Neognathostomata

Neognathostomata Temporal range: Lower Jurassic–recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N

Echinocyamus pusillus (Scutellina).
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Echinodermata
Class:	Echinoidea
Superorder:	Neognathostomata Smith, 1981
Orders
Cassiduloida Clypeasteroida Echinolampadoida

The Neognathostomata are a superorder of sea urchins.

Description and characteristics

They are distinguished from other sea urchins by their irregular shape and a highly modified feeding lantern. The group includes the well known sand dollars, as well as some less familiar and extinct forms.

Taxonomy

Test of a Clypeaster reticulatus (Clypeasterina).

Mellita longifissa (Scutellina, "sand dollar").

Fossil of an Echinolampas hemisphaericus (Echinolampadoida).

familia Apatopygidae Kier, 1962
familia Archiaciidae Cotteau & Triger, 1869 †
order Cassiduloida
- Super-familia Cassidulina (Philip, 1963b)
  - familia Cassidulidae (L. Agassiz and Desor, 1847)
- Super-familia Neolampadina (Philip, 1963b)
  - familia Neolampadidae (Lambert, 1918a)
  - familia Pliolampadidae (Kier, 1962) †
order Clypeasteroida A.Agassiz, 1872 ("sand dollars")
- sous-order Clypeasterina
  - familia Clypeasteridae L. Agassiz, 1835
  - familia Fossulasteridae Philip & Foster, 1971 †
  - familia Scutellinoididae Irwin, 1995 †
- familia Conoclypidae von Zittel, 1879 †
- familia Faujasiidae Lambert, 1905 †
- familia Oligopygidae Duncan, 1889 †
- familia Plesiolampadidae Lambert, 1905 †
- sous-order Scutellina
  - infra-order Laganiformes
    - familia Echinocyamidae Lambert & Thiéry, 1914
    - familia Fibulariidae Gray, 1855
    - familia Laganidae Desor, 1858
  - infra-order Scutelliformes
    - familia Echinarachniidae Lambert in Lambert & Thiéry, 1914
    - familia Eoscutellidae Durham, 1955 †
    - familia Protoscutellidae Durham, 1955 †
    - familia Rotulidae Gray, 1855
    - super-familia Scutellidea Gray, 1825
      - familia Abertellidae Durham, 1955 †
      - familia Astriclypeidae Stefanini, 1912
      - familia Dendrasteridae Lambert, 1900
      - familia Mellitidae Stefanini, 1912
      - familia Monophorasteridae Lahille, 1896 †
      - familia Scutasteridae Durham, 1955 †
      - familia Scutellidae Gray, 1825
    - familia Taiwanasteridae Wang, 1984
  - familia Scutellinidae Pomel, 1888a †
familia Clypeidae Lambert, 1898 †
familia Clypeolampadidae Kier, 1962 †
order Echinolampadoida
- familia Echinolampadidae Gray, 1851a
familia Nucleolitidae L. Agassiz & Desor, 1847 †
familia Pygaulidae Lambert, 1905 †
genus Pygolampas Saucède, Dudicourt & Courville, 2012 †

References

Barnes, Robert D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 981. ISBN 0-03-056747-5.
WoRMS. A. Kroh & R. Mooi, eds. "Neognathostomata". World Echinoidea Database. World Register of Marine Species.

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