List of Soviet manned space missions

This is a list of the manned space missions conducted by the Soviet space programme. These missions belong to the Vostok, Voskhod, and Soyuz space programs.

Vostok program

Mission Patch Launch Duration Landing Pilot Notes
Vostok 1 12 April 1961 1 h 48 m 12 April 1961 Yuri Gagarin First man in space; first manned orbital flight.[1]
Vostok 2 6 August 1961 1 d 1 h 18 m 7 August 1961 Gherman Titov First full day in space.[2]
Vostok 3 11 August 1962 3 d 22 h 22 m 15 August 1962 Andriyan Nikolayev First simultaneous flight of two manned spacecraft.[3]
Vostok 4 12 August 1962 2 d 22 h 56 m 15 August 1962 Pavel Popovich First simultaneous flight of two manned spacecraft.[4]
Vostok 5 14 June 1963 4 d 23 h 7 m 19 June 1963 Valery Bykovsky Longest solo orbital flight.[5]
Vostok 6 16 June 1963 2 d 22 h 50 m 19 June 1963 Valentina Tereshkova First woman in space.[6]

Voskhod program

Mission Patch Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
Voskhod 1 12 October 1964 1 d 0 h 17 m 3 s 13 October 1964 Vladimir Komarov Konstantin Feoktistov Boris Yegorov First spacecraft to carry a crew.
Voskhod 2 18 March 1965 1 d 2 h 2 m 17 s 19 March 1965 Pavel Belyayev Alexey Leonov First walk in space.

Soyuz program

1967–1971

Mission Patch Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
Soyuz 1 23 April 1967 1 d 2 h 47 m 52 s 24 April 1967 V. Komarov Cosmonaut died in crash-landing.
Soyuz 3 26 October 1968 3 d 22 h 50 m 45 s 30 October 1968 G. Beregovoy Rendezvous with unmanned Soyuz 2, failed docking.
Soyuz 4 14 January 1969 2 d 23 h 20 m 47 s 17 January 1969 V. Shatalov A. Yeliseyev
landing
Ye. Khrunov
landing
Docked with Soyuz 5. Crew transfer.
Soyuz 5 15 January 1969 3 d 0 h 54 m 15 s 18 January 1969 B. Volynov A. Yeliseyev
launch
Ye. Khrunov
launch
Docked with Soyuz 4. Crew transfer.
Soyuz 6 11 October 1969 4 d 22 h 42 m 47 s 16 October 1969 G. Shonin V. Kubasov Joint mission with Soyuz 7 & 8.
Soyuz 7 12 October 1969 4 d 22 h 40 m 23 s 17 October 1969 A. Filipchenko V. Volkov V. Gorbatko Joint mission with Soyuz 6 & 8.
Soyuz 8 13 October 1969 4 d 22 h 50 m 49 s 18 October 1969 V. Shatalov A. Yeliseyev Joint mission with Soyuz 6 & 7.
Soyuz 9 1 June 1970 17 d 16 h 58 m 55 s 19 June 1970 A. Nikolayev V. Sevastyanov Cosmonaut endurance test.
Soyuz 10 23 April 1971 1 d 23 h 44 m 54 s 25 April 1971 V. Shatalov A. Yeliseyev N. Rukavishnikov Failed to dock with Salyut 1.
Soyuz 11 6 June 1971 23 d 18 h 21 m 43 s 30 June 1971 G. Dobrovolsky V. Patsayev V. Volkov Visited Salyut 1. All cosmonauts aboard died in reentry from asphyxiation.

