Presidential Traverse

A Presidential Traverse is a strenuous and sometimes dangerous trek over the Presidential Range of New Hampshire's White Mountains. Contained almost entirely in the 750,000-acre (3,000 km²) White Mountain National Forest, the Presidential Range is a string of summits in excess of 4,000 feet (1,200 m). To complete the traverse, one must begin at either the northern or southern terminus of the Presidential Range and finish at the opposing end. Beginning the journey at the northern end at Mount Madison, one would pass through the townships of (in order, going in a generally south-southwesterly direction) Low and Burbank's Grant, Thompson and Meserve's Purchase, Sargent's Purchase, Chandler's Purchase, and Bean's Purchase (at Mount Pierce), all of which are in Coös County.

Options

The Presidential Range from north (left) to south (right). Mt. Pierce is absent

The minimum

The basic Presidential Traverse begins from a trailhead on U.S. Route 2 or at the Dolly Copp Campground at the northern end of the Presidentials, crosses the great ridge of the range and ends in Crawford Notch at its southern terminus, or vice versa. A hiker making such a journey would travel about 23 miles (37 km), with 9,000 feet (2,700 m) of elevation gain.

A hiker traverses on the Gulfside Trail

By definition, a "presidential" traverse requires a participant to cross over the summits of peaks named after U.S. presidents. Listed from north to south, they are:

Mount Madison - named after James Madison
Mount Adams - named after John Adams
Mount Jefferson - named after Thomas Jefferson
Mount Washington - named after George Washington
Mount Monroe - named after James Monroe
Mount Eisenhower - named after Dwight Eisenhower
Mount Pierce - named after Franklin Pierce

The total distance could be shortened to 19.2 miles (30.9 km) by only taking standard through trails. However, you would not summit all peaks.

Additional named peaks

The Great Gulf and the northern Presidentials as seen from the Gulfside Trail

A traverse which collects all of the trail-accessible peaks in the Presidential Range includes (from north to south):

Mount Clay - named after Henry Clay (a senator from Kentucky and contemporary of Daniel Webster). Strictly regarded, Clay lacks the 200 feet (61 m) of prominence above the shoulder of Mt. Washington to be considered eligible and is thus considered a minor summit of that peak. (In 2003, the New Hampshire legislature passed a law renaming the peak as "Mount Reagan",^[1] after President Ronald Reagan, but the U.S. Board on Geographic Names (BGN) voted in May 2010 not to change the name of the mountain.^[2])
Mount Jackson - named not for President Andrew Jackson as many believe, but for Charles Thomas Jackson, who served as State Geologist for New Hampshire, Maine, and Rhode Island in the late 19th century.
Mount Webster - named for Daniel Webster, famed American statesman and New Hampshire native.
Mount Franklin - named for famed inventor and political figure Benjamin Franklin, a sub-peak of Mt. Monroe.

Adding these peaks increases total mileage traveled and elevation gain to 22.8 miles (36.7 km) and 10,041 feet (3,060 m).

Sub-peaks

Several minor peaks ineligible for the list due to lack of prominence have no maintained trails leading to their summits. However, hikers with solid outdoor orientation skills may bushwhack them as part of a traverse. These include:

Mount Sam Adams - sub-peak of Mt. Adams, named for Samuel Adams (American statesman and second cousin of John Adams)
Mount JQ Adams - sub-peak of Mt. Adams, named for President John Quincy Adams
Mount Abigail Adams - sub-peak of Mt. Adams, named for John Adams' wife Abigail Adams (before being renamed in November 2010, this was Adams IV)
Adams V - an unnamed sub-peak of Mt. Adams

A sign warns of harsh terrain ahead

Hazards

The White Mountains and the Presidential Range in particular offer both some of the most beautiful vistas in the Eastern United States and some of its most challenging and dangerous terrain. Many hikers attempting a Presidential Traverse have become lost or otherwise disabled in inclement weather above treeline, causing many costly search and rescue operations.

Weather

A sign warns of dangerous weather

The Presidential Range is perhaps most famous for its tumultuous weather, highlighted by the erratic and often extreme conditions upon Mount Washington. Being both at the intersection of several storm tracks and the center of multiple converging valleys funneling wind from the west, southwest, and south make its weather unpredictable and at times violent. The summit of Mount Washington has been known to see snow and ice in all seasons and is subject to a combination of hurricane force winds and blanketing clouds an average of 110 days a year. The mountain long held the record for the highest wind speed ever recorded at the Earth's surface, clocking 231 miles per hour (372 km/h), forcing summit buildings to be chained down so they won't blow away.

Winter

High winds blow snow off the peak of Mount Washington

Views from the Presidentials ridgeline in the crisp winter air are unrivaled in the Northeast. However, winter terrain is more treacherous, temperatures may plummet with dangerous speed, and winds often hit triple digits. Snowfall at elevation is measured in feet instead of inches, avalanches are common on the large snowfields and in ravines, and blowing snow, ice fog, and heavy clouds can cause visibility to disappear in minutes. Consequently, those wishing to tackle a Presidential Traverse in winter must be exceptionally fit, experienced in winter mountaineering and compass orientation techniques, very familiar with the terrain, and have high quality winter gear. Lacking any one of these puts one in serious peril of requiring expensive and hazardous rescue, even death.

Vertical

Rugged terrain on the Watson Path

A Presidential Traverse does not merely require the absolute gain of some 4,500' from starting point to the 6,288' summit of Mt. Washington; it involves repeated gain and loss of elevation between individual summits along the way. The fact that the range stretches less than twenty miles from one end to the other and most of its main trails are easily accessible from major through roads errantly suggests that the terrain embraced by the Presidentials lacks remoteness. In truth, the range is a wind ravaged wilderness. A basic Presidential Traverse encompasses almost 9,000' of combined vertical, doubled when difficult downclimbing is included. Adding the principal sub-peaks stretches this to almost 20,000' of up- and downclimb in a single traverse.

References

↑ "HB 82 - Final Version". New Hampshire General Court. Retrieved May 16, 2010.
↑ Chris Jensen (May 13, 2010). "Mt Clay Remains Mt Clay". New Hampshire Public Radio. Retrieved May 16, 2010.

Sources

Daniell, G and Smith, S. AMC White Mountain Guide, 27th Edition. AMC Books, 2003.
Howe, N. Not Without Peril. AMC Books, 2000.
Cox, S and Fulsaas, K. Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills, 7th Edition. The Mountaineers Books, 2003.
Lanza, M. New England Hiking. Foghorn Press, 1997.