Pheniramine

Pheniramine
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com International Drug Names
MedlinePlus a606008
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: A
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Routes of
administration		 Oral ; injection (intramuscular or slow intravenous); topical (ophthalmic/nasal solution)
ATC code D04AA16 (WHO) R06AB05 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism Hepatic hydroxylation, demethylation and glucuronidation
Excretion Renal
Identifiers
CAS Number 86-21-5 YesY
PubChem (CID) 4761
IUPHAR/BPS 7267
DrugBank DB01620 YesY
ChemSpider 4597 YesY
UNII 134FM9ZZ6M YesY
KEGG D08355 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1193 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.506
Chemical and physical data
Formula C16H20N2
Molar mass 240.343 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
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Pheniramine (INN, trade name Avil, among others) is an antihistamine with anticholinergic properties used to treat allergic conditions such as hay fever or urticaria. It has relatively strong sedative effects, and may sometimes be used off-label as an over-the-counter sleeping pill in a similar manner to other sedating antihistamines such as diphenhydramine. Pheniramine is also commonly found in eyedrops used for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.

Pheniramine is generally sold in combination with other medications, rather than as a stand-alone drug, although some formulations are available containing pheniramine by itself. As an example, Neo Citran contains pheniramine.

Chemical relatives

Derivatives of pheniramine include chlorphenamine, dexchlorpheniramine, dexbrompheniramine, dexchlorpheniramine, triprolidine, and brompheniramine. Two other halogenated derivatives, iodopheniramine and fluorpheniramine, are currently in use for research on combination therapies for malaria and some cancers. The halogenation of pheniramine increases its potency by 20-fold.

Side effects

Pheniramine may cause drowsiness or bradycardia, and over-dosage may lead to sleep disorders. Overdose may lead to seizures, especially in combination with alcohol. People combining with cortisol in the long term should avoid pheniramine as it may cause lowered levels of adrenaline (epinephrine) which may lead to loss of consciousness.

See also

References

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 9/7/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.