1973–1980

Mission Patch Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
Soyuz 12 27 September 1973 1 d 23 h 15 m 32 s 29 September 1973 V. Lazarev O. Makarov Test of redesigned two-person Soyuz craft.
Soyuz 13 18 December 1973 7 d 20 h 55 m 35 s 26 December 1973 V. Lebedev P. Klimuk Carried Orion 2 Space Observatory.
Soyuz 14 3 July 1974 15 d 17 h 30 m 28 s 19 July 1974 Yu. Artyukhin P. Popovich Visited Salyut 3.
Soyuz 15 26 August 1974 2 d 0 h 12 m 11 s 28 August 1974 L. Dyomin G. Sarafanov Failed to dock with Salyut 3.
Soyuz 16 2 December 1974 5 d 22 h 23 m 35 s 8 December 1974 A. Filipchenko N. Rukavishnikov Test of redesigned Soyuz craft.
Soyuz 17 11 January 1975 29 d 13 h 19 m 45 s 10 February 1975 G. Grechko A. Gubarev Visited Salyut 4 (1).
Soyuz 18a 5 April 1975 0 d 0 h 21 m 27 s 5 April 1975 V. Lazarev O. Makarov Launch failure, did not reach Salyut 4.
Soyuz 18 24 May 1975 62 d 23 h 20 m 8 s 26 July 1975 P. Klimuk V. Sevastyanov Visited Salyut 4 (2).
Soyuz 19 15 July 1975 5 d 22 h 31 m 21 July 1975 A. Leonov V. Kubasov Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: first docking with American spacecraft
Soyuz 21 6 July 1976 49 d 6 h 23 m 32 s 24 August 1976 B. Volynov V. Zholobov Visited Salyut 5 (1), departed early.
Soyuz 22 15 September 1976 7 d 21 h 52 m 17 s 23 September 1976 V. Bykovsky V. Aksyonov Earth imaging mission – as of 2015 last flight of a Soyuz spacecraft not targeted for a space station.
Soyuz 23 14 October 1976 2 d 0 h 6 m 35 s 16 October 1976 V. Zudov V. Rozhdestvensky Failed to dock with Salyut 5. Near-disastrous landing in icy lake.
Soyuz 24 7 February 1977 17 d 17 h 26 m 0 s 25 February 1977 V. Gorbatko Yu. Glazkov Visited Salyut 5 (2).
Soyuz 25 9 October 1977 2 d 0 h 44 m 45 s 11 October 1977 V. Kovalyonok V. Ryumin Failed to dock with Salyut 6.
Soyuz 26 10 December 1977 37 d 10 h 6 m 18 s 16 January 1978 G. Grechko
launch
V. Dzhanibekov
landing
Yu. Romanenko
launch
O. Makarov
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (1); returned with crew of Soyuz 27.
Soyuz 27 10 January 1978 64 d 22 h 52 m 47 s 16 March 1978 V. Dzhanibekov
launch
G. Grechko
landing
O. Makarov
launch
Yu. Romanenko
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (2); returned with crew of Soyuz 26.
Soyuz 28 2 March 1978 7 d 22 h 17 m 0 s 10 March 1978 A. Gubarev V. Remek Czechoslovakia Visited Salyut 6 (3).
Soyuz 29 15 June 1978 79 d 15 h 23 m 0 s 3 September 1978 V. Kovalyonok
launch
V. Bykovsky
landing
A. Ivanchenkov
launch
S. Jähn East Germany
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (4); returned with crew of Soyuz 31.
Soyuz 30 27 June 1978 7 d 22 h 2 m 59 s 5 July 1978 P. Klimuk M. Hermaszewski Poland Visited Salyut 6 (5).
Soyuz 31 26 August 1978 67 d 20 h 12 m 47 s 2 November 1978 V. Bykovsky
launch
V. Kovalyonok
landing
S. Jähn East Germany
launch
A. Ivanchenkov
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (6); returned with crew of Soyuz 29.
Soyuz 32 25 February 1979 108 d 4 h 24 m 37 s 13 June 1979 V. Lyakhov
launch
V. Ryumin
launch
Visited Salyut 6 (7). Vehicle returned without crew.
Soyuz 33 10 April 1979 1 d 23 h 1 m 6 s 12 April 1979 N. Rukavishnikov G. Ivanov Bulgaria Failed to dock with Salyut 6.
Soyuz 34 6 June 1979 73 d 18 h 16 m 45 s 19 August 1979 V. Lyakhov
landing
V. Ryumin
landing
Launched unmanned to Salyut 6, returned with crew of Soyuz 32.
Soyuz 35 9 April 1980 55 d 1 h 28 m 1 s 3 June 1980 L. Popov
launch
V. Kubasov
landing
V. Ryumin
launch
B. Farkas Hungary
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (8); returned with crew of Soyuz 36.
Soyuz 36 26 May 1980 65 d 20 h 54 m 23 s 31 July 1980 V. Kubasov
launch
V. Gorbatko
landing
B. Farkas Hungary
launch
T. Phạm Vietnam
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (9); returned crew of Soyuz 37.
Soyuz T-2 5 June 1980 3 d 22 h 19 m 30 s 9 June 1980 V. Aksyonov Yu. Malyshev Visited Salyut 6 (10); test of new model Soyuz spacecraft.
Soyuz 37 23 July 1980 79 d 15 h 16 m 54 s 11 October 1980 V. Gorbatko
launch
L. Popov
landing
T. Phạm Vietnam
launch
V. Ryumin
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (11); returned crew of Soyuz 35.
Soyuz 38 18 September 1980 7 d 20 h 43 m 24 s 26 September 1980 Yu. Romanenko A. Tamayo Cuba Visited Salyut 6 (12).

