Tin tabernacle

For other meanings of the word "tabernacle," see Tabernacle (disambiguation).
St Mary's Church, Cadgwith, a blue painted "tin church".

A tin tabernacle is a type of prefabricated ecclesiastical building made from corrugated galvanised iron. They were developed in the mid 19th century initially in Great Britain. Corrugated iron was first used for roofing in London in 1829 by Henry Robinson Palmer and the patent sold to Richard Walker who advertised "portable buildings for export" in 1832.[1] The technology for producing the corrugated sheets improved and to prevent corrosion the sheets were galvanised with a coating of zinc, a process developed by Stanislas Sorel in Paris in the 1830s. After 1850, many types of prefabricated buildings were produced, including churches, chapels and mission halls.

History

A floating iron church in the Scottish Highlands (1840s)

The Industrial Revolution was a time of great population expansion and movement. Towns and cities expanded as the workforce moved into the new industrial areas resulting in the building of more than 4,000 churches during the mid 19th century and an upsurge of nonconformism led to a demand for even more buildings. The Church of England, influenced by Pugin, the Cambridge Camden Society and John Ruskin, was initially sceptical about corrugated iron buildings. However, manufacturers found other markets, notably in the colonies of the British Empire where 19 such churches were erected in Melbourne, Australia alone by 1851. A 65 feet by 40 feet church built entirely of cast and wrought iron clad in corrugated iron was built in Jamaica at a cost of £1,000.[2] William Morris, founder of the Arts and Crafts Movement, wrote a pamphlet in 1890 decrying the construction of corrugated iron buildings "that were spreading like a pestilence over the country."[3]

Opening of a New Iron Meeting-House.
On Thursday last the "United Free Church Primitive Methodists" opened a new iron building at the corner of Argyle Street and the Woodbridge Road. The building has an odd appearance, and as it is but a temporary structure, it has been not inaptly termed the "tin tabernacle". [...] The sides and roof are of corrugated iron, and present the appearance externally of a huge tin cannister."

—Ipswich Journal, 1874.[4]

Churches, chapels and mission halls were built in new industrial areas, pit villages, near railway works and in more isolated rural and coastal locations. Landowners or employers frequently donated plots of land and sometimes donated the cost of the building, although many were funded by public subscription.[5] The 3rd Marquess of Bute provided the first Roman Catholic cathedral to be erected in Oban in 1886. It was lavishly decorated and furnished and lasted for 50 years until it was replaced.[6]

Early tin churches were easily erected, but at an average cost of between £2 and £4 per sitting, were expensive. St Mark's Church in Birkenhead, built in 1867 cost more than £2,000 for 500 seats. Prices decreased to nearer £1 per sitting towards the end of the century. David Rowell & Co's 1901 catalogue advertised a church to seat 400 persons, delivered to the nearest railway station and erected on the purchaser's foundation, at a cost of £360.[7] Isaac Dixon's 1896 catalogue mentioned the company had supplied nearly 150 churches over the previous ten years and the price had dropped from 35 shillings to 20 shillings (£1.75 to £1) per sitting plus the cost of foundations, heating and lighting which could add another £70 for a church to seat 200.[8]

Several tin tabernacles survive as places of worship; some have listed building status and some have been converted to other uses. Some redundant chapels have been moved to museums for preservation. St Chad's Mission Church was moved from near Telford to the Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust's Blists Hill Victorian Town in Shropshire, while St Saviour's Church from Westhouses in Derbyshire may be seen at the Midland Railway Centre's Swanwick Junction site.[9] St Margaret's Church from South Wonston, near Winchester, Hampshire, is now located at the Weald and Downland Open Air Museum in West Sussex.[10]

Manufacturers

Several firms, such as David Rowell & Co., Humphrey's and Frederick Braby in London, Isaac Dixon and Co and Francis Morton in Liverpool, E T Bellhouse in Manchester[11] and A & J Main & Co of Glasgow manufactured a range of iron buildings that included houses, village halls, sports pavilions, warehouses, hospital wards, chapels and churches. Many of their products were exported to Canada, Africa, and to California and Australia during the gold rushes.[12] Other manufacturers of corrugated iron churches in Glasgow included Braby & Company and R. R. Speirs who supplied 75 churches between 1908 and 1914.[13] Corrugated iron buildings were exhibited at the Great Exhibition in 1851.[14] Isaac Dixon's 1874 catalogue was aimed at the landed gentry, railway proprietors and shippers while Francis Morton's company had a dedicated church building department and its 1879 catalogue reported nearly 70 churches, chapels and school houses built in the United Kingdom.[15]

Churches and chapels

Symbol Key
(*) This tin tabernacle has been demolished.

