Pachyarmatherium
| Pachyarmatherium Temporal range: Pliocene–Pleistocene | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Superorder: | Xenarthra |
| Order: | Cingulata |
| Family: | incertae sedis |
| Genus: | †Pachyarmatherium Downing & White (1995) |
| Species | |
|
†P. leiseyi Downing & White (1995) | |
Pachyarmatherium is a genus of extinct large armadillo-like cingulates found in North and South America from the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs, related to the extant armadillos and the extinct pampatheres and glyptodonts.[1] It was present from 4.9 Mya—40,000~12,000 years ago, existing for approximately 4.888 million years.
Taxonomy
Pachyarmatherium was named by Downing and White (1995). Its type is P. leiseyi. It was assigned to Dasypodoidea by Downing and White (1995), and tentatively to Glyptodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997).[2][3] However, a cladistic analysis performed by de O. Porpino et al. led to the conclusion that Pachyarmatherium is a sister group to a clade consisting of Glyptodontidae and Pampatheriidae.[1]
Fossil distribution of Pachyarmatherium
P. leiseyi
- Kissimmee River site, Tamiami Formation, Okeechobee County, Florida ~4.9—1.8 Mya.
- Haile 16A Site, Alachua County, Florida ~1.8 Mya.—300,000 years ago.
- Payne Creek Mine, Polk County, Florida ~1.8 Mya—300,000 years ago.
- Leisey Shell Pit 1A, Bermont Formation, Hillsborough County, Florida ~1.8—300,000 years ago.
P. tenebris
- Zumbador Cave (= Cueva del Zumbador)- Falcon, Capadre Formation, Venezuela~ Pleistocene[4][5]
- Cueva El Miedo (= Cave Fear), Capadre Formation, (Lujanian), Falcon, Venezuela~ 800,00-11,000 BP[5]
P. brasiliense
Lajedo de Escada, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil~ Late/Upper Pleistocene, 100,000> BP[6][7]
References
- 1 2 de O. Porpino, Kleberson; Fernicola, Juan C.; Bergqvist, Lílian P. (September 2009). "A New Cingulate (Mammalia: Xenarthra), Pachyarmatherium brasiliense sp. nov., from the Late Pleistocene of Northeastern Brazil". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. 29 (3): 881–893. doi:10.1671/039.029.0305. Retrieved 2009-11-30.
- ↑ K. F. Downing and R. S. White. 1995. The cingulates (Xenarthra) of the Leisey Shell Pit local fauna (Irvingtonian), Hillsborough County, Florida. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 37(12):375-396
- ↑ M. C. McKenna and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level 1-640
- ↑ "Fossilworks: Pachyarmatherium tenebris". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 2016-01-23.
- 1 2 "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 2016-01-23.
- ↑ "Fossilworks: Pachyarmatherium brasiliense". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 2016-01-23.
- ↑ "Fossilworks: Lajedo de Escada (Pleistocene of Brazil)". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 2016-01-23.