Russian occupation of Gotland 1808

The Russian occupation of Gotland took place during the Finnish War between Sweden and Russia.

History

Russian had invaded Finland on 21 February 1808. An invasion force on board nine Russian merchant ships left Liepaja and landed 22 April, after losing its course due to fog, at Slesviken in Grötlingbo on south Gotland with 1,800 men and six artillery guns under the command of Admiral Nikolai Andreevich Bodisko. After some initial confusion, beacons raised an invasion alarm which eventually reaching the county governor, the retired marine officer Erik af Klint. Af Klint had started organizing an armed force in Gotland following orders from Stockholm.

However, Gotland had no troops ready at the time of the invasion. Instead af Klint had to raise a peasant levy. The levy encountered the Russian expeditionary force at Klinte Church and Ajmunds bro. Af Klint judged his the military situation unfavorable and decided that the Gotlanders were to surrender without a fight. On 23 April the capitulation took place, without documents, at the Sandäskes inn in Sanda. The next day the Russian force marched into Visby and found quarters. Nikolai Bodisko proclaimed himself as Governor of Gotland, but Swedish officials -- except for af Klint -- were allowed to remain.

The two Swedish ships of the line Tapperheten and Manligheten were sent from Karlskrona and blockaded the harbor of Slite beginning 12 May, hampering the possibility of Russian reinforcements. A Swedish relief expedition under the command of Admiral Rudolf Cederström was dispatched from Karlskrona on 11 May with the ships of the line Konung Gustav IV Adolf, Vladislaff, Prins Fredrik Adolph and Äran, the frigate Bellona 5, the brigantines Svala and Disa and the yacht Fortuna. Onboard were soldiers from Småland commanded by the lieutenant colonel of the Jönköping Regiment Carl Johan Fleetwood (1757–1834).

When news reached Visby that Swedish forces were on Gotland, the Russians capitulated. The Swedish force of over two thousand had by this time marched to Tule in Ganthem from Sandviken in Gammelgarn, where the Swedish fleet squadrons had arrived on 14 May. The Russians evacuated Visby on 17 May and left Gotland via Slite the next day.

Losses

The only loss associated with the Russian occupation was the boatsman Carl Fredrik Lindgren (1777–1808), who fell to his death from the rigging from the flagship Konung Gustav IV Adolph at Sandviken. He was buried at Syssne udd.

Aftermath

Nikolai Bodisko was court-martialed and lost his commission (which he later regained).

In Sweden, the occupation led to the organization of national conscription, and Gotland National Conscription was the first unit 1811.

See also

Sources

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 9/11/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.