Examples in England

Name Location Photograph Denomination Notes
St John's Church Adlington, Cheshire
53°19′10″N 2°06′49″W / 53.3195°N 2.1137°W / 53.3195; -2.1137 (St John's Church, Adlington)		 Anglican St John's Church was built in 1892 and continues in active use as an Anglican mission church to St Peter's Church, Prestbury.[16][17][18][19]
Mission Church Alhampton, Somerset
51°06′35″N 2°31′58″W / 51.1098°N 2.5327°W / 51.1098; -2.5327 (Mission Church, Alhampton) 		Anglican The church was built in 1892 at a cost of £250; it seats 55 people. It continues in active use as a mission church to St Mary Magdalene, Ditcheat.[20][21]
Free Church Mission Hall Ashtead, Surrey
51°18′49″N 0°18′37″W / 51.3135°N 0.3102°W / 51.3135; -0.3102 (Former Free Church Mission Hall, Ashtead) 		Baptist Ashtead's first Baptist church was opened in 1895[22] and appears in that year's Ordnance Survey map as a mission hall.[23] A new church superseded it in 1924,[24] but the building survives and is used by the Epsom and Ewell Conservative Association.[25]
St Felix Chapel Babingley, Norfolk
52°48′32″N 0°29′02″E / 52.8089°N 0.4839°E / 52.8089; 0.4839 (St Felix Chapel, Babingley) 		British Orthodox Church St Felix Chapel is a thatched, cruciform tin tabernacle. It was erected in 1880 and was at one time an Anglican parish church. It was made redundant by the Church of England and is used by the British Orthodox Church.[26]
Bartley Tin Church Bartley, Hampshire
50°54′33″N 1°33′16″W / 50.90909°N 1.55435°W / 50.90909; -1.55435 (Bartley Tin Church)		 Anglican The church was built in 1900 and continued in use as an Anglican church until 1992. In 1998 it was sold by the Diocese of Winchester to the local community, who have developed it into a village hall.[27]
Oldfield Park Methodist Church (*) Bath, Somerset Methodist Built in about 1892, Oldfield Park Methodist Church closed in 2009.[28]
Church of the Ascension Bedmond, Hertfordshire
51°43′23″N 0°24′39″W / 51.7230°N 0.4108°W / 51.7230; -0.4108 (Church of the Ascension, Bedmond)
Anglican The Church of the Ascension was built in 1880 at a cost of £80. A copper-coated steeple was added in 2005. It continues as an active church in the parish of St Lawrence, Abbots Langley,[29][30] and has Grade II listed status.[31]
St Barnabas' Church Blackwater, Isle of Wight Anglican Now redundant, St Barnabas' Church has been used for a retail business.[32]
Blennerhasset Evangelical Mission Blennerhasset, Cumbria
54°45′40″N 3°16′48″W / 54.761222°N 3.279884°W / 54.761222; -3.279884 (Blennerhasset Evangelical Mission)		 Evangelical In 2007 weekly services were held on Sundays and prayer meetings and bible study on Wednesdays.[33] Today the church has a weekly meeting at 6.15 every Sunday.[34]
St Matthew's Church Boultham, Lincoln
53°13′14″N 0°33′12″W / 53.2206°N 0.5532°W / 53.2206; -0.5532 (St Matthew's Church, Boultham)		 Anglican St Matthew's was created as a chapel of ease to St Helen's, Boultham, in 1912, to serve workers in local factories. It was extended in 1924 but has since closed, and been damaged by fire.[35][36]
Shaftesbury Hall Bowes Park, London
51°36′26″N 0°07′16″W / 51.6071°N 0.1210°W / 51.6071; -0.1210 (Shaftesbury Hall, Bowes Park)		 Baptist The hall was built in 1885 as a chapel for railway workers next to Bowes Park railway station. It also became the nucleus of Bounds Green Board School, with lessons held there in the 1880s. As of 2011 the hall, in Herbert Road, is owned by the Samaritans. Plans have been submitted for the development of the site, but are opposed by local residents.[37][38]
All Saints Church Brokerswood, Wiltshire
51°16′07″N 2°14′05″W / 51.2685°N 2.2348°W / 51.2685; -2.2348 (All Saints Church, Brokerswood)		 Anglican All Saints Church was originally built in Southwick to replace an iron church that had been destroyed by fire in 1897. In 1905 it was moved to Brokerswood. It was restored in the 1990s and remains in active use.[39][40] The church was listed at Grade II in January 2014.[41]
St Mary's Church Burgh Parva,
Melton Constable, Norfolk
52°51′39″N 1°02′02″E / 52.8607°N 1.0340°E / 52.8607; 1.0340 (St Mary's Church, Burgh Parva)		 Anglican St Mary's was built in 1903 in the churchyard of an abandoned medieval church to serve as the parish church of Melton Constable. It continues in active use, its benefice being united with those of three other local churches.[42][43]
Former Railway Mission Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk
52°15′14″N 0°42′50″W / 52.2539°N 0.7138°W / 52.2539; -0.7138 (Former Railway Mission)		 Seventh-Day Adventist A Railway Mission by Bury St Edmunds railway station was opened for railway workers who raised money to build it in 1900. The chapel was supplied by Boulton and Paul from Norwich and with furniture and fittings cost £317 7s 7d it is now used as a Seventh-day Adventist Church.[44][45]
St Mary's Church Cadgwith, Cornwall
49°59′16″N 5°10′50″W / 49.9877°N 5.1806°W / 49.9877; -5.1806 (St Mary's Church, Cadgwith)		 Anglican St Mary's Church is situated on a footpath in the valley between the car park and the village centre. It was built as a mission church for the village fishermen. It is a chapel of ease to St Rumon, the parish church of Ruan Minor, and a service is held monthly.[46][47]
