Soyuz TM-31

Soyuz TM-31
Operator Rosaviakosmos
COSPAR ID 2000-070A
Mission duration 186 days, 21 hours, 48 minutes, 41 seconds
Orbits completed ~3,040
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type Soyuz-TM
Manufacturer RKK Energia
Crew
Crew size 3
Launching Yuri Gidzenko
Sergei Krikalev
William Shepherd
Landing Talgat Musabayev
Yuri Baturin
Dennis Tito
Callsign Uran
Start of mission
Launch date October 31, 2000, 07:52:47 (2000-10-31UTC07:52:47Z) UTC
Rocket Soyuz-U
End of mission
Landing date May 6, 2001, 05:41:28 (2001-05-06UTC05:41:29Z) UTC
Landing site 90 kilometres (56 mi) NE of Arkalyk
Orbital parameters
Reference system Geocentric
Regime Low Earth
Perigee 190 kilometres (120 mi)
Apogee 249 kilometres (155 mi)
Inclination 51.6 degrees
Period 88.6 minutes
Docking with ISS


Soyuz programme
(Manned missions)
 Soyuz TM-30 Soyuz TM-32
Soyuz TM-31 is transported to the Launch Pad at the Baikonur complex, 29 October 2000

Soyuz TM-31 was the first Soyuz spacecraft to dock with the International Space Station (ISS).[1] This Soyuz-TM spacecraft carried the members of Expedition 1, the first long-duration ISS crew. It was launched from Russia at 07:52 UT on October 31, 2000 by a Soyuz-U rocket.

The crew consisted of Russian cosmonauts Yuri Gidzenko and Sergei Krikalev, and American William Shepherd. Gidzenko was Commander of the flight up, but once aboard the station, Shepherd became Commander of the long-duration mission Expedition 1.[2]

The spacecraft served as the crew's lifeboat while docked to the ISS. The Expedition 1 crew were returned to Earth via a Space Shuttle during STS-102 in March 2001, and the Soyuz TM-31 spacecraft stayed with the station for part of Expedition 2. In April 2001 another spacecraft, Soyuz TM-32, arrived at the station, and took over responsibilities as the station's lifeboat. The crew launched by Soyuz TM-32, which included the first paying space tourist Dennis Tito, were returned to Earth in May aboard Soyuz TM-31. The visiting mission of which Tito was apart is sometimes referred to as ISS EP-1.

Crew

Position Launching crew Landing crew
Commander Russia Yuri Gidzenko, RKA
Expedition 1
Second spaceflight
Russia Talgat Musabayev, RKA
ISS EP-1
Third and last spaceflight
Flight Engineer Russia Sergei Krikalev, RKA
Expedition 1
Fifth spaceflight
Russia Yuri Baturin, RKA
ISS EP-1
Second and last spaceflight
Flight Engineer/Spaceflight Participant United States William Shepherd, NASA
Expedition 1
Fourth and last spaceflight
United States Dennis Tito, SA
ISS EP-1
Only spaceflight
Tourist

Docking with ISS

Mission highlights

The Soyuz carried a crew of three to dock it with the Zvezda module of the International Space Station (ISS) at about 09:21 UT on November 2. The Progress M1-3 cargo craft that was docked with Zvezda was released to make way for the Soyuz. The crew of two Russian and one American spent over three months on the ISS, and returned to Earth in an American shuttle (STS-102) in February 2001. In the initial days, the crew brought a variety of life support systems on-line, and created a laptop computer network that helped run all systems in the ISS. The remaining months were allotted for exercise and space endurance practice. The crew was first group of a planned decade-long "permanent inhabitation" of the ISS.

References

  1. "Soyuz ISS Missions" (PDF). NASA.
  2. "ISS: 10 Years of Human Space Mission". Russian Federal Space Agency.
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