Monkton Farleigh
| Monkton Farleigh | |
 St. Peter's church |
|
  Monkton Farleigh |
|
| Population | 460 (2011 census)[1] |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | ST805655 |
| Civil parish | Monkton Farleigh |
| Unitary authority | Wiltshire |
| Ceremonial county | Wiltshire |
| Region | South West |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Bradford on Avon |
| Postcode district | BA15 |
| Dialling code | 01225 |
| Police | Wiltshire |
| Fire | Dorset and Wiltshire |
| Ambulance | South Western |
| EU Parliament | South West England |
| UK Parliament | Chippenham |
| Website | Parish Council |
Coordinates: 51°23′17″N 2°16′55″W / 51.388°N 2.282°W
Monkton Farleigh is a village and civil parish in west Wiltshire, England, 3 miles (6 km) from Bradford-on-Avon, and 5 miles (8.0 km) from the city of Bath. The parish includes the hamlets of Farleigh Wick and Pinckney Green.
It is known for its underground mines of Bath Stone, which were converted into one of the largest Ministry of Defence underground ammunition stores in the country.[2]
The civil parish has 34 listed buildings, including:[3]
- Monkton Farleigh Manor (Grade I)[4]
- the Refectory at Monkton Farleigh Manor (Grade I ruin)[5]
- Church of St. Peter (Grade II*)[6][7]
Woodland at Inwood is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest.
CAD Monkton Farleigh
In the 1930s, it was recognised that there was a need to provide secure storage for munitions across the United Kingdom. The proposal was to create three Central Ammunition Depots (CADs): one in the north (Longtown, Cumbria); one in the Midlands (Nesscliffe, Shropshire); and one in the south, namely CAD Monkton Farleigh.
The easily hewn Bath stone, a form of limestone, had created a number of large, horizontal, and relatively dry quarries around Corsham. Monkton Farleigh quarry was renovated from the late 1930s by the Royal Engineers as one of the three major stockpiles.[3]
In November 1937 the Great Western Railway were contracted to build a 1,000 feet (300 m) long raised twin-loading platform at Shockerwick, with two sidings from the adjacent Bristol-London mainline branching off just outside the eastern entrance to the Box Tunnel at 51°24′19.31″N 2°17′22.94″W / 51.4053639°N 2.2897056°W. 30 feet (9.1 m) below and at right angles to this point, the War Office had built a narrow gauge wagon sorting yard. This was attached by a 1.25 miles (2.01 km) tunnel built by The Cementation Company, descending at a rate of 1:8.5 to the Central Ammunition Depot, housed in the former mine workings. The whole logistics operation was designed to cope with a maximum of 1,000 tonnes (1,100 tons) of ammunition a day.[8]
The narrow gauge trucks would descend from the platform to the tunnel, where a heavy-duty conveyor belt would propel the ammunition directly to the appropriate storage gallery. At any given time the depot was either taking in ammunition or sending it out, never both simultaneously. The construction design meant that an explosive accident or detonation inside any one of the stores would not propagate throughout the ammunition storehouse. The conveyor belt, and the original cable-way used as a temporary installation while the tunnel was being built, ran continuously for 30 days in the run-up to D-Day.[8]
CAD Monkton Farleigh closed at the end of hostilities, although was kept in an operational condition until the 1950s. The sidings were then cleared, and not used again until the mid-1980s when a museum opened for a short period on the site. Today the north end of the tunnel is sealed by a concrete and rubble installation, while the former mine/CAD is used for secure commercial document storage.[8]
References
- ↑ "Wiltshire Community History - Census". Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 15 August 2014.
- ↑ Bellows, Alan (8 November 2005). "Subterranean Cities". damninteresting.com. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
- 1 2 Monkton Farleigh at Wiltshire Community History from Wiltshire County Council. Retrieved on 6 October 2006.
- ↑ "Monkton Farleigh Manor". Images of England. Retrieved 2006-10-25.
- ↑ "Remains of the Refectory at Monkton Farleigh Manor". Images of England. Retrieved 2006-10-25.
- ↑ "Church of St Peter". Images of England. Retrieved 2006-10-25.
- ↑ "Church of St. Peter, Monkton Farleigh". Wiltshire Community History. Wiltshire Council. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
- 1 2 3 "CAD Monkton Farleigh". subbrit.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-02-11.
External links
Media related to Monkton Farleigh at Wikimedia Commons
- Monkton Farleigh at Wiltshire Community History from Wiltshire Council
- "Victoria County History - Wiltshire - Vol 7 pp66-69 - Parishes: Monkton Fairleigh". British History Online. University of London. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
- http://www.monkton-farleigh.co.uk/ – Promotional site and photo gallery for book Secret Underground Cities by Nick McCamley, including 162 pictures of Monkton Farleigh Mine underground ammunition dump