Old St Columbia's Church (*) Catisfield, Fareham, Hampshire
49°59′16″N 5°10′50″W / 49.9877°N 5.1806°W / 49.9877; -5.1806 (Old St Columbia's Church, Catisfield)		 Anglican The original St Columbia's Church was built in 1891 as a mission church to Holy Trinity, Fareham. It continued in active use until 1993 when it became redundant. It was then used as a youth club before it was demolished in the 1990s.[48] The photograph shows the building in 1991.
St Saviour's Church Chiddingstone Causeway, Kent
51°11′55″N 0°10′17″E / 51.1986°N 0.1715°E / 51.1986; 0.1715 (St Saviour's Church (former), Chiddingstone Causeway)		 Anglican This was built in about 1875 to serve the village. When a large stone-built church, St Luke's, was erected next to it, the building became surplus to requirements and was moved further along the road to serve as the village hall—a function it has had since about 1902.[49]
Chilworth Mission Church Chilworth, Surrey
51°12′49″N 0°32′15″W / 51.2135°N 0.5374°W / 51.2135; -0.5374 (Chilworth Mission Church (former), Chilworth)		 Anglican This tin tabernacle was erected in the centre of Chilworth in 1896. It was linked with the parish church of Shalford, although it was in the parish of St Martha's.[50] When St Thomas's Church opened the iron building became the village hall.[51]
St Hugh's Cockernhoe, Hertfordshire
51°53′56″N 0°21′52″W / 51.898958°N 0.3644°W / 51.898958; -0.3644 (St Hugh's Church Cockernhoe)		 Anglican St Hugh’s, in the parish of St Francis, Luton with St Hugh, Cockernhoe, was erected as a temporary structure in 1904. One side has been replaced and pews from St Francis installed. The church hosts a carol service, a service on Easter Sunday and the local primary school use it for a monthly service.[52]
St Andrew's Mission Church Crabtree, Burscough, Lancashire
53°36′16″N 2°51′54″W / 53.6044°N 2.8650°W / 53.6044; -2.8650 (St Andrew's Mission Church, Crabtree)		 Anglican St Andrew's Mission Church continues in active use as a mission church in the parish of Burscough.[53]
St Barbara's Church Deepcut Barracks, Surrey
51°18′22″N 0°42′17″W / 51.3062°N 0.7048°W / 51.3062; -0.7048 (St Barbara's Church, Deepcut)		 Anglican St Barbara's Church was built at the barracks in 1901 dedicated to St Michael and All Angels. It is now dedicated to St Barbara and remains in use by the barracks and local community.[54] A Grade II listed building, it is "a good and relatively ambitious example" of a tin tabernacle, possibly a Humphrey's of Croydon design. There are several stained glass windows of various dates.[55] The church exterior features in the 2015 film Kingsman: The Secret Service representing a church in Kentucky, USA.[56]
Edge End Methodist Church Edge End, Gloucestershire
51°49′00″N 2°35′25″W / 51.816754°N 2.590388°W / 51.816754; -2.590388 (Edge End Methodist Church)		 Methodist Located in a hamlet in the Forest of Dean Edge End Methodist Church is a tin tabernacle in its natural habitat.
Catholic church of St Vincent de Paul Fen Ditton, Cambridgeshire
52°12′54″N 0°10′05″E / 52.215°N 0.168°E / 52.215; 0.168 (Catholic church of St Vincent de Paul)		 Roman Catholic Originally part of the First Eastern General Hospital, Cambridge. After World War I it was moved to the rectory garden of the church of Our Lady and the English Martyrs and named Houghton Hall. In 1939 it became St Laurence's Church, Chesterton. Following the opening of the new St Laurence's Church in 1958, the tin tabernacle was moved to is present site and became the Church of St Vincent de Paul.[57]
Glyn Hall Ewell, Surrey
51°20′57″N 0°14′55″W / 51.3491°N 0.2485°W / 51.3491; -0.2485 (Glyn Hall (Mary Edwards Spiritualist Chapel), Ewell)		 [none] This was originally registered for use by Open Brethren[58] until their permanent building, Staneway Chapel, was opened in 1955.[59] Today it is a community venue used by a variety of groups and individuals without any religious connection.
St Saviour's Church Faversham, Kent
51°18′51″N 0°53′50″E / 51.3143°N 0.8973°E / 51.3143; 0.8973 (Cyprus Road Tin Tabernacle, Faversham)		 Anglican St Saviour's Church was built in 1885 as a mission church for the parish church. It has a cruciform plan, bellcote and spire and was elaborately decorated. It is a Grade II listed building.[60]
Main Street Community Church Frodsham, Cheshire
53°17′41″N 2°43′45″W / 53.2947°N 2.7291°W / 53.2947; -2.7291 (Main Street Community Church, Frodsham)		 Evangelical St Dunstan's Church cost £600 and opened with 230 seats in 1872 as a chapel of ease to the parish church. It was licensed as the parish church for two years from 1880 while St Laurence's Church was refurbished and retained as a mission church after that. After some years of disuse the building was taken over by the present evangelical congregation in the 1980s. The structure was moved on rollers ten feet to the left and refurbished in 1995 and acquired its current name in 2007.[61][62]
Golden Green Mission Church Golden Green, Kent