1980–1986

Order Patch Mission Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
39 Soyuz T-3 27 November 1980 12 d 19 h 7 m 42 s 10 December 1980 L. Kizim O. Makarov G. Strekalov Visited Salyut 6 (13). Test of first 3-seat Soyuz since 1971.
40 Soyuz T-4 12 March 1981 74 d 17 h 37 m 23 s 26 May 1981 V. Kovalyonok V. Savinykh Visited Salyut 6 (14).
41 Soyuz 39 22 March 1981 7 d 20 h 42 m 3 s 30 March 1981 V. Dzhanibekov Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa Mongolia Visited Salyut 6 (15).
42 Soyuz 40 14 May 1981 7 d 20 h 41 m 52 s 22 May 1981 L. Popov D. Prunariu Romania Visited Salyut 6 (16).
43 Soyuz T-5 13 May 1982 106 d 5 h 6 m 11 s 27 August 1982 A. Berezovoy
launch
L. Popov
landing
V. Lebedev
launch
A. Serebrov
landing
S. Savitskaya
landing
Visited Salyut 7 (1). Returned crew of Soyuz T-7.
44 Soyuz T-6 24 June 1982 7 d 21 h 50 m 52 s 2 July 1982 V. Dzhanibekov A. Ivanchenkov J.-L. Chrétien France Visited Salyut 7 (2).
45 Soyuz T-7 19 August 1982 113 d 1 h 50 m 44 s 10 December 1982 L. Popov
launch
A. Berezovoy
landing
A. Serebrov
launch
V. Lebedev
landing
S. Savitskaya
launch
Visited Salyut 7 (3), returned crew of Soyuz T-5. Second woman in space.
46 Soyuz T-8 20 April 1983 2 d 0 h 17 m 48 s 22 April 1983 V. Titov G. Strekalov A. Serebrov Failed to dock with Salyut 7.
47 Soyuz T-9 27 June 1983 149 d 10 h 45 m 0 s 23 November 1983 V. Lyakhov A. Aleksandrov Visited Salyut 7 (4).
48 Soyuz T-10-1 26 September 1983 5 m 13 s 26 September 1983 V. Titov G. Strekalov Rocket exploded before launch; crew capsule removed by escape system.
49 Soyuz T-10 8 February 1984 62 d 22 h 41 m 22 s 11 April 1984 L. Kizim
launch
Yu. Malyshev
landing
V. Solovyov
launch
G. Strekalov
landing
O. Atkov
launch
R. Sharma India
landing
Visited Salyut 7 (5). Returned crew of Soyuz T-11.
50 Soyuz T-11 3 April 1984 181 d 21 h 48 m 0 s 2 October 1984 Yu. Malyshev
launch
L. Kizim
landing
G. Strekalov
launch
V. Solovyov
landing
R. Sharma India
launch
O. Atkov
landing
Visited Salyut 7 (6). Returned crew of Soyuz T-10.
51 Soyuz T-12 17 July 1984 11 d 19 h 14 m 36 s 29 July 1984 V. Dzhanibekov S. Savitskaya I. Volk Visited Salyut 7 (7).
52 Soyuz T-13 6 June 1985 112 d 3 h 12 m 0 s 26 September 1985 V. Dzhanibekov V. Savinykh
launch
G. Grechko
landing
Visited and reactivated Salyut 7 (8). Exchanged crew member with Soyuz T-14.
53 Soyuz T-14 17 September 1985 64 d 21 h 52 m 8 s 21 November 1985 V. Vasyutin A. Volkov G. Grechko
launch
V. Savinykh
landing
Visited Salyut 7 (9). Exchanged crew member with Soyuz T-13.
Mission ended early due to Vasyutin's illness.
54 Soyuz T-15 13 March 1986 125 d 0 h 0 m 56 s 16 July 1986 L. Kizim V. Solovyov Visited Mir (1) and Salyut 7 (10).

