Solanum pimpinellifolium

Solanum pimpinellifolium
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Solanum
Subgenus: Solanum sensu stricto
Species: S. pimpinellifolium
Binomial name
Solanum pimpinellifolium[1]
L., 1755
Synonyms

Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (L.) Mill.
Lycopersicon racemigerum Lange[2]

Solanum pimpinellifolium, commonly known as the currant tomato,[3] is a wild species of tomato[4] native to Ecuador and Peru but naturalized elsewhere, such as the Galápagos Islands. Its small fruits are edible, and it is commonly grown in gardens as an heirloom tomato,[5] although it is considered to be wild[6] rather than domesticated as is the commonly cultivated tomato species Solanum lycopersicum. Its genome was recently sequenced.[7]

Breeding purposes

It will hybridize with common domestic tomatoes.[8] There are annual, biennial, and perennial varieties.[9] Solanum pimpinellifolium is important in tomato breeding.

Its relatedness to tomatoes[10] and ability to freely cross with them has allowed it to be used for the introduction of disease resistance traits in tomato varieties, as well as in the study of the genetic control of tomato traits such as fruit shape and size.[9] Its 900 Mb genome differs from the tomato at 0.6% of base pairs; in comparison, they both differ from the potato (from which they diverged 7.3 million years ago) at 8% of bases.[7][11]

Considered the ancestor of domesticated tomatoes, it is valued for supplementing the limited gene pool of the domestic tomato. Due to agricultural development, the wild currant tomato is becoming less prevalent in the native range of northern Peru and southern Ecuador. In addition, seed collection is hampered by issues with the Convention on Biological Diversity. [12]

References

  1. ↑ http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/4084, Uniprot Taxonomy, Species Solanum pimpinellifolium (Currant tomato) (Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium) , Retrieved January 28, 2011.
  2. ↑ "Solanum pimpinellifolium L.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2008-09-05. Retrieved 2010-01-12.
  3. ↑ "Solanum pimpinellifolium". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
  4. ↑ http://solgenomics.net/about/solanum_nomenclature.pl, Sol Genomics, New nomenclature for lycopersicon, Retrieved February 17, 2013, from Spooner, D.M., I.E. Peralta & S. Knapp. AFLP phylogeny of wild tomatoes [Solanum L. section Lycopersicon (Mill.) Wettst. subsection Lycopersicon ]. Taxon, in press.
  5. ↑ http://www.tomatocasual.com/2008/04/18/smallest-tomato-the-currant-tomato-and-other-small-wonders, Tomato Casual: Smallest Tomato: The Currant Tomato and other Small Wonders, Retrieved February 18, 2013.
  6. ↑ Bai, Y.; Lindhout, P. (2007). "Domestication and breeding of tomatoes: what have we gained and what can we gain in the future?". Annals of Botany. 100 (5): 1085–1094. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm150.
  7. 1 2 The Tomato Genome Consortium (31 May 2012). "The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution". Nature. 485 (7400): 635–641. doi:10.1038/nature11119. PMC 3378239Freely accessible. PMID 22660326.
  8. ↑ http://solgenomics.net/chado/organism.pl?organism_id=770, Sol Genomics, Species: Solanum pimpinellifolium, Retrieved January 28, 2011.
  9. 1 2 http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/solanaceaesource/taxonomy/description-detail.jsp?spnumber=4614, Natural History Museum, Solanaceae Source, Solanum pimpinellifolium L., Cent. Pl. 1: 8. 1755. Type: Cultivated in Uppsala, Anon. (lectotype, LINN 248.15 [BH neg. 6802], designated by Knapp & Jarvis 1990), Retrieved January 28, 2011.
  10. ↑ "Population structure and phylogeography of Solanum pimpinellifolium inferred from a nuclear gene.". Mol Ecol. 13 (7): 1871–82. Jul 2004. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02191.x. PMID 15189210.
  11. ↑ http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=126907678
  12. ↑ http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/why-wild-tiny-pimp-tomato-so-important-180955911/?no-ist


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