51°12′36″N 0°20′35″E / 51.2100°N 0.3431°E / 51.2100; 0.3431 (Golden Green Mission Church)		 Anglican This green-painted building has a chancel and nave under a single-pitched roof. It was erected in about 1914 to serve a tiny hamlet near Hadlow in the Kentish Weald. An extension was added later in complementary style. The chapel was listed at Grade II in 1990.[63]
Urswick United Reformed Church Great Urswick, Cumbria
54°09′45″N 3°07′09″W / 54.1625°N 3.1193°W / 54.1625; -3.1193 (United Reformed Church, Great Urswick)		 United Reformed Church
(formerly Church of Christ)		 Plot of land was purchased in 1914 and the church erected shortly afterwards, at a total cost of £13.19s.4d on 22 April 1915. A full body immersion font remains under the Communion table platform and was in regular use until about 45 years ago. Church in active use.[64][65]
Seventh Day Baptist Church Greet, Birmingham
52°27′17″N 1°51′26″W / 52.4548°N 1.8573°W / 52.4548; -1.8573 (Church of the Seventh Day Baptists, Greet)		 Baptist The Seventh Day Baptist Church is in active use.[66]
Gate House Baptist Chapel Hadlow Down, East Sussex
51°00′05″N 0°10′29″E / 51.0013°N 0.1747°E / 51.0013; 0.1747 (Gate House Baptist Chapel, Hadlow Down)		 Baptist Henry Donkin moved to the village in 1885 and founded this mission room ("the Tin Heaven") on his land soon afterwards. It was moved nearer the village centre in 1907 and was registered for marriages in 1918. It became a full-time chapel in 1922 but closed after incumbent pastor's death in 1940, after which the building became a canteen then commercial premises.[67][68]
Evangelical Church Haggerston, Hackney, London
51°32′20″N 0°03′54″W / 51.5389°N 0.0650°W / 51.5389; -0.0650 (Evangelical Church, Haggerston)
Evangelical Haggerston's iron church was built in 1868. Originally clad in corrugated iron, it has been re-clad in asbestos sheeting. It is described as "An early, rare and complete example of a temporary iron Mission Church", and is listed at Grade II.[69]
Halse Mission Church Halse, Northamptonshire
52°03′31″N 1°10′30″W / 52.0586°N 1.1751°W / 52.0586; -1.1751 (Halse Mission Church)		 Anglican Built in the late 19th century as a community room for railway workers, Halse Mission Church was bought by the Earl of Ellesmere and moved to its present site. It opened for worship in 1900 and continues in use as a mission church in the parish of St Peter with St James, Brackley.[70]
St Philip's Church Hassall Green, Cheshire
53°07′15″N 2°20′01″W / 53.1208°N 2.3336°W / 53.1208; -2.3336 (St Philip's Church, Hassall Green)		 Anglican St Philip's Church originated in 1883 as St Mary's Church, Alsager, and was moved to its present site at Hassall Green in 1895. It continues in use as an Anglican church in the benefice of Sandbach Heath with Wheelock.[71][72]
Hazeleigh Church (*) Hazeleigh, Essex Anglican The iron church was erected in the late 19th century by the rector, the Rev William Stuart, M.A., because the original parish church had become dilapidated and was far from the centre of the village. Both churches were demolished in the 20th century and Hazeleigh now forms part of the parish of Woodham Mortimer.[73][74]
Heathrow Chapel (*) Heathrow, Middlesex Anglican A tin mission hall was built by Sipson Baptist Church on the east side of Cain's Lane in 1901to serve hamlet's rural population. The chapel was demolished in 1944 when Heathrow Airport was constructed.[75][76]
St Peter's Church High Salvington, West Sussex
50°50′55″N 0°24′29″W / 50.8485°N 0.4081°W / 50.8485; -0.4081 (St Peter's Church, High Salvington)		 Anglican The vicar of St Symphorian's Church at Durrington paid for this tin tabernacle to be erected in High Salvington in 1928. It was part of that church's parish between 1951 and 2010—since when it has been linked to All Saints Church at Findon Valley—and is Worthing's only iron church.[77][78][79]
Good Shepherd Mission Hurlston Green, Scarisbrick, Lancashire
53°35′48″N 2°54′32″W / 53.5968°N 2.9090°W / 53.5968; -2.9090 (Good Shepherd Mission, Scarisbrick)		 Anglican The Good Shepherd Mission was built in 1907, having been delivered via the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. It continues to be an active mission church in the parish of St Mark, Scarisbrick.[80][81]
St Michael and All Angels' Church Hythe, Kent
51°04′11″N 1°04′56″E / 51.0698°N 1.0822°E / 51.0698; 1.0822 (St Michael's Church, Hythe)		 Anglican St Michael and All Angels' Church is a Grade II listed building built in 1893. It is a pre-fabricated structure supplied by Humphrey's of Croydon. Its exterior walls and roof are made of corrugated iron on a steel frame. The interior is boarded throughout and the church has wooden window frames.[82]
Kilburn tin tabernacle Kilburn, London
51°32′10″N 0°11′32″W / 51.5362°N 0.1923°W / 51.5362; -0.1923 (Kilburn tin tabernacle)		 Congregational This was built by James Bailey in 1863, and used for worship until the 1920s, when it was used by sea cadets. In 2010 there was a campaign to repair and restore it. It is a Grade II listed building.[83][84]
Knowle Mission Room Knowle, Shropshire
52°21′48″N 2°35′33″W / 52.3632°N 2.5925°W / 52.3632; -2.5925 (Knowle Mission Room, Knowle)		 Anglican This is an Anglican mission hall within the Tenbury Team Ministry.[85]
Linwood Methodist Chapel Linwood, Lincolnshire
