Bangsamoro Republik

This article is about the unrecognized breakaway state proclaimed in 2013. For other Bangsamoro states proclaimed, see Bangsamoro declarations of independence. For the proposed autonomous political entity within the Philippines, see Bangsamoro (political entity).
United Federated States of Bangsamoro Republik
Arabic: جمهورية بانجسامورو‎‎
Tagalog: Mga Nagkakaisang Estadong Pederado ng Republikang Bangsamoro
Malay: Persekutuan Republik Bangsamoro Syarikat
Unrecognized state
2013


Flag

Maximum area claimed by the Bangsamoro Republik
Capital Davao City[1] (de jure)
Zamboanga City (de facto)
Demonym Bangsamoro
Government Federal presidential
constitutional republic[2]
President
 •  2013 Nur Misuari
History
 •  Declared July 27, 2013
 • Recognition None
 •  Defeat in Zamboanga September 28, 2013
Preceded by 		Succeeded by
Philippines
Philippines

The Bangsamoro Republik, officially the United Federated States of Bangsamoro Republik (UFSBR),[3] was a short-lived unrecognized breakaway state in the Philippines. Nur Misuari, chairman of the Moro National Liberation Front, issued the Proclamation of Bangsamoro Independence on July 27, 2013 in Talipao, Sulu and declared the capital of Bangsamoro to be Davao City.[4]

History

According to Misuari, the republic's territory encompasses the islands of Basilan, Mindanao, Palawan, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi[3] where the Bangsamoro traditionally lived. However, according to Misuari's legal counsel, Emmanuel Fontanilla, the state also encompasses the Malaysian state of Sabah and Sarawak.[5][6]

This declaration of independence, which was made under the authority of the United Nations General Assembly 1514 resolution of 1960 granting independence to all colonized countries, [7] escalated into the Zamboanga City crisis.[8] The MNLF, the group which proclaimed Bangsamoro, is an observer of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

As of September 28, 2013, with the defeat in Zamboanga City by the Philippines government, the MNLF no longer controls any territory openly anywhere and the Bangsamoro Republic has been debilitated. However, the MNLF has not renounced its bid for the independence of the Bangsamoro Republik.

Etymology

The term Bangsamoro comes from combining the Malayo-Polynesian word bansa (Manobo and Lumad languages: bangsa), meaning nation or people, and the Spanish word moro, which was originally applied to the Moors that ruled Spain prior to the Reconquista, and was subsequently applied to predominantly Muslim Malay tribes. In Maranao, moro also denotes a captor (other nuances: myakauro, miyaoro, miadakep).

Background

Earlier declarations

An independent state of Bangsamoro Republik was first declared on April 28, 1974,[9][10] two months after the siege of Jolo, Sulu after the MNLF first attempted to raise their flag.[11]

Zamboanga City crisis

MNLF commander Asamin Hussinhe stated in September 2013 that his group would only release some 200 civilian hostages held in Barangay Kasanyangan once they are allowed to proceed to Zamboanga city hall and hoist their flag in front of it.[8] During the crisis, the MNLF managed to gain de facto control of three districts of Zamboanga City. [12][13]

Present

Nur Misuari is the UFSBR's Interim President according to the MNLF.[14] A government in exile for the Bangsamoro is also considered by Misuari.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ ""BRING BANGSAMORO QUESTION TO UN," MNLF VICE-CHAIRMAN OLAMIT TO APPEAL TO OIC". mnlfnet.com. Moro National Liberation Front (Misuari faction). 25 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
  2. ↑ "MNLF returns to rebellion | Headlines, News, The Philippine Star". philstar.com. August 16, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  3. 1 2 "Bangsamoro Constitution: Road map to Independence and National self-determination". MNLF official website. August 23, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  4. ↑ "WHO IS AFRAID OF MINDANAO INDEPENDENCE?". August 14, 2013. Retrieved November 19, 2013.
  5. 1 2 "Misuari declares independence of Mindanao, southern Philippines". Gulf News. August 16, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  6. ↑ Roel Pareño, The Philippine Star (August 16, 2013). "MNLF returns to rebellion". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  7. ↑ "Nur declares independence of 'Bangsamoro Republik'". Philippine Star. August 15, 2013. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  8. 1 2 "MNLF wants flag hoisted in Zamboanga city hall". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  9. ↑ W.K. Che Man. "Muslim Separatism: The Moros of Southern Philippines and the Malays of Southern Thailand". Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1974.
  10. ↑ Abinales, Patricio. N., et al. "State and Society in the Philippines". Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2005.
  11. ↑ Ben Cal (September 11, 2013). "MNLF's first try to raise flag was 39 years ago". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
  12. ↑ "Houses on fire as fighting erupts in southern Philippines". Reuters.
  13. ↑ "Malaysian Marwan believed to mastermind latest bomb attacks in south Philippines". The Star.
  14. ↑ "CHAIRMAN MISUARI'S MESSAGE ON THE CELEBRATION OF THE 46th ANNIVERSARY OF THE BANGSAMORO FREEDOM DAY". mnlfnet.com. Moro National Liberation Front (Misuari faction). March 18, 2014. Retrieved March 18, 2014.
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