Polyzoniida

Not to be confused with Polyxenida or Pentazonia.
Polyzoniida
Octoglena bivirgata from the western United States
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Diplopoda
Subclass: Chilognatha
Infraclass: Helminthomorpha
Order: Polyzoniida
Cook, 1895
Families
Synonyms

Ommatophora Brandt, 1840
Orthozonia Verhoeff, 1840

Polyzoniida is an order of millipedes in the subclass Colobognatha containing three families and at least 74 described species.[1]

Description

Male Bdellozonium cerviculatum from the western United States viewed from below and above

Polyzoniidans have a somewhat domed dorsal surface with a flat ventral side. Their heads are small and cone-like, with few ocelli. They lack a dorsal groove and paranota (lateral extensions of each segment).[2]

Classification

The order Polyzoniida contains three families:[1]

Hirudisomatidae Silvestri, 1896 (6 genera, 20 species)
Polyzoniidae Newport, 1844 (6 genera, 22 species)
Siphonotidae Cook, 1895 (12 genera, 32 species)

Distribution

The family Hirudisomatidae occurs from Spain to the Himalayas in Eurasia, Japan, and in North America from southwest Canada to central Mexico.
Polyzoniidae has a holoractic (northern hemisphere) distribution, occurring in the northwest and northeast United States, eastern Canada, and in Europe from the United Kingdom and France to Siberia.
Siphonotidae has a southern distribution, occurring in Brazil and Chile, South Africa, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Tasmania, and New Zealand.[3][4]

References

  1. 1 2 Shear, W. (2011). "Class Diplopoda de Blainville in Gervais, 1844" (PDF). In Zhang, Z.-Q. Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa. 3148. pp. 159–164. ISBN 978-1-86977-850-7.
  2. ↑ "Diagnostic features of Millipede Orders" (PDF). Milli-PEET Identification Tables. The Field Museum, Chicago. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
  3. ↑ "Geographic distribution of Millipede Families" (PDF). Milli-PEET Identification Tables. The Field Museum, Chicago. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
  4. ↑ Mesibov, Robert. "Millipede species: Polyzoniida". Tasmanian Multipedes. Retrieved 14 November 2013.


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