53°21′51″N 0°20′03″W / 53.364096°N 0.334163°W / 53.364096; -0.334163 (Linwood Methodist Chapel)		 Methodist Linwood Methodist Chapel may have been moved from Holton cum Beckering or it may have been the temporary church erected in Walesby in 1881 and moved in 1914 after St Mary's Church was built. It is currently disused.[86]
St Saviour's Church (*) Liss Forest, Hampshire
51°03′15″N 0°53′07″W / 51.0542°N 0.8852°W / 51.0542; -0.8852 (St Saviour's Church, Liss Forest)		 Anglican This Anglican church was in the joint parish of Liss and Liss Forest. It closed in 2012, and planning permission was granted for its demolition and replacement with houses.[87][88][89]
St Peter's Church Lower Withington, Cheshire
53°13′43″N 2°17′29″W / 53.2285°N 2.2915°W / 53.2285; -2.2915 (St Peter's Church, Lower Withington)		 Anglican St Peter's Church was built in 1891 as a chapel of ease to St John, Chelford. The benefice of the churches has been united. It is still in active use.[90][91][92]
St John the Baptist Church Maesbury, Shropshire
52°49′25″N 3°01′30″W / 52.8236°N 3.0250°W / 52.8236; -3.0250 (St John the Baptist Church, Maesbury)		 Anglican St John the Baptist Church is an active church in the village of Maesbury.[93]
St Mary's Church Newton-by-the-Sea, Northumberland
55°31′02″N 1°37′21″W / 55.5172°N 1.6225°W / 55.5172; -1.6225 (St Mary's Church, Newton-by-the-Sea)		 Anglican St Mary's Church was built as a mission room in the later part of the 19th century, and continues in active use as a church and a meeting room in the parish of Embleton.[94][95][96]
Congregational Chapel Old Heath, Colchester, Essex
51°52′06″N 0°55′42″E / 51.8684°N 0.9282°E / 51.8684; 0.9282 (Congregational Chapel, Old Heath)		 Congregational The Congregational Chapel was built in 1869 as an outreach mission for Lion Walk Congregational Church. It was enlarged in 1888, and 1898. It continues in use as a Congregational chapel.[97][98]
St Michael's Church Peasmarsh, Surrey
51°12′31″N 0°34′53″W / 51.2087°N 0.5815°W / 51.2087; -0.5815 (St Michael's Church, Peasmarsh)		 Anglican Occasional services are held in this tin tabernacle in the hamlet of Peasmarsh, part of Shalford parish.[99]
Christchurch Pointon, Bourne, Lincolnshire
52°52′22″N 0°20′46″W / 52.8728°N 0.3462°W / 52.8728; -0.3462 (Congregational Chapel, Old Heath)		 Anglican Christchurch in Pinfold Lane is an Anglican mission church, erected in 1893 to support the work of St Andrew's Parish Church at Sempringham. It continues in use as an active church and, as the parish church lacks electricity, Christchurch is the focus during the darker days of the year.[100][101]
Heath Church Reigate, Surrey
51°14′17″N 0°13′27″W / 51.2380°N 0.2242°W / 51.2380; -0.2242 (Heath Church, Reigate)		 Anglican The first service at Heath Church was held in 1907, and the church continues in use in the parish of St Mary Magdalene, Reigate.[102][103]
St Gabriel's Church Rough Common, Kent
51°17′35″N 1°02′55″E / 51.2930°N 1.0486°E / 51.2930; 1.0486 (St Gabriel's Church, Rough Common)		 Anglican This was built in 1890 as an Anglican mission room in the parish of Harbledown. It was renamed in the 1940s and gained the status of a full church. The wood-panelled interior features a stained glass window retrieved from a former church in Ramsgate which was damaged by World War II bombing. Two services are held monthly.[104]
Cuxton Chapel,
Kent Life		 Sandling, Kent
51°17′51″N 0°30′18″E / 51.2976°N 0.5049°E / 51.2976; 0.5049 (Cuxton Chapel)		 Anglican Originally a chapel in the village of Cuxton, Kent, Cuxton Chapel was moved to the museum Kent Life in 2000.[105]
St Mary the Virgin's Church Shepperdine, South Gloucestershire
51°39′49″N 2°33′17″W / 51.6637°N 2.5548°W / 51.6637; -2.5548 (St Mary the Virgin's Church, Shepperdine)		 Anglican This tin tabernacle was listed at Grade II in July 2016. It was erected on land near a farm in the Severnside hamlet of Shepperdine in spring 1914, but originally stood elsewhere (possibly in Wales). The timber interior retains its original features. The church has been part of the parish of Oldbury-on-Severn since 1956, and has services at least once per month.[106]
St Mary's Church Room Sole Street, Cobham, Kent
51°23′01″N 0°22′46″E / 51.3836°N 0.3794°E / 51.3836; 0.3794 (St Mary's Church Room, Sole Street)		 Anglican St Mary's Church Room continues in use as part of the parish of St Mary Magdalene, Cobham.[107]
Great Moulton Chapel,
Museum of East Anglian Life		 Stowmarket, Suffolk
52°10′58″N 0°59′34″E / 52.1829°N 0.9928°E / 52.1829; 0.9928 (Great Moulton Chapel)		 Non-denominational Great Moulton Chapel was a non-denominational chapel with ties with other chapels, including Surrey Chapel. It was built in the 1890s by the Norwich firm of Boulton and Paul at a cost of £105 18s 0d. The chapel closed in 1990 and was moved the 30 miles (48 km) from Great Moulton to the Museum of East Anglian Life.[108][109]
St Paul's Church Strines, Marple, Greater Manchester
53°22′29″N 2°02′36″W / 53.3747°N 2.0432°W / 53.3747; -2.0432 (St Paul's Church, Strines)		 Anglican St Paul's is located 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of Marple, Greater Manchester in the parish of All Saints, Marple. It was built in 1880 by the owners of Strines (Calico) Print Works. The church continues in active use, and in November 2011 was designated by English Heritage as a Grade II listed building.[110][111][112]
