Picon, A. (1997). L'art de l'ingénieur. Paris: Éditions du Centre Georges Pompidou. p. 253. ISBN 2-85850-911-5. 
• Trautz, M. (2002). "Maurice Koechlin Der eigentliche Erfinder des Eiffelturms" (PDF). Deutsche Bauzeitung. 136{4}: 105–111.  (in German)
• Walbrach, K. F. (2006). "Ohne ihn gäbe es keinen Eiffelturm: Maurice Koechlin (1856-1946)". Bautechnik. 83 (4): April.  (in German)
• Bergier, J.-F., Fabre-Koechlin, M., Dubas, P. (1990). "Dipl.Ing. Maurice Koechlin und der Eiffelturm" (PDF). Schriftenreihe der ETH-Bibliothek. 27.  CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) (in German and French)

Notes

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maurice Koechlin.

• "Maurice Koechlin". Nicolas Janberg's Structurae. Retrieved 2007-08-13.