Birkebeinerrennet
Birkebeinerrennet | |
---|---|
Birkebeinerrennet 2010 | |
Status | active |
Genre | sporting event |
Date(s) | March |
Frequency | annual |
Country | Norway |
Inaugurated |
1932 1976 (women) | (men)
Birkebeinerrennet (lit. The Birkebeiner race) is a long-distance cross-country ski marathon held annually in Norway. It debuted in 1932 and has been a part of Worldloppet as long as Worldloppet has been around.[1]
The Birkebeinerrennet is one of three races held under the Birkebeiner moniker, the other two being Birkebeinerrittet (bicycling) and Birkebeinerløpet (cross-country running).
Researchers at the Manchester Metropolitan University found that the metabolic cost for modern ski models is about 2.5 J/kg*m as compared to about 5 J/kg*m for ski models dated 542 AD. They also estimated maximum cross country speed for the 542 AD ski to 5 m/s, compared to about 12 m/s for modern cross country skis; for long distance skiing (several hours) results were 3 and 7 m/s respectively. This corresponds to about 5 hours for the original 1206 AD Birkebeiner flight.[2]
Race
The race starts at Rena and ends at Lillehammer, a distance of 54 km. The number of participants has been steadily increasing each year, and for the 2011 race, the limit was set at 16,000.[3]
History
The Birkebeinerrennet run has been held since 1932, and commemorates a trip made by the Birkebeiner loyalists to save the infant pretender to the Norwegian throne, Håkon Håkonsson, in 1206. All participants carry a backpack weighing at least 3.5 kg, symbolizing the weight of the then-one-year-old king. Till 1991 the start city was 1 year Lillehamer (finish Rena)and then the next year Rena (finish Lillehamer). Last year [citation needed] In Lillehamer the start was on the site where the now the skijumparea is build for the winter Olympics 1994.
In 2007, the race was cancelled due to extremely high winds (90 km/h or 55 mph). However, at the time of cancellation, the event had been under way for nearly an hour, with roughly a quarter of the 13,000 competitors already on course. Despite the efforts of officials to send everyone back to the starting point, 55 competitors eventually reached the finish in Lillehammer, and upon being interviewed, blasted the decision to cancel the event .
The race has also been cancelled in 2014 15 minutes before the start also due to high winds of 15 m/s . Despite the cancellation, thousands of skiers completed the route from Rena to Lillehammer (and from Lillehammer to Rena) and criticized the decision . The organizers also decided not to give any refunds, which caused an investigation by the Norwegian Skiing Federation.
Past winners
Course record in bold.
Men
Year | Name | Club/Nation | Time |
---|---|---|---|
1932 | Trygve Beisvåg | Norway | 4.51.04 |
1933 | Arne Rustadstuen | Norway | 4.24.12 |
1934 | Arne Rustadstuen (2) | Norway | 5.41.25 |
1935 | Olaf Hoffsbakken | Norway | 4.10.35 |
1936 | Oscar Gjøslien | Norway | 5.16.05 |
1937 | Gunnar Hansveen | Norway | 4.44.45 |
1938 | Olaf Hoffsbakken (2) | Norway | 3.56.34 |
1939 | Hallvard Eggset | Norway | 4.09.05 |
1940 | Gunnar Hansveen (2) | Norway | 4.30.09 |
1946 | Leif Haugen | Norway | 3.54.59 |
1947 | Gunnar Hermansen | Norway | 4.38.24 |