St Saviour's Church,
Midland Railway Centre		 Swanwick Junction, Derbyshire
53°03′42″N 1°22′58″W / 53.0617°N 1.3829°W / 53.0617; -1.3829 (St Saviour's Church, Midland Railway Centre)		 Anglican St Saviour's Church, originally located at Westhouses, Nottinghamshire, was dismantled and rebuilt at Swanwick Junction by the Midland Railway Trust. The church was consecrated in 1898, became redundant in the 1990s and was acquired for the museum site.[113]
Thorlby Chapel Thorlby, North Yorkshire
53°58′18″N 2°03′10″W / 53.9716°N 2.0527°W / 53.9716; -2.0527 (Thorlby Chapel)		 Methodist Original built as a Wesleyan Methodist chapel, now abandoned.[114][115]
All Saints Church (*) Thrupp, Gloucestershire
51°43′36″N 2°12′05″W / 51.7267°N 2.2015°W / 51.7267; -2.2015 (All Saints Church, Thrupp)		 Anglican The church was established in 1889, dedicated to All Saints and part of the parish of Holy Trinity, Stroud. It closed in 1968, some of its fittings were moved to Holy Trinity, and there were plans for it to be dismantled and stored.[116][117] The photograph shows the building in 2002.
St Andrew's Church Tonbridge, Kent
51°12′31″N 0°18′18″E / 51.2086°N 0.3049°E / 51.2086; 0.3049 (St Andrew's Church, Tonbridge)		 Anglican Previously known as Hadlow Stair Mission, Fish Hall Mission and Fish Hall Church, this grew out of an Anglican mission held at Fish Hall, a mansion in north Tonbridge. A disused tin tabernacle was purchased in Brighton, transported to Tonbridge and re-erected on a plot of land gifted by A.E. Peters of Fish Hall.[118]
St Antony of Padua Roman Catholic Church Trafford Park Village, Greater Manchester
53°57′44″N 1°53′08″W / 53.9621°N 1.8855°W / 53.9621; -1.8855 (St Antony of Padua, Trafford Park Village)		 Roman Catholic Three tin tabernacles were built in Trafford Park Village: a Methodist chapel in 1901, the Anglican St Cuthbert's Church in 1902, and the Roman Catholic St Antony of Padua in 1904. Much of the village was demolished by the early 1980s leaving the church with no resident population. Its parish of St Antony of Padua became an industrial chaplaincy. The church closed in 2009 but the building was retained for use by the Centre for Church and Industry.[119][120]
Twitton Mission Church Twitton, Otford, Kent
51°18′49″N 0°10′04″E / 51.3135°N 0.1678°E / 51.3135; 0.1678 (Twitton Mission Church (former), Twitton)		 Anglican This village west of Otford was served by an iron mission room from 1900 until 1982. It was extended in 1950 and rededicated as the Church of the Good Shepherd.[121]
St James's Church (*) Vines Cross, East Sussex
50°56′16″N 0°15′59″E / 50.9378°N 0.2665°E / 50.9378; 0.2665 (St James's Church, Vines Cross)		 Anglican Originally used for storage, this building was converted into an Anglican chapel of ease in 1911 and was served from the church at Horam. A freestanding timber bell-tower supported a single bell. The church closed in 2004 when it became uneconomic to repair and was demolished in favour of housing.[122][123][124][125]
St Paul's Mission Church Warren Row, Berkshire
51°31′10″N 0°49′51″W / 51.5194°N 0.8309°W / 51.5194; -0.8309 (St Paul's Mission Church, Warren Row)		 Anglican St Paul's Mission Church was bought as a kit in 1894 for just over £100. It continues in active use as a mission church in the parish of Wargrave.[126][127]
Westergate Mission Hall Westergate, West Sussex
50°50′33″N 0°40′03″W / 50.8425°N 0.6676°W / 50.8425; -0.6676 (Former Mission Hall, Westergate)		 Anglican Apparently built in about October 1905 as a mission room for the parish church at Aldingbourne,[128] this building later had various social functions (such as a Scout hut) until planning permission was granted in 2007 for its conversion into a house.[129]
Church of St Francis Westhope,
Canon Pyon, Herefordshire
52°09′18″N 2°47′06″W / 52.1551°N 2.7850°W / 52.1551; -2.7850 (St Francis, Westhope)		 Anglican Church of St Francis continues in use as an Anglican mission church in the parish of St Lawrence, Canon Pyon.[130][131]
Winterslow Baptist Church Winterslow, Wiltshire
51°05′15″N 1°39′58″W / 51.0876°N 1.6661°W / 51.0876; -1.6661 (Winterslow Baptist Church)		 Baptist Winterslow Baptist Church remains in active use as a Baptist church.[132]
Church Hall at Braemar Avenue Baptist Church Wood Green, London
51°36′02″N 0°07′03″W / 51.600512°N 0.117562°W / 51.600512; -0.117562 (Church Hall at Braemar Avenue Baptist Church)		 Baptist The church hall was built some time in the period 1904-1914. It is in need of repair and apparently disused. The church is in use, and a Grade II listed building,[133] and the church hall is listed by virtue of being within the curtilage of the listed building.
Woodmancote Mission Church Woodmancote, West Sussex
50°51′44″N 0°54′00″W / 50.8623°N 0.8999°W / 50.8623; -0.8999 (Woodmancote Mission Church, Woodmancote)		 Anglican The hamlet of Woodmancote in Westbourne parish is served by this "modest chapelry"—a rare prefabricated green-painted tin tabernacle with an entrance porch. It was erected in 1892 and licensed in 1928.[134][135]

Examples in Scotland

Name Location Photograph Denomination Notes
Dalswinton Mission or Barony Church Dalswinton, Dumfries and Galloway
55°08′53″N 3°39′45″W / 55.148°N 3.66241°W / 55.148; -3.66241 (Dalswinton Mission (or Barony) Church)		 Church of Scotland Dalswinton Mission was built in 1881 and stained glass windows were added in 1950 and 1975. The walls and roof are clad with red painted corrugated iron sheets. It has Gothic windows, a bellcote and spire. The building remains in active use.[136]
St Fillan's Church Killin, Stirling
56°28′08″N 4°19′00″W / 56.4689°N 4.3168°W / 56.4689; -4.3168 (St Fillan's Church, Killin)		 Scottish Episcopal Built in 1876 by the Marquess of Breadalbane for members of his shooting party, St Fillan's Church was extended in the early 20th century. It continues in active use in the Scottish Episcopal Church. It has been listed as Grade C(S).[137][138]
Italian Chapel Lamb Holm, Orkney
58°53′23″N 2°53′24″W / 58.8897°N 2.8901°W / 58.8897; -2.8901 (Italian Chapel, Lamb Holm)		 Roman Catholic The Italian Chapel on the uninhabited island of Lamb Holm is a tin chapel made from corrugated iron from two Nissen huts by Italian prisoners of war during World War II.[139]
Tin Church, Isle of Seil Ellenabeich, Seil, Argyll and Bute
56°17′24″N 5°37′41″W / 56.290°N 5.628°W / 56.290; -5.628 (Isle of Seil Tin Church)		 Free Church of Scotland A tin church built in the early 1900s for the Free Church of Scotland on Seil was used until the 1950s. It fell into disrepair but was renovated for residential and business use.[140]
Syre Church Syre, Strathnaver
58°21′50″N 4°14′15″W / 58.3639°N 4.2375°W / 58.3639; -4.2375 (Syre Church)		 Church of Scotland The corrugated iron church at Syre was built by Frederick Braby & Company of Glasgow in 1891.[13]

Examples in Wales

Name Location Photograph Denomination Notes
Abenbury Church Abenbury, Wrexham
53°02′27″N 2°56′56″W / 53.0407°N 2.9488°W / 53.0407; -2.9488 (Abenbury Church)		 Church in Wales Now disused, Abenbury Church stands in an isolated position close to Plas Issa Farm on the Cefn Park estate.
Good Shepherd Drury, Flintshire
53°10′22″N 3°03′37″W / 53.172704°N 3.060247°W / 53.172704; -3.060247 (Good Shepherd, Drury)		 Church in Wales The Church of the Good Shepherd is a mission church for St Matthew's in Buckley. It is clad in steel sheets.[141]
St Andrews Mission Church Minera, Wrexham
53°02′39″N 3°04′37″W / 53.044186°N 3.076884°W / 53.044186; -3.076884 (St Andrews Mission Church, Wrexham) 		Church in Wales The corrugated iron church with a timber frame was built near Wern Farm for the Esclusham district in 1892. It had four windows with pointed Y-tracery, a small spire and a gabled porch at its west end and small vestry at its southeast corner. It was given Grade II listed status in 1998 because of its unaltered state.[142]
St Anne's Church New Hedges, Tenby, Pembrokeshire
51°41′21″N 4°42′31″W / 51.6892°N 4.7087°W / 51.6892; -4.7087 (St Anne's Church, New Hedges)		 Church in Wales St Anne's Church was built in 1928, and continues in active use in the Tenby Benefice.[143]
St David's Church (*) Pensarn, Abergele, Conwy
53°17′38″N 3°34′47″W / 53.2938°N 3.5797°W / 53.2938; -3.5797 (Tin tabernacle, Pensarn)		 Church in Wales St David’s Church was built in 1880, its replacement opened in 2011.[144] The church was built to meet the needs of English residents who had moved to the area. It was intended as a temporary building but was used for 130 years.[145]
Methodist Chapel Rhosnesni, Wrexham
53°03′22″N 2°58′29″W / 53.0560°N 2.9746°W / 53.0560; -2.9746 (Rhosnensi Methodist Chapel)		 Methodist The Methodist Chapel at Rhosnesni remains in active use.[146]
Calvary Evangelical Church Rhymney, Caerphilly
51°45′35″N 3°16′58″W / 51.7596°N 3.2828°W / 51.7596; -3.2828 (Calvary Evangelical Church, Rhymney)		 Evangelical Calvary Evangelical Church continues in use as an evangelical church.[147]

Examples in Ireland

Name Location Photograph Denomination Notes
St Peter's Church Laragh, Castleblayney, Monaghan, Ireland
54°53′00″N 6°46′00″W / 54.8833°N 6.7668°W / 54.8833; -6.7668 (St Peters Church, Laragh)		 Church of Ireland St Peter's Church was built in 1890 by mill operator James McKean and consecrated on 13 August 1891. It was deconsecrated in 1962.[148] Built in a wooded glen for the Church of Ireland in the Swiss Gothic style, it has a three-stage spire.[149]

The church was restored by Laragh Heritage Group in 2014, the spire, main structure and the stained glass windows were repaired. The building is now in regular use for small local events.[150]

Rearcross Church Rearcross, Tipperary, Ireland
52°41′12″N 8°14′12″W / 52.6866°N 8.2367°W / 52.6866; -8.2367 (Rearcross Church)		 Roman Catholic Originally built in Northumbria for a Wesleyan congregation and moved to Rearcross in 1887. It is in use as a Catholic church and was renovated around the year 2000.[151]

Examples elsewhere

Name Location Photograph Denomination Notes
Wesleyan Church Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia Formerly Wesleyan Methodist Church of Australia Originally built in Adelaide, South Australia. It was shipped to Darwin in 1897. It was restored and moved to the George Brown Darwin Botanic Gardens in 2001, where it is used as a cafe.[152]

References

Citations

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Bibliography

  • Elleray, D. Robert (1998), A Millennium Encyclopaedia of Worthing History, Optimus Books, ISBN 0-9533132-0-4 
  • Hadlow Down Book Committee (1999), Hadlow Down: an Autobiography (Incorporating Alice Catharine Day's Glimpses of Rural Life in Sussex), Hadlow Down: Hadlow Down Millennium Book Committee, ISBN 0-9537125-0-8 
  • Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew; Hubbard, Edward; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2011) [1971], Cheshire, The Buildings of England, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-17043-6 
  • Homan, Roger (1984), The Victorian Churches of Kent, Phillimore & Co., ISBN 0-85033-466-7 
  • Mornement, Adam; Holloway, Simon (2007), Corrugated Iron: building on the frontier, Frances Lincoln, ISBN 978-0-7112-2654-8 
  • Sherwood, Philip (2013), Around Heathrow Through Time, Amberley Publishing, ISBN 9781445626642 
  • Thomson, Nick (2011), Corrugated Iron Buildings, Shire Books, ISBN 978-0-7478-0783-4 

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