Carnosine synthase

carnosine synthase
Identifiers
EC number 6.3.2.11
CAS number 9023-61-4
Databases
IntEnz IntEnz view
BRENDA BRENDA entry
ExPASy NiceZyme view
KEGG KEGG entry
MetaCyc metabolic pathway
PRIAM profile
PDB structures RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology AmiGO / EGO

Carnosine synthase (EC 6.3.2.11) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + L-histidine + beta-alanine ADP + phosphate + carnosine

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-histidine, and beta-alanine, whereas its 3 products are ADP (previously thought to form AMP[1]), diphosphate, and carnosine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds as acid-D-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is 'L-histidine:beta-alanine ligase (AMP-forming)' (incorrect on AMP-forming[2]). Other names in common use include 'carnosine synthetase', 'carnosine-anserine synthetase', 'homocarnosine synthetase', and 'carnosine-homocarnosine synthetase'.

Gene

The gene encoding this enzyme has been identified by Jakub Drozak an coworkers in 2010.[3] The gene encoding the Carnosine synthase is ATPGD1, a member of the “ATP-grasp family” of ligases. Because of its involvement in the formation of carnosine, this gene is now also named 'CARNS1'.[4]

References

  1. http://enzyme.expasy.org/EC/6.3.2.11
  2. http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme/EC6/3/2/11.html
  3. "Molecular identification of carnosine synthase as ATP-grasp domain-containing protein 1 (ATPGD1).". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 285: 9346–56. Mar 2010. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.095505. PMID 20097752.
  4. "Carnosine Synthase 1".
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