Lucien Murat
| Lucien Murat | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Prince of Pontecorvo | |
| Reign | 5 December 1812 – 25 May 1815 |
| Predecessor | Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte |
| Successor | Principality abolished |
| Prince Murat | |
| Tenure | 15 April 1847 – 10 April 1878 |
| Predecessor | Prince Achille |
| Successor | Prince Joachim |
| Born | 16 May 1803 |
| Died | 10 April 1878 (aged 74) |
| Spouse | Caroline Georgina Fraser |
| Issue |
Caroline, Baroness de Chassiron Joachim, Prince Murat Anne, Duchess of Mouchy Prince Achille Murat Prince Louis Murat |
| Father | Joachim Murat |
| Mother | Caroline Bonaparte |
Lucien Charles Joseph Napoléon, Prince Français, Prince of Naples, 2nd Prince de Pontecorvo, 3rd Prince Murat (16 May 1803, Milan – 10 April 1878, Paris) was a French politician, and the sovereign Prince of Pontecorvo between 1812 and May 1815.[1][2]
Family
He was the second son of Joachim Murat, King of Naples (1808–1815), and his Queen consort Caroline Bonaparte.
His maternal uncles included Joseph Bonaparte, Napoleon I of France, Lucien Bonaparte, Louis Bonaparte and Jérôme Bonaparte. His maternal aunts included Elisa Bonaparte and Pauline Bonaparte.
Life in exile
Murat had to flee the Italian Peninsula after his father's execution, which had been ordered by Ferdinand IV of Naples. Between 1815 and 1822 he and his older brother Prince Achille Murat received a solid education at Castle Frohsdorf in the Austrian Empire. He later went to Venice, where he was pursued by the Austrian authorities, necessitating his departure to the United States.
His ship however shipwrecked in Spain and captured by the Spanish, compelling him to remain there for many months, until his brother secured assistance from President of the United States James Monroe for his release. He finally arrived in the United States in April 1825. He traveled to Philadelphia to meet his maternal uncle Joseph Bonaparte and from there traveled extensively in the western part of the country, as well as Texas and California.
On 18 August 1831 Murat married a Protestant, Caroline Georgina Fraser (Charleston, South Carolina, 13 April 1810 – Paris, 10 February 1879), daughter of Thomas Fraser, a Scottish emigrant to the United States and major in the Loyalist militia during the American Revolution, and his wife Ann Loughton Smith,[3] at Bordentown, New Jersey and lived several years in Bordentown, New Jersey. On his many travels to France, Murat sought in 1838 and 1844 the possibility to reclaim his family's right to the throne, which his elder brother had abandoned. In France he was always only allowed to stay 5 weeks at a time.
Settlement in France
He continued to live in the United States, staying in daily correspondence with his backers, until the fall of Louis-Philippe of France in 1848 new possibilities arose. He returned to France with his wife, and was elected a member of the constituent assembly, and in 1849 appointed as Minister for Turin. In 1852 received the status of a senator and the title of a prince.
In 1861 he tried one more time to regain the throne of Naples, and composed a manifesto to support his claim. This was not well received by his maternal first cousin Napoleon III of France and Murat abandoned hopes of regaining the crown.
During the Franco-Prussian War after the French defeat at the Siege of Metz (3 September – 23 October 1870), Murat was imprisoned with Marshal of France François Achille Bazaine. After the fall of the Second French Empire, Murat moved back to United States for a short time where he had still business interests to attend to.
Napoléon Lucien Murat died on 10 April 1878 in Paris. His wife died shortly after him on 10 February 1879.
Children
He and his wife Caroline Georgina Fraser:
- Princess Caroline Laetitia Murat (Bordentown, New Jersey, 31 December 1832 – Redisham Hall, 23 July 1902), m. firstly in Paris, 6 June 1850 Charles, Baron de Chassiron (Nantes, 5 December 1818 – Tarbes, 20 June 1871), and secondly in London, 9 November 1871 John Lewis Garden (1833 – London, 1892), a rich Englishman, and had issue from both marriages
- Joachim Joseph Napoléon Murat, 4th Prince Murat, 3rd Prince of Pontecorvo (Bordentown, New Jersey, 21 June 1834 – Château de Chambly, 23 October 1901), Major-General of the French Army, married firstly at the Palais de Tuilleries, 23 March 1854 Malcy Louise Caroline Berthier de Wagram (Paris, 22 June 1832 – Paris, 17 May 1884), daughter of Napoléon Berthier de Wagram, 2nd Duc de Wagram (10 September 1810 – 10 February 1887, son of Marshal Berthier) and wife Zénaïde Françoise Clary (Paris, 25 November 1812 – Paris, 27 April 1884, niece of Désirée Clary and Julie Clary), and had issue, and secondly in Paris, 7 November 1894 Lydia Hervey (Kemptown, Sussex, 15 August 1841 – Paris (or Château Chaâlis), 25 September 1901), without issue
- Princess Anne Murat (Bordentown, New Jersey, 3 February 1841 – Paris, 7 September 1924), m. Paris, 18 December 1865 Antoine Just Léon Marie, 6th Duc de Mouchy, 6th Prince-Duc de Poix (Paris, 19 April 1841 – Paris, 2 February 1909), and had issue
- Prince Charles Louis Napoléon Achille Murat (Bordentown, New Jersey, 2 January 1847 – Tschkaduachi, 27 February 1895), m. Paris, 13 May 1868 Princess Salome Dadiani of Mingrelia (Zugdidi, 13 October 1848 – Paris, 23 July 1913), and had issue
- Prince Louis Napoléon Murat (Paris, 22 December 1851 – Paris, 22 September 1912), m. Odessa, 23 November 1873 Eudoxia Mikhailovna Somova (Kharkov, 17 February 1850 – Nice, 6 May 1924), related to Orest Somov, and had issue now extinct in male line (great-grandfather of actor René Auberjonois)
Ancestry
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References
- ↑ Pontecorvo – website World Statesmen.org
- ↑ Napoleonic Titles and Heraldry: "Sovereign" Princes – website Heraldica
- ↑ http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=49949535
External links
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Vacant Title last held by Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte |
Prince of Pontecorvo 1812–1815 |
Principality abolished |
| French nobility of the First French Empire | ||
| New creation | Prince of Pontecorvo As title of pretence 1815–1847 |
Succeeded by Joachim Murat |
| Preceded by Achille Murat |
Prince Murat 1847–1878 | |