Millet beer

Millet beer in Rhumsiki, Far North Province, Cameroon

Millet beer, also known as Bantu beer, malwa, kaffir beer, pombe "Tchouk" or opaque beer, is an alcoholic beverage made from malted millet that is common throughout West, Central and East Africa. Millet Beer varies in taste and alcoholic content between ethnic groups. It is served in calabashes.

Production

This type of beer is common throughout Africa. Related African drinks include maize beer and sorghum beer. In the Balkans and Turkey a form of millet beer named boza is produced.^[1] In the U.S., Sprecher Brewery produces a type of beer that contains a mix of millet and sorghum known as Shakparo.^[2] A form of millet beer is also produced by the Ainu.^[3]

Production process

Millet kernels are soaked in warm water until they sprout, with the goal to increase the content of maltose in the grain. The millet is then dried out to arrest the germination process. The malted grain is then pulverized and mixed with water. This mixture is commonly known as wort. The wort is later boiled in order to remove any potential bacterial threat. Once the boiling process is complete and the wort cools down yeast is added. The mixture is then allowed to ferment. The entire process takes five days.^[4]

Cultural significance

In many cultures of West Africa, millet beer plays a central role in every aspect of daily life, such as:

- Sacrifices;

- Rites of passage;

- Dances;

- Births, marriages, burials, and funeral celebrations;

- Welcoming a guest;

- Sealing a contract;

- Agricultural cooperatives;

- Thatching a roof;

- Pounding a courtyard;

- Discussions between village elders;

- Social gatherings at home and the market.^[5]

In some West African cultures, village women open their homes as 'pubs' one day a week, to sell millet beer. This gathering point provides social cohesion in the village.

Millet beer is served in a calabasch. You hold the calabash with the right hand. Before drinking you pour a few drops on the ground in honor of your ancestors. After drinking, you pour the dregs ground in a straight line.

Words for "millet beer" in African languages

Ajon - Ateso (Uganda). Malwa - Luganda (Uganda) - tchouk ("chook") (Togo) - Chibuku - Southern and Central Africa.

See also

• Pito (beer)
• Tella
• Ikupasuy

References

Further reading

• Haggblade, Steven, and Wilhelm H. Holzapfel. (2004). "Industrialization of Africa's Indigenous Beer Brewing", Industrialization of Indigenous Fermented Foods, 2nd ed. New York City: CRC Press.

External links

• Millet beer production in Africa