1949 | Olav Kveberg | Norway | 4.13.55 |
1950 | Gunnar Hermansen (2) | Norway | 4.28.15 |
1951 | Thorfinn Staff Eid | Norway | 4.12.01 |
1952 | Odd Nyborg | Norway | 4.17.50 |
1953 | Johs. Woxen | Norway | 4.20.25 |
1954 | Johan Østvang | Norway | 4.30.18 |
1955 | Oddmund Jensen | Norway | 3.57.31 |
1956 | Einar Skaaren | Norway | 4.03.33 |
1957 | Oddmund Jensen (2) | Norway | 3.48.46 |
1958 | Oddmund Jensen (3) | Norway | 3.39.34 |
1959 | Einar Skaaren (2) | Norway | 4.01.33 |
1960 | Martin Stokken | Norway | 3.34.19 |
1961 | Ole Ellefsæter | Norway | 3.44.02 |
1962 | Oddmund Jensen (4) | Norway | 3.43.15 |
1963 | Magnar Ingebrigtsli | Norway | 4.04.59 |
1964 | Egil Tvedt | Norway | 3.23.31 |
1965 | Oddmund Jensen (5) | Norway | 3.41.48 |
1966 | Egil Tvedt (2) | Norway | 3.36.34 |
1967 | Ivar Skogsrud | Norway | 4.00.39 |
1968 | Erik Solberg Johansen | Norway | 4.16.50 |
1969 | Niri Helleberg | Norway | 3.20.51 |
1970 | Arne Vehus | Norway | 3.21.40 |
1971 | Bjørn Arvnes | Norway | 3.40.30 |
1972 | Erik Solberg Johansen (2) | Norway | 3.24.19 |
1973 | Per Knotten | Norway | 3.06.07 |
1974 | Dag Anmarkrud | Norway | 3.22.42 |
1975 | Ivar Formo | Norway | 3.25.35 |
1976 | Audun Kolstad | Norway | 3.12.10 |
1977 | Audun Kolstad (2) | Norway | 3.05.39 |
1978 | Anders Bakken | Norway | 3.14.04 |
1979 | Anders Bakken (2) | Norway | 3.14.35 |
1980 | Dag Atle Bjørkheim | Norway | 3.16.05 |
1981 | Sven-Åke Lundbäck | Sweden | 3.16.25 |
1982 | Dag Atle Bjørkheim (2) | Norway | 3.02.43 |
1983 | Per Knut Aaland | Norway | 2.51.25 |
1984 | Magnar Rismyhr | Norway | 2.59.28 |
1985 | Ola Hassis | Sweden | 2.53.11 |
1986 | Örjan Blomquist | Sweden | 3.08.30 |
1987 | Pierre Harvey | Canada | 3.08.30 |
1988 | Jo Helgestad | Norway | 3.08.08 |
1989 | John Kvale | Norway | 2.58.56 |
1990 | Per Knut Aaland (2) | Norway | 3.03.44 |
1991 | Per Knut Aaland (3) | Norway | 3.05.07 |
1992 | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset | Norway | 3.15.34 |
1993 | Aleksandr Golubev | Russia | 2.45.42 |
1994 | Erling Jevne | Norway | 2.36.10 |
1995 | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset (2) | Norway | 2.57.18 |
1996 | Erling Jevne (2) | Norway | 2.39.12 |
1997 | Erling Jevne (3) | Norway | 2.33.05 |
1998 | Erling Jevne (4) | Norway | 2.43.19 |
1999 | Erling Jevne (5) | Øyer-Tretten IF, Norway | 2.50.45 |
2000 | Erling Jevne (6) | Øyer-Tretten IF, Norway | 2.41.53 |
2001 | Erling Jevne (7) | Øyer-Tretten IF, Norway | 2.38.45 |
2002 | Stanislav Řezáč | Czech Republic | 2.39.08 |
2003 | Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset (3) | Fjellhug/Vereide IL, Norway | 2.39.56 |
2004 | Gianantonio Zanetel | Italy | 2.48.55 |
2005 | Stanislav Řezáč (2) | Czech Republic | 2.37.37 |
2006 | Anders Aukland | Oseberg SL, Norway | 2.52.13 |
2007 | Cancelled | – | |
2008 | Stanislav Řezáč (3) | Czech Republic | 2.24.33 |
2009 | Jerry Ahrlin | Sweden | 2.36.58 |
2010 | Anders Aukland (2) | Oseberg SL, Norway | 2.27.19 |
2011 | Stanislav Řezáč (4) | Czech Republic | 2.39.54 |
2012 | Anders Aukland (3) | Norway | 2.21.34 |
2013 | Anders Aukland (4) | Norway | 2.42.38 |
2014 | Cancelled | – | |
2015 | Petter Eliassen | Team LeasePlan Go, Norway | 2.19.28 |
2016 | John Kristian Dahl | Team United Bakeries, Norway | 2.27.34 |
Women
Year | Name | Club/Nation | Time |
---|---|---|---|
1976 | Berit Mørdre Lammedal | Norway | 3.54.44 |
1977 | Valborg Østberg | Norway | 3.31.04 |
1978 | Birgit Øverby Tennøe | Norway | 3.49.01 |
1979 | Anna Bjørgan | Norway | 4.07.48 |
1980 | Anna Bjørgan (2) | Norway | 3.47.15 |
1981 | Vigdis Rønning | Norway | 3.43.19 |
1982 | Birgit Øverby Tennøe (2) | Norway | 3.40.55 |
1983 | Hilde Riis | Norway | 3.26.47 |
1984 | Gry Oftedal | Norway | 3.27.00 |
1985 | Gry Oftedal (2) | Norway | 3.25.45 |
1986 | Ellen Grepperud | Norway | 3.52.45 |
1987 | Astrid Dæhlie | Norway | 3.47.32 |
1988 | Elisabeth Tharaldsen | Norway | 3.50.13 |
1989 | Marthe Flugstad | Norway | 3.13.35 |
1990 | Mona Fugli | Norway | 3.51.50 |
1991 | Ragnhild Bratberg | Norway | 3.38.54 |
1992 | Anne Jahren | Norway | 3.52.00 |
1993 | Astrid Kristin Ruud | NTHI, Norway | 3.24.25 |
1994 | Marit Elveos | Norway | 3.21.12 |
1995 | Unni Ødegård | Norway | 3.28.15 |
1996 | Marit Mikkelsplass | Norway | 3.05.12 |
1997 | Marthe Flugstad (2) | Norway | 3.10.46 |
1998 | Anita Moen Guidon | Trysilfjellet SK, Norway | 3.03.21 |
1999 | Anita Moen Guidon (2) | Trysilfjellet SK, Norway | 3.21.22 |
2000 | Anita Moen Guidon (3) | Trysilfjellet SK, Norway | 3.06.24 |
2001 | Anita Moen Guidon (4) | Trysilfjellet SK, Norway | 3.03.27 |
2002 | Marthe Flugstad (3) | Gjøvik SK, Norway | 3.08.27 |
2003 | Annmari Viljanmaa | Finland | 3.05.16 |
2004 | Annmari Viljanmaa (2) | Finland | 3.03.47 |
2005 | Cristina Paluselli | Italy | 3.10.59 |
2006 | Hilde Gjermundshaug Pedersen | Nybygda IL, Norway | 3.08.10 |
2007 | Cancelled | – | |
2008 | Hilde Gjermundshaug Pedersen (2) | Nybygda IL, Norway | 2.52.04 |
2009 | Hilde Gjermundshaug Pedersen (3) | Nybygda IL, Norway | 3.05.00 |
2010 | Jenny Hansson | Sweden | 2.57.33 |
2011 | Seraina Boner | Switzerland | 3.11.17 |
2012 | Seraina Boner (2) | Switzerland | 2.47.03 |
2013 | Seraina Boner (3) | Switzerland | 3.09.12 |
2014 | Cancelled | – | |
2015 | Therese Johaug | Norway | 2.41.46 |
2016 | Seraina Boner (4) | Switzerland | 2.55.04 |
Special 2002 FIS World-Cup Race
In 2002, the race was included as the last event in the FIS world-cup. The world-cup class was won by Thomas Alsgaard and Anita Moen Guidon finishing in 2:24:08.7[4] and 2:43:39.1,[5] respectively, faster than both Rezac's and Hilde GP's records as of 2008. The participants in the world-cup class were, however, not required to carry the 3.5 kg backpack.
References
- ↑ "Birkebeinerrennet". Worldloppet. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
- ↑ Formenti, Federico et al. (2005): Human locomotion on snow: Determinants of economy and speed of skiing across the ages, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, vol. 272 no. 1572, 1561-1569 .
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-01-23. Retrieved 2011-03-19.
- ↑ FIS-Ski Results Lillehammer 2002, Men
- ↑ FIS-Ski Results Lillehammer 2002, Woman
External links
Media related to Birkebeinerrennet at Wikimedia Commons
- KMZ file tracing out the route of the race Requires Google Earth software.
- 2D View in Google Maps.
- Official homepage (in Norwegian)
- English version of the official homepage
- German version of the official homepage