Notiomastodon

Notiomastodon
Temporal range: Pleistocene, 1.81–0.78 Ma
↓
Restoration
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Proboscidea
Family: Gomphotheriidae
Genus: †Notiomastodon
Cabrera, 1929
Species

N. platensis

Notiomastodon is an extinct genus of proboscidean[1] endemic to South America[2] during the Pleistocene from 1.810 Ma—780,000 years ago, living for approximately 1.019 million years.[3]

Description

Skeletons of Stegomastodon (left) and Notiomastodon (right)

Notiomastodon platensis is known from MECN 82, a 35-year-old male that was 2.52 metres (8.3 ft) tall and weighed 4.4 tonnes (4.3 long tons; 4.9 short tons).[4] It had two tusks on either side of a trunk like other members of Gomphotheriidae. Its apparent range was the central to southern continent with fossils recovered in Tarija Province, Bolivia.[5] It would have probably shared its habitat with Haplomastodon based on genus age of existence and geography.

Paleobiology

Their diet consisted mainly of C3 and C4 grass.[6]

Taxonomy

Notiomastodon was named by Cabrera (1929). It is not extant. It was assigned to Gomphotheriidae by Carroll (1988).

References

  1. ↑ Shoshani, Jeheskel; Tassy, Pascal (2005). "Advances in proboscidean taxonomy & classification, anatomy & physiology, and ecology & behavior". Quaternary International. 126-128: 5–20. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2004.04.011. ISSN 1040-6182.
  2. ↑ Mothé, Dimila; Avilla, Leonardo S.; Cozzuol, Mario A. (2012). "The South American Gomphotheres (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae): Taxonomy, Phylogeny, and Biogeography". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. doi:10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3. ISSN 1064-7554.
  3. ↑ Paleobiology database: Notiomastodon basic info
  4. ↑ Larramendi, A. (2016). "Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 61. doi:10.4202/app.00136.2014.
  5. ↑ L. G. Marshall and T. Sempere. 1991. The Eocene to Pleistocene vertebrates of Bolivia and their stratigraphic context: a review. Fósiles y Facies de Bolivia - Vol. 1 Vertebrados (Revista Ténica de YPFB) 12(3-4):631-652
  6. ↑ Asevedo, Lidiane; Winck, Gisele R.; Mothé, Dimila; Avilla, Leonardo S. (2012). "Ancient diet of the Pleistocene gomphothere Notiomastodon platensis (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae) from lowland mid-latitudes of South America: Stereomicrowear and tooth calculus analyses combined". Quaternary International. 255: 42–52. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.08.037. ISSN 1040-6182.
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