NRXN1

NRXN1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3B3Q
Identifiers
Aliases	NRXN1, Hs.22998, PTHSL2, SCZD17, neurexin 1
External IDs	MGI: 1096391 HomoloGene: 21005 GeneCards: NRXN1
Gene ontology Molecular function • metal ion binding • calcium-dependent protein binding • neuroligin family protein binding • receptor binding • transmembrane signaling receptor activity • cell adhesion molecule binding • calcium ion binding • acetylcholine receptor binding • receptor activity • calcium channel regulator activity • protein binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • vesicle • nuclear membrane • membrane • plasma membrane • endocytic vesicle • axonal growth cone • synapse • cell surface • cell junction • neuronal cell body • endoplasmic reticulum • presynaptic membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • protein complex Biological process • calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules • receptor localization to synapse • heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules • NMDA glutamate receptor clustering • establishment of protein localization • neuron cell-cell adhesion • gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor clustering • neuronal signal transduction • gephyrin clustering involved in postsynaptic density assembly • postsynaptic density protein 95 clustering • learning • regulation of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor activity • negative regulation of filopodium assembly • positive regulation of establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane • presynaptic membrane assembly • regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity • vocalization behavior • neuroligin clustering involved in postsynaptic membrane assembly • adult behavior • positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic • postsynaptic membrane assembly • cell adhesion • angiogenesis • positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential • social behavior • guanylate kinase-associated protein clustering • synapse assembly • protein complex assembly involved in synapse maturation • synaptic vesicle clustering • protein localization to synapse • signal transduction • cerebellar granule cell differentiation • vocal learning • chemical synaptic transmission • regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus • axon guidance • positive regulation of synapse assembly • prepulse inhibition • neuromuscular process controlling balance • positive regulation of synapse maturation • neurotransmitter secretion • regulation of grooming behavior Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	9378	18189
Ensembl	ENSG00000179915	ENSMUSG00000024109
UniProt	P58400 Q9ULB1 Q49A31	P0DI97 Q9CS84
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001135659 NM_004801 NM_138735 NM_001320156 NM_001320157	NM_020252 NM_177284
RefSeq (protein)	NP_620072.1 NP_001129131.1 NP_004792.1 NP_620072.1 NP_004792.1 NP_004792.1 NP_620072.1	NP_064648.3 NP_796258.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 49.92 – 51.23 Mb	Chr 17: 90.03 – 91.09 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]
Wikidata

Neurexin-1-alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NRXN1 gene.^[3]

Neurexins are a family of proteins that function in the vertebrate nervous system as cell adhesion molecules and receptors. They are encoded by several unlinked genes of which two, NRXN1 and NRXN3, are among the largest known human genes. Three of the genes (NRXN1-3) utilize two alternate promoters and include numerous alternatively spliced exons to generate thousands of distinct mRNA transcripts and protein isoforms. The majority of transcripts are produced from the upstream promoter and encode alpha-neurexin isoforms; a much smaller number of transcripts are produced from the downstream promoter and encode beta-neurexin isoforms. The alpha-neurexins contain epidermal growth factor-like (EGF-like) sequences and laminin G domains, and have been shown to interact with neurexophilins. The beta-neurexins lack EGF-like sequences and contain fewer laminin G domains than alpha-neurexins.^[3]

Genomics

The gene is found in a single copy on the short arm of chromosome 2 (2p16.3). The gene is 1,112,187 bases in length, is located on the Crick (minus) strand and encodes a protein of 1,477 amino acids (molecular weight 161.883 kDa).

Mutation of this gene that interrupt its expression have been associated with Schizophrenia, autism, and intellectual disability (NRXN1 mutations and brain disorders).

Interactions

NRXN1 has been shown to interact with NLGN1.^[4][5]

References

Further reading

PDB gallery
1c4r: THE STRUCTURE OF THE LIGAND-BINDING DOMAIN OF NEUREXIN 1BETA: REGULATION OF LNS DOMAIN FUNCTION BY ALTERNATIVE SPLICING  2h0b: Crystal Structure of the second LNS/LG domain from Neurexin 1 alpha