Methionine—tRNA ligase

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, to be specific those forming carbon-oxygen bonds in aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming). Other names in common use include methionyl-tRNA synthetase, methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase, methionyl-transfer ribonucleate synthetase, methionyl-transfer RNA synthetase, methionine translase, and MetRS. This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: methionine metabolism, selenoamino acid metabolism, and aminoacyl-trna biosynthesis.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 21 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1A8H, 1F4L, 1MEA, 1MED, 1MKH, 1P7P, 1PFU, 1PFV, 1PFW, 1PFY, 1PG0, 1PG2, 1QQT, 1RQG, 1WOY, 2CSX, 2CT8, 2D54, 2D5B, 2DJV, and 2HSN.

References

Bergmann FH, Berg P, Dieckmann M (1961). "The enzymic synthesis of amino acyl derivatives of ribonucleic acid II. The preparation of leucyl-, valyl-, isoleucyl- and methionyl ribonucleic acid synthetases from Escherichia coli". J. Biol. Chem. 236: 1735–1740.
Lee CP, Dyson MR, Mandal N, Varshney U, Bahramian B, RajBhandary UL (1992). "Striking effects of coupling mutations in the acceptor stem on recognition of tRNAs by Escherichia coli Met-tRNA synthetase and Met-tRNA transformylase". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (19): 9262–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.19.9262. PMC 50106. PMID 1409632.

Enzymes: CO CS and CN ligases (EC 6.1-6.3)

6.1: Carbon-Oxygen	Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase Alanine Arginine Asparagine Aspartate Cysteine D-alanine—poly(phosphoribitol) ligase Glutamate Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine

6.2: Carbon-Sulfur	Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase Acetyl—CoA synthetase Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase

6.3: Carbon-Nitrogen	Glutamine synthetase Ubiquitin ligase Cullin Von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor UBE3A Mdm2 Anaphase-promoting complex UBR1 Glutathione synthetase CTP synthetase Adenylosuccinate synthase Argininosuccinate synthase Holocarboxylase synthetase GMP synthase Asparagine synthetase Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I II Glutamate–cysteine ligase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list)

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