Inner nuclear layer

Inner nuclear layer

Section of retina. (Inner nuclear layer labeled at right, fifth from the top.)

Plan of retinal neurons. (Inner nuclear layer labeled at left, seventh from the top.)
Details
Identifiers
Latin stratum nucleare internum retinae
TA A15.2.04.014
FMA 58686

Anatomical terminology

The inner nuclear layer or layer of inner granules is made up of a number of closely packed cells, of which there are three varieties, viz.: bipolar cells, horizontal cells, and amacrine cells.

Bipolar cells

The bipolar cells, by far the most numerous, are round or oval in shape, and each is prolonged into an inner and an outer process.

They are divisible into rod bipolars and cone bipolars.

Connection types

Midget bipolars are linked to one cone while diffuse bipolars take groups of receptors. Diffuse bipolars can take signals from up to 50 rods or can be a flat cone form and take signals from seven cones. The bipolar cells corresponds to the intermediary cells between the touch and heat receptors on the skin and the medulla or spinal cord.[1]

Horizontal cells

The horizontal cells lie in the outer part of the inner nuclear layer and possess somewhat flattened cell bodies.

Their dendrites divide into numerous branches in the outer plexiform layer, while their axons run horizontally for some distance and finally ramify in the same layer.

Amacrine cells

The amacrine cells are placed in the inner part of the inner nuclear layer, and are so named because they have not yet been shown to possess axis-cylinder processes.

Their dendrites undergo extensive ramification in the inner plexiform layer.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

  1. "eye, human."Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD
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