1987–1991

Order Patch Mission Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
55 Soyuz TM-2 5 February 1987 174 d 3 h 25 m 56 s 30 July 1987 Yu. Romanenko
launch
A. Viktorenko
landing
A. Laveykin M. Faris Syria
landing
Visited Mir (2). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-3.
56 Soyuz TM-3 22 July 1987 160 d 7 h 25 m 56 s 29 December 1987 A. Viktorenko
launch
Yu. Romanenko
landing
A. Aleksandrov M. Faris Syria
launch
A. Levchenko
landing
Visited Mir (3). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-2 and TM-4.
57 Soyuz TM-4 21 December 1987 178 d 22 h 54 m 29 s 17 June 1988 V. Titov
launch
A. Solovyev
landing
M. Manarov
launch
V. Savinykh
landing
A. Levchenko
launch
A. Aleksandrov Bulgaria
landing
Visited Mir (4). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-5.
58 Soyuz TM-5 7 June 1988 91 d 10 h 46 m 25 s 7 September 1988 A. Solovyev
launch
V. Lyakhov
landing
V. Savinykh
launch
A. Aleksandrov Bulgaria
launch
A. Mohmand Afghanistan
landing
Visited Mir (5). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-6.
Difficulties with rocket firing to leave orbit.
59 Soyuz TM-6 29 August 1988 114 d 5 h 33 m 49 s 21 December 1988 V. Lyakhov
launch
V. Titov
landing
V. Polyakov
launch
M. Manarov
landing
A. Mohmand Afghanistan
launch
J.-L. Chrétien France
landing
Visited Mir (6). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-4 and TM-7
60 Soyuz TM-7 26 November 1988 151 d 11 h 8 m 24 s 27 April 1989 A. Volkov S. Krikalev J.-L. Chrétien France
launch
V. Polyakov
landing
Visited Mir (7). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-6.
61 Soyuz TM-8 5 September 1989 166 d 6 h 58 m 15 s 19 February 1990 A. Viktorenko A. Serebrov Visited Mir (8).
62 Soyuz TM-9 11 February 1990 179 d 1 h 17 m 57 s 9 August 1990 A. Solovyev A. Balandin Visited Mir (9).
63 Soyuz TM-10 1 August 1990 130 d 20 h 35 m 51 s 10 December 1990 G. Manakov G. Strekalov T. Akiyama1
landing
Visited Mir (10). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-11.
64 Soyuz TM-11 2 December 1990 175 d 1 h 50 m 41 s 26 May 1991 V. Afanasyev M. Manarov T. Akiyama1
launch
H. Sharman1
landing
Visited Mir (11). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-12.
65 Soyuz TM-12 18 May 1991 144 d 15 h 21 m 50 s 10 October 1991 A. Artsebarsky S. Krikalev
launch
T. Aubakirov
landing
H. SharmanUnited Kingdom1
launch
F. Viehböck Austria
landing
Visited Mir (12). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-13.
66 Soyuz TM-13 2 October 1991 175 d 2 h 51 m 44 s 25 March 1992 A. Volkov T. Aubakirov
launch
S. Krikalev
landing
F. Viehböck Austria
launch
K.-D. Flade Germany
landing
Visited Mir (13). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-14. The Soviet Union had dissolved by the time the craft returned to earth.

For subsequent Soyuz missions conducted by the Russian Federal Space Agency, see List of Russian manned space missions.

Notes

1 Commercially-funded cosmonaut or other "spaceflight participant".

See also

References

  1. "Vostok 1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
  2. "Vostok 2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
  3. "Vostok 3". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
  4. "Vostok 4". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
  5. "Vostok 5". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
  6. "Vostok 6". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
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