West London Tram

West London Tram

The Uxbridge Road at Hillingdon, part of the proposed route of the tramway
Overview
Owner Transport for London
Locale West London, England
Transit type Tram
Number of lines 1
Number of stations 40
Operation
Operation will start Abandoned proposal
Technical
System length 12 mi (19 km)
Track gauge Standard gauge

The West London Tram (also known as West London Transit) was a proposed on-street light rail line that was to run along the Uxbridge Road (A4020) corridor in West London, England. The scheme is promoted by Transport for London (TfL) but opposed by the councils of all three London Boroughs through which it would run.[1] It was postponed indefinitely on 2 August 2007.[2]

The tram route was planned to run between Uxbridge and Shepherd's Bush, serving Hillingdon, Southall, Hanwell, West Ealing, Ealing and Acton en route,[3] and would have completely replaced a number of equivalent London Buses routes.

Overview

Tramlink in Croydon in October 1999
Shepherd's Bush bus station, originally intended as the eastern tram terminus
West London Tram
 Shepherd's Bush station London Underground London Overground National Rail Bus interchange
 Shepherd's Bush Market station London Underground
 Bloemfontein Road
 The Adelaide
 Askew Road
 Bromyard Avenue
 The King's Arms
 Acton Park
 North London Line
 Acton Town Hall
 Acton Square
 Twyford Crescent
 Ealing Common station London Underground
 Ealing Common Park
 Ealing Broadway station London Underground National Rail
 Ealing Town Hall
 St Leonard's Road
 Northfield Avenue
 West Ealing
 Hanwell Cemeteries
 Hanwell Broadway
 Hanwell Bridge
 Ealing Hospital
 Ironbridge
 Dormers Wells
 Southall/High Street
 Southall Broadway
Grand Union Canal
 The Grapes
 Shakespeare Avenue
 Church Road, Hayes
 Lansbury Drive
 Hayes End
 Hillingdon Heath
 Long Lane
 Hillingdon Village
 Greenwayfor Brunel University
 RAF Uxbridge
 Civic Centre, Uxbridge
 Uxbridge station London Underground

The revival of interest in tramways and light rail transit systems around the start of the 21st century lead to the re-introduction of electric trams to a number of British cities and towns such as Manchester, Sheffield, and Croydon. The West London Tram scheme was first announced in 2002 by the then Mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, along with other projects such as the Cross River Tram and the Thames Gateway Transit bus rapid transit scheme.[4]

Livingstone promoted the project as a solution to traffic congestion problems in the west of London. It was forecast that the tramway would carry 50 million passengers a year and, based on research of Croydon Tramlink, promoters anticipated around 19% of those passengers would switch from using a car to the tram for their journey. The scheme was budgeted at a cost of approximately £200 million, and the line would come into service by 2009.[4]

The tram was designed to run along the congested Uxbridge Road from Uxbridge to Shepherd's Bush and replace the heavily used 207, 427 and 607 bus routes. Had the route been constructed it would have revived a tram route established in 1904 and which was replaced by a trolleybus route 607 which was itself superseded by the present bus routes.[5][6]

The trams were to run on a completely on-street route, with a mixture of stretches shared with road traffic, "accessible" routes (controlled lanes which road traffic would be permitted to enter temporarily, for example to avoid an obstruction), and segregated stretches of track which would be for tram use only, mostly along the central reservation of the Uxbridge Road. The tram was partly envisaged as a "feeder" service for other modes of transit, transporting passengers to interchange points with London Underground, London Overground and the future Crossrail service.[7]

Progress

The West London Tram scheme proved to be a contentious proposal, with public opinion along the route more or less divided on the issue. Several consultation exercises and opinion polls reported contradictory results of narrow majorities both for and against the tram.

Opposition

The scheme was opposed by the local councils of the boroughs along the intended tramway route: Ealing, Hammersmith & Fulham and Hillingdon. Ealing council had initially supported the project, but following a change of council after the local elections, the new ruling Conservative Party council voted against the tramway.[8]

Ealing was also a focus of public campaigning against the tram, where opposition was strongest. A local pressure group, Save Ealing's Streets, launched a campaign in 2004 against the construction of the tramway through Ealing and along the A40 corridor. The group voiced concerns that there were a number of "pinch points" (sections of road not wide enough to accommodate two lanes of traffic and two tram lanes) along the Uxbridge Road which would create major congestion problems and divert a significant amount of traffic through residential areas. They also took the view that the reduction in traffic resulting from the tram would not be as high as that claimed by TfL, citing TfL's own impact studies of Croydon Tramlink. The Croydon system, the group noted, runs mostly on converted railway lines with only a short section of on-street track, and traffic displacement was managed by the construction of a new bypass; the West London Tram, by contrast, would run entirely along a highway which is hemmed in by narrow residential streets, with no scope for additional road construction.[9]

2004/05 consultation

The Mayor of London commissioned a public consultation in 2004 to gauge public opinion about the project and make revisions to the plans. 440,000 consultation brochures were circulated and nearly 17,000 questionnaires completed. The results of the exercise, published in March 2005, showed that, while 54% of respondents felt there was need to reduce congestion improve public transport and on the Uxbridge Road, 59 per cent were opposed to the tramway scheme. Opponents expressed concerns about the cost of the project and an anticipated increase in traffic congestion, particularly on residential side roads.[10][11]

The consultation - the largest ever held by Transport for London - was reportedly dismissed by Mayor Ken Livingstone as "unscientific", who instead cited a separate poll of 1,100 west Londoners which claimed a 54% backing for the tram.[8][12] Another 2004 poll of 1,800 people, commissioned from ORC by the Greater London Authority, claimed 56% support for the tram.[13]

2006 survey results

TfL commissioned market a research programme from Ipsos MORI, who conducted 1,860 telephone interviews with residents of west London during June 2006.[14] The results found that opinion was divided, with 40% supporting the tram scheme while 44% were opposed. A further 14% were impartial. Supporters of the scheme saw the trams as an environmentally friendly and more rapid transport solution than buses, and thought that it would reduce traffic congestion. Opponents mostly expressed the view that the tram line would increase traffic congestion as the roads were not wide enough to accommodate existing traffic and trams, and that traffic would be displaced into side roads, as well as concerns over the disruption caused by tramway construction. While a majority of residents thought that trams were environmentally friendly, a majority believed that trams take up too much space on the road. Most interviewees felt that reducing congestion on the Uxbridge Road was important, an improved bus service was favoured by many.[14]

Indefinite postponement

The West London Tram project was postponed indefinitely by TfL in August 2007. The decision followed the announcement that central government was to go ahead with the Crossrail project.[2] Opponents of the tramway were critical of the fact that £30 million had already been spent on the project before its cancellation.[15]

TfL have pledged to work with the local boroughs to increase bus provision instead, including interchanges with the future Crossrail stations. TfL have said the tram scheme may be revisited however if further public transport capacity is needed after Crossrail is up and running.[16]

Alternative proposals

Although there was strong opposition to the West London Tram scheme, most subjects expressed the view that congestion on the Uxbridge Road corridor was a major problem and thought that improvements to the existing bus services would be desirable.[14]

Various transport systems have been proposed as an alternative to laying a tram line. The campaigning group Trolley Buses for West London advocated the introduction of trolleybuses on the route; while such a system would deliver the environmental benefits of electric traction, they argued, vehicles running on rubber tyres would be quieter, more flexible in congestion, and not require the disruption of track-laying works.[17]

Tram opposition campaigners suggested that a monorail system could be considered as an alternative solution to west London congestion problems.[9] In 2003, a proposal was considered by Hounslow London Borough Council to construct a 21-kilometre (13 mi) elevated monorail along the central reservation of the A4 route from Hammersmith to Heathrow Airport. The proposal was rejected by TfL.[18]

References

  1. ↑ Mayor 'should his cut losses' over trams Hillingdon Times 23 February 2007
  2. 1 2 Controversial tram plan derailed BBC News 3 August 2007
  3. ↑ "West LondonTram Route Map" (PDF). Transport for London. 2002. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  4. 1 2 "Mayor says yes to new trams and busways". Mayor of London/Greater London Authority. 29 May 2002. Archived from the original on 18 April 2003. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  5. ↑ Webber, Mick (1997). London Trolleybus Chronology 1931-1962. Shepperton: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-2528-2.
  6. ↑ Blacker, Ken (2004). The London Trolleybus. Volume 2: 1946–1962. Harrow: Capital Transport. ISBN 978-1-85414-285-6.
  7. ↑ "Information Sheet 2: Description of the scheme" (PDF). Transport for London. November 2005. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  8. 1 2 Smit, Martina (19 May 2006). "Tram loses all council support". This Is Local London. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  9. 1 2 "A background brief". Save Ealing's Streets (campaign group). 2004. Archived from the original on 7 February 2004. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  10. ↑ "West London Tram Public consultation results - Summary brochure" (PDF). Transport for London. April 2005. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  11. ↑ "Majority say 'no' to tram scheme". BBC News. 1 March 2005. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  12. ↑ Lydall, Ross (1 March 2005). "Livingstone rejects tram protest vote". London Evening Standard. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  13. ↑ "Majority support for West London tram - poll". This is Local London. 25 June 2004. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  14. 1 2 3 "The West London Tram Scheme Final Report" (PDF). Research Study Conducted for Transport for London. Ipsos MORI. October 2006. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  15. ↑ "Plans for tram link scrapped". BBC News. 3 August 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  16. ↑ "West London Tram". Transport for London (archived page). 10 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 April 2008. Retrieved 19 February 2010.
  17. ↑ "The Issues". Trolleybuses for West London. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  18. ↑ "A4 Corridor – Monorail" (PDF). London Borough of Hounslow. 12 November 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